Epigeneics include any process that alters gene activity without changing the DNA sequence, and leads to modifications that can be transmitted to daughter cells. Many types of epigenetic processes have been identified—they include DNA methylation, alteration in the structure of histone proteins and gene regulation by small noncoding microRNAs.

Many different DNA and histone modifications have been identified to determine the epigenetic landscape. DNA methylation is mainly mediated by DNA-methyl transferase (DNMT), there are two known types of DNMT, namely DNMT1, which preserves preexisting pattern of methylation after cell replication, and DNMT3A/B, so-called “de novo” DNMT, which methylate previously unmethylated DNA. Histone modifications mainly include acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. The acetylation of histones can be mediated by histone acetyltransferases (HATs) and histone deacetyltransferases (HDACs), while Histhone demethylation is performed by two classes of histone demethylases: lysine-specific demethylase (LSD) family proteins (LSD1 and LSD2) and JmjC domaincontaining histone demethylase (JHDM). Furthermore, enzymes involved in epigenetic modifications can also be governed by miRNAs. For example, miR-34a can directly inhibit the activities of SIRT1 to regulate cholesterol homeostasis.

The accumulated evidence indicates that many genes, diseases, and environmental substances are part of the epigenetics picture. At the FDA, scientists are investigating many drugs that function through epigenetic mechanisms. Drugs that inhibit DNA methylation or histone deacetylation have been studied for the reactivation of tumor suppressor genes and repression of cancer cell growth. Epigenetic inhibitors can also work alone or in combination with other therapeutic agents.

References:
[1] Bob Weinhold. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Mar; 114(3): A160–A167.
[2] Xu W, et al. Genet Epigenet. 2016 Sep 25;8:43-51.
[3] Biswas S, et al. Pharmacol Ther. 2017. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.02.011.
[4] Perri F, et al. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017 Mar;111:166-172.


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CHR-3996

Nanatinostat (CHR-3996) is a potent, class I selective and orally active histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor with an IC50 of 8 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1256448-47-1
  • MF: C20H19FN6O2
  • MW: 394.40
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PF-CBP1 hydrochloride

PF-CBP1 hydrochloride is a highly selective inhibitor of the CREB binding protein bromodomain.Target: CREBin vitro: PF-CBP1 modulates key inflammatory genes in primary macrophages. PF-CBP1 downregulates RGS4 in neurons, a target linked to Parkinson's disease. PF-CBP1 is 139-fold selective over BRD4 in the biochemical assays and >105-fold selective by ITC. F-CBP1 is also a potent inhibitor of EP300 (a result observed for other CBP inhibitors. [1]

  • CAS Number: 2070014-93-4
  • MF: C29H36N4O3·HCl
  • MW: 525.08
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ZIKV-IN-2

ZIKV-IN-2 (compound 3a) is a potent ZIKV NS5 methyl transferase (MTase) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 38.86 μM. ZIKV-IN-2 inhibits ZIKV replication and infection. ZIKV-IN-2 can be used in research of Zika virus (ZIKV)[1].

  • CAS Number: 910582-16-0
  • MF: C39H42O4
  • MW: 574.75
  • Catalog: DNA Methyltransferase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Mitoxantrone

Mitoxantrone is a topoisomerase II inhibitor; also inhibits protein kinase C (PKC) activity with an IC50 of 8.5 μM.

  • CAS Number: 65271-80-9
  • MF: C22H28N4O6
  • MW: 444.481
  • Catalog: Topoisomerase
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 805.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 170-174ºC
  • Flash Point: 441.1±34.3 °C

GSK097

GSK097 is a potent and selective Inhibitor of the second bromodomain (BD2) of the bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) proteins. GSK097 displays 2000-fold selective for BD2 over BD1 (BRD4 data) with >1 mg/mL solubility in FaSSIF media[1].

  • CAS Number: 2159137-02-5
  • MF: C19H21N3O3
  • MW: 339.39
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Itacitinib

Itacitinib is a potent and selective inhibitor of JAK1, with >20-fold selectivity for JAK1 over JAK2 and >100-fold over JAK3 and TYK2; Itacitinib is used in the research of myelofibrosis.

