1,4-Naphthoquinone-d6 is the deuterium labeled 1,4-Naphthoquinone[1]. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is a potential pharmacophore for inhibition of both MAO (monoamine oxidase) and DNA topoisomerase activities, this latter associated with antitumor activity[2].
β-Endorphin, human, a prominent endogenous peptide, existing in the hypophysis cerebri and hypothalamus, is an agonist of opioid receptor, with preferred affinity for μ-opioid receptor and δ-opioid receptor; β-Endorphin, human exhibits antinociception activity.
M4 mAChR agonist-1 (compound 10a) is a potent M4 mAChR agonist with an EC50 >10 μM for human M4[1].
pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same and the use of the same for treatment of diseases or disorders wherein depletion of serum amyloid P component (SAP) would be beneficial, including amyloidosis, Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoarthritis.
CDD0102 is a potent M1 Muscarinic receptor agonist.
Loxapine hydrochloride is an orally active dopamine inhibitor, 5-HT receptor antagonist and also a dibenzoxazepine anti-psychotic agent[1][4].
L-Hyoscyamine sulfate (Daturine sulfate) is a tropane alkaloid that is a secondary metabolite found in certain plants of the solanaceae family. In vitro it has been shown to be an antagonist of mAChR[1].
Piperilate (Pipethanate) is one of the mixtures of hetrazepine derivative PAF antagonists with anticholinergics, can be used for bronchial asthma research. Piperilate also causes hypotension and rescues mice poisoned by the organophosphates[1][2][3].
Biphalin TFA, a BBB-penetrable opioid peptide analog, contains two active enkephalin pharmacophores. Biphalin TFA has high affinity for opioid receptors. Biphalin TFA shows analgesic effect in acute, neuropathic, and chronic animal pain models. Biphalin TFA is also an antiviral, antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective agent[1].
Dianicline is a α4β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, a class of drugs that includes varenicline and cytisine for smoking cessation. Dianicline increases cessation rates in a dose-dependent manner[1].
L-DOPA (Levodopa) sodium is an orally active metabolic precursor of neurotransmitters dopamine. L-DOPA sodium can cross the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine in the brain. L-DOPA sodium has anti-allodynic effects, and can be used for Parkinson's disease research[1][2][3].
Vanoxerine dihydrochloride is a potent and selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor.
Sulamserod is a 5-HT4 receptor antagonist, with antiarrhythmic activities.
A potent, selective choline kinase α (ChoKα) inhibitor with IC50 of 0.12 uM, >400-fold selectivity over ChoKβ; demonstrates in vitro antiproliferative activity against HT29 cells with IC50 of 2.08 uM.
Arecaidine hydrochloride, a pyridine alkaloid, is a potent GABA uptake inhibitor. