NF157 is a highly selective nanomolar P2Y11 antagonist with a pKi of 7.35. The IC50s are 463 nM, 1811 µM, 170 µM for P2Y11 (Ki=44.3 nM), P2Y1 (Ki=187 µM), P2Y2 (Ki=28.9 µM), respectively[1]. NF157, significantly reduces expression of metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-13, can be used in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA)[2].
MRS2698 is a potent and highly selective P2Y2 receptor agonist with an EC50 of 8 nM. MRS2698 is >300-fold P2Y2-selective versus the P2Y4 and P2Y6 receptors[1][2].
N6-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)adenosine is a inhibitor of platelet aggregation induced in vitro by collagen and their activity range was demonstrated (IC50: 6.77-141 μM). IC50 value: 6.77-141 μMTarget: P2Y12receptorAnti-aggregation activity of N6-(4-Hydroxybenzyl)adenosine could involve an interaction with the P2Y12receptor binding site.
trans-R-138727MP (Prasugrel metabolite R-138727MP) is the active metabolite derivative of Prasugrel (HY-15284). Prasugrel, a thienopyridine and prodrug, inhibits platelet function. Prasugrel is an orally active and potent P2Y12 receptor antagonist, and inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation[1].
YM 254890 is a selective Gq signaling inhibitor that strongly inhibits intracellular calcium ion mobilization and serum response element (SRE)-mediated transcription stimulated by several receptors coupled to Gq, but not those coupled to Gi, Gs, or G15; also exhibits antithrombotic and thrombolytic effects in an electrically induced carotid artery thrombosis model in rats; inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation in human platelet-rich plasma with an IC50 of <0.6 uM by blocking the P2Y1 receptor-signal transduction pathway. Thrombosis Discontinued
Prasugrel hydrochloride is a platelet inhibitor with IC50 value of 1.8 μM.Target: P2Y12 receptorPrasugrel hydrochloride is a novel platelet inhibitor used for the reduction of thrombotic cardiovascular events (including stent thrombosis) in patients with acute coronary syndrome who are to be managed with PCI [2].Prasugrel hydrochloride reduces the aggregation ("clumping") of platelets by irreversibly binding to P2Y12 receptors. In rat platelets, prasugrel hydrochloride AM inhibited in vitro platelet aggregation induced by ADP (10 μm) with an IC50 value of 1.8 Μm [2]. Clinical indications: Acute coronary syndrome; Ischemic heart disease; Sickle cell anemia; Stroke; Vascular occlusive diseaseFDA Approved Date: February 2009Toxicity: Hypertension; Headache; Hypercholesterolemia/hyperlipidemia; Nausea; Epistaxis
MRS 2179 is a potent, selective, competitive P2Y1 receptor antagonist with Kb of 100 nM; displays no appreciable activity at P2Y2, P2Y4, or P2Y6 receptors (>30 uM); inhibits ADP-induced platelet shape change, aggregation and Ca2+ rise but has no effect on ADP-induced inhibition of adenylyl cyclase; decreases platelet count in mice.
UDP-Galactose disodium is a monosaccharide and a P2Y14 receptor agonist with an EC50 value of 0.67 μM. UDP-Galactose disodium is a substrate for the transferase beta-1, 4 galactosyltransferase V (B4GALT5)[1][2].
Uridine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt is a potent, selective P2Y6 receptor native agonist (EC50=300 nM; pEC50=6.52) and a potent P2Y14 antagonist (pEC50=7.28). Uridine 5'-diphosphate sodium salt, an endogenous metabolite, catalyzes the glucuronidation of a wide array of substrates and is used in nucleic acid (RNA) biosynthesis[1][2].
MRS2500 tetraammonium is a potent, selective and stable antagonist of the P2Y1 receptor (Ki=0.78 nM for recombinant human P2Y1 receptor). MRS2500 tetraammonium inhibits the ADP-induced aggregation of human platelets with an IC50 value of 0.95 nM. Antithrombotic activity[1][2][3].
Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose-13C6 (disodium) is the 13C labeled Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt[1]. Uridine 5′-diphosphoglucose disodium salt (UDP-D-Glucose disodium salt) is the precursor of glucose-containing oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids in animal tissues and in some microorganisms. Uridine-5′-diphosphoglucose is an agonist of the P2Y14 receptor, a neuroimmune system GPCR[2].
Antiplatelet agent 1 (compound 7q) is a Ticagrelor analoguehas, possessing antiplatelet activity. Antiplatelet agent 1 can be used for researching platelet aggregation[1].
NF340 is a potent and selective P2Y11 receptor antagonist. NF340 inhibits the activity of P2Y11R by completely combining with ATP-binding amino acid residues. NF340 ameliorates inflammation in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes and can be used for rheumatoid arthritis research[1].
Clopidogrel is a well-known and orally active platelet inhibitor that targets P2Y12 receptor. Clopidogrel is used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease.
Clopidogrel-d3 (hydrogen sulfate) is the deuterium labeled Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate[1]. Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate is an antiplatelet agent to prevent blood clots. Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate inhibits CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 with IC50s of 18.2 nM and 524 nM, respectively. Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate is a potent antithrombotic agent that inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation．Clopidogrel hydrogen sulfate also is an orally active P2Y(12) inhibitor[2][3][4][5][6].
TAK-024 is a platelet inhibitor with IC50s of 31, 79 and 51 nM in human, monkey and guinea pig, respectively.