  • CAS Number: 1334298-90-6
  • MF: C26H23F4N9O
  • MW: 553.51400
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 1.57±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

(+)-JQ1 PA

(+)-JQ1 PA is a derivative of the Bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) inhibitor JQ1, with an IC50 of 10.4 nM.

  • CAS Number: 2115701-93-2
  • MF: C22H20ClN5OS
  • MW: 437.95
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d6

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d6 (CYT387-3,3,5,5-d6) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib has inhibitory activity for JAK1/JAK2[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1619927-67-1
  • MF: C23H16D6N6O2
  • MW: 420.50
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tofacitinib (CP-690550)

Tofacitinib is a JAK1/2/3 inhibitor with IC50s of 1, 20, and 112 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 477600-75-2
  • MF: C16H20N6O
  • MW: 312.370
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 585.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 308.1±30.1 °C

GNE-781

GNE-781 is a highly potent and selective CBP inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.94 nM in TR-FRET assay. GNE-781 also inhibits BRET and BRD4(1) with IC50s of 6.2 nM and 5100 nΜ, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1936422-33-1
  • MF: C27H33F2N7O2
  • MW: 525.59
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GNE-272

GNE-272 is a potent and selective in vivo probe for the bromodomains of CBP/EP300 with IC50 values of 0.02, 0.03 and 13 μM for CBP, EP300 and BRD4, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1936428-93-1
  • MF: C22H25FN6O2
  • MW: 424.47
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PF-4950834

PF-4950834 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive rho kinase inhibitor with IC50 values of 8.35 nM and 33.12 nM against ROCK2 and ROCK1, respectively. PF-4950834 inhibits neutrophil migration[1].

  • CAS Number: 1256264-62-6
  • MF: C21H19N3O2
  • MW: 345.39
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Buformin

Buformin (1-Butylbiguanide) is a potent and orally active biguanide antidiabetic agent, an AMPK activator. Buformin decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis and lowers blood glucose production in vivo. Buformin also has anti-cancer activities and is applied in cancer study (such as, cervical cancer and breast cancer, et al)[1].

  • CAS Number: 692-13-7
  • MF: C6H15N5
  • MW: 157.21700
  • Catalog: AMPK
  • Density: 1.22g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 322.7ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 148.9ºC

TX-1123

TX-1123 is a potent protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitor for Src, eEF2-K, and PKA, and EGFR-K/PKC. TX-1123 is a cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.16 μM and 15.7 μM for COX2 and COX1, respectively. TX-1123 has low mitochondrial toxicity. TX-1123 can be used in research of cancer[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 157397-06-3
  • MF: C20H24O3
  • MW: 312.40300
  • Catalog: PKC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

EPZ031686

EPZ031686 is an orally available SMYD3 inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 nM in cell-free assay.

  • CAS Number: 1808011-22-4
  • MF: C26H34ClF3N4O4S
  • MW: 591.086
  • Catalog: Histone Methyltransferase
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

P300/CBP-IN-3

P300/CBP-IN-3, a p300/CBP histone acetyltransferase inhibitor, Compound 6, is sourced from patent WO 2019049061 A1[1].

  • CAS Number: 2299226-01-8
  • MF: C24H29N7O
  • MW: 431.53
  • Catalog: Histone Acetyltransferase
  • Density: 1.23±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SNIPER(BRD)-1

SNIPER(BRD)-1, consists of an IAP antagonist LCL-161 derivative and a BET inhibitor, (+)-JQ-1, connected by a linker. SNIPER(BRD)-1 induces the degradation of BRD4 via the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. SNIPER(BRD)-1 also degrades cIAP1 , cIAP2 and XIAP with IC50s of 6.8 nM, 17 nM, and 49nM, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095244-54-3
  • MF: C53H66ClN9O8S2
  • MW: 1056.73
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SPV 106

SPV106 is histone acetylase (HAT) and GCN5-related N-acetyltransferases (GNAT) activator. SPV106 can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes (T2D)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1036939-38-4
  • MF: C22H40O4
  • MW: 368.55100
  • Catalog: Histone Acetyltransferase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PARP/PI3K-IN-1

PARP/PI3K-IN-1 (compound 15) is a potent PARP/PI3K inhibitor with pIC50 values of 8.22, 8.44, 8.25, 6.54, 8.13, 6.08 for PARP-1, PARP-2, PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kδ, and PI3Kγ, respectively. PARP/PI3K-IN-1 is a highly effective anticancer compound targeted against a wide range of oncologic diseases[1].