Prasugrel-d4 is the deuterium labeled Prasugrel[1]. Prasugrel (PCR 4099), a thienopyridine and prodrug, inhibits platelet function. Prasugrel is an orally active and potent P2Y12 receptor antagonist, and inhibits ADP-induced platelet aggregation[2].
Blue FPG-A trisodium is a selective antagonist of P2X1 receptor and P2Y1 receptor with IC50 values of 35.5 μM and 2.6 μM, respectively. Blue FPG-A trisodium is a structural isomer of the components of Reactive Blue 2 (RB2)[1].
PIT (2,2'-Pyridylisatogen tosylate) is a selective and non-competitive antagonist of P2Y1 receptor with an IC50 value of 0.14 μM for human P2Y1 receptor. PIT antagonizes P2Y1 receptor signaling without affecting nucleotide binding. PIT is an irreversible antagonist of responses to ATP at metabotropic purinoceptors (of the P2Y family) in some smooth muscles. PIT can be used for the research of chronic bronchitis and asthma[1][2][3].
P2Y2R/GPR17 antagonist 1 (Compound 14m) is a dual P2Y2R and GPR17 antagonist with IC50 values of 3.17 µM and 1.67 µM against P2Y2R and GPR17, respectively. P2Y2R/GPR17 antagonist 1 shows excellent metabolic stability in human liver microsomes[1].
Clopidogrel thiolactone is a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, is a potent antiplatelet agent.Target: P2Y12Clopidogrel thiolactone is the metabolic intermediate resulting from the first oxidative activation of clopidogrel.
PSB-1114 tetrasodium is a potent, enzymatically stable, and subtype-selective P2Y2 receptor agonist with an EC50 of 134 nM. PSB-1114 tetrasodium displays >50-fold selectivity versus the P2Y4 (EC50 of 9.3 μM) and P2Y6 (EC50 of 7.0 μM) receptors[1].
PSB-0739 is a high-affinity potent, competitive, nonselective platelet P2Y12 receptor antagonist with a Ki values of 24.9 nM. The P2Y12 receptor plays a crucial role in platelet aggregation. Antithrombotic effect[1].
Vicagrel, an acetate derivative of Clopidogrel, is a P2Y12 platelet inhibitor potentially for the treatment of thrombosis, the substrate of carboxylesterase 2 (CES2)[1]. Vicagrel demonstrates a favorable safety profile and excellent anti-platelet activity, which could be an anti-platelet drug and for the unmet medical needs of cardiovascular diseases[2].
MRS2578 is a potent P2Y6 receptor antagonist with IC50 of 37 nM, exhibits insignificant activity at P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4,and P2Y11 receptors.IC50 value: 37 nM [1]Target: P2Y6 receptorin vitro: MRS2578 selectively blocks P2Y6 receptor activity versus activity at P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4 or P2Y11 receptors. MRS2578 (1 μM) completely blocks the protection by UDP undergoing TNFalpha-induced apoptosis in 1321N1 astrocytoma cells [1]. MRS 2578 inhibits basal NF-κB activity in time and dose dependent manner in HMEC-1 cells transfected with 0.25 μg NF-κB promoter reporter. MRS 2578 (10 μM) completely abolishes TNF-α induced NF-κB reporter activity in HMEC-1 cells. MRS 2578 (10 μM) significant reduces TNF-α–induced proinflammatory gene expression in HMEC-1 cells [2]. MRS2578-treated mice shows reduced bronchial hyperresponsiveness toward methacholine in OVA-sensitized mice. MRS2578 completely blocks UDP-induced the release of IL-6, KC, and IL-8 in lung epithelial cells [3]. in vivo: MRS 2578 (10 μM) attenuates Keratinocyte-derived chemokine serum protein levels in LPS-induced vascular inflammation in C57BL/6 mice [2]. MRS2578 (10 μM, intratracheally) reduces BALF eosinophilia and the levels of IL-5 and IL-13 in the BALF in OVA-sensitized mice and leads to a markedly attenuated change in methacholine responsiveness after OVA challenge. MRS2578 (10 μM, intratracheally) inhibits house dust mite–induced allergic airway inflammation in OVA-sensitized mice. MRS2578 (10 μM, intratracheally) reduces of IL-6 and KC levels in BALF in OVA-sensitized mice [4].
UDP-Galactose is a monosaccharide involved in nucleotide sugar metabolism. UDP-Galactose and its derivatives act as a natural agonist for Gi protein-conjugated P2Y14 receptors in the immune system (IC50=0.67 μM, hP2Y14)[1].
Denufosol tetrasodium (INS37217) is a long-acting P2Y2 receptor agonist, which exhibits an EC50 of ~10 μM for P2Y2 receptor activation[1].
2-Methylthio-AMP (2-MeSAMP) is a selective and direct P2Y12 antagonist. 2-Methylthio-AMP is an inhibitor of ADP-dependent platelet aggregation[1][2][3].
AZD1283 is a potent antagonist of the P2Y12 receptor with EC50 of 3.0 ug/kg/min, TI >10; with binding IC50 of 11 nM.IC50 value: 3.0 ug/kg/min(EC50) [1]Target: P2Y12 receptor inhibitorAZD1283 dose-dependently induced increases in blood flow and inhibition of ADP-induced platelet aggregation with antithrombotic ED50 values of 3.0 and 10 μg/kg/min, respectively. The doses that induced a larger than 3-foldincrease in bleeding time were 33 and 100 μg/kg/min for 3 and 13, respectively. Thus, the therapeutic index (TI) was ≥10 forboth compounds. On the basis of these data, compound 3 was progressed into human clinical trials as candidate drug AZD1283.