  • CAS Number: 2337386-47-5
  • MF: C33H28F4N8O3
  • MW: 660.62
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

KR-39038

KR-39038 is an orally active and potent GRK5 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 0.02 μM. KR-39038 significantly inhibits angiotensin II-induced cellular hypertrophy through suppression of HDAC5 pathway in neonatal cardiomyocytes. KR-39038 shows profound anti-hypertrophic effects and improved cardiac function. KR-39038 can be used for heart failure research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2770300-35-9
  • MF: C24H32ClFN6O
  • MW: 475.00
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Aviculin

Aviculin, a lignan glycoside, is a potent anticancer agent. Aviculin reduces metabolic activity on MCF-7 cells below 50%, with an IC50 of 75.47 μM. Aviculin induces breast cancer cell apoptosis through the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Aviculin increases expression of initiator caspase-9, executioner caspase-7, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Aviculin shows an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio[1].

  • CAS Number: 156765-33-2
  • MF: C26H34O10
  • MW: 506.54
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CeMMEC2

CeMMEC2 is a novel potent BRD4 inhibitor with IC50 of 0.9 uM, binds to both bromodomains of BRD4, comparably to (S)-JQ1.

  • CAS Number: 902955-25-3
  • MF: C14H19N5
  • MW: 257.334
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PROTAC BRD4-binding moiety 1

PROTAC BRD4-binding moiety 1 is a ligand for BRD4. PROTAC BRD4-binding moiety 1 binds to cereblon ligand via a linker to form PROTAC to degrade BRD4 (HY-133136)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2101200-10-4
  • MF: C23H21N3O2
  • MW: 371.43
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

RTS-V5

RTS-V5 is a dual HDAC/proteasome inhibitor with IC50s of 6.9, 18, 15, 0.27, 0.53 μM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, HDAC6, HDAC8, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 2285346-31-6
  • MF: C27H35N5O6
  • MW: 525.60
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d4

Momelotinib-3,3,5,5-d4 (CYT387-3,3,5,5-d4) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib has inhibitory activity for JAK1/JAK2[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1619927-66-0
  • MF: C23H18D4N6O2
  • MW: 418.48
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

4'-Bromo-resveratrol

4'-Bromo-resveratrol is a potent and dual inhibitor Sirtuin-1 and Sirtuin-3. 4'-Bromo-resveratrol inhibits melanoma cell growth through mitochondrial metabolic reprogramming. 4'-Bromo-resveratrol imparts antiproliferative effects in melanoma cells through a metabolic reprogramming and affecting the cell cycle and apoptosis signaling[1].

  • CAS Number: 1224713-90-9
  • MF: C14H11BrO2
  • MW: 291.14000
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Miravirsen

Miravirsen (SPC-3649), a β-d-oxy-locked nucleic acid-modified phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide, inhibit the biogenesis of miR-122. Miravirsen (SPC-3649) is used in the study for HCV infections[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Trichostatin A S-isomer

(S)-Trichostatin A ((S)-TSA) 是一种 HDAC6 选择性抑制剂,对斑马鱼 HDAC6 和人 HDAC6 的 IC50 值分别为 9.88 nM和 11.1 nM。(S)-Trichostatin A 弱抑制其他人 HDAC。

  • CAS Number: 122292-85-7
  • MF: C17H22N2O3
  • MW: 302.36800
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BI 894999

BRD4 Inhibitor-10 is a potent BRD4-BD1 inhibitor extracted from patent WO2015022332A1, Compound II-25, has an IC50 of 8 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1660117-38-3
  • MF: C25H27N5O2
  • MW: 429.51
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CTB

CTB (Cholera Toxin B subunit) is a potent p300 histone acetyltransferase activator[1]. CTB can effectively induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells[2].

  • CAS Number: 451491-47-7
  • MF: C16H13ClF3NO2
  • MW: 343.73
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A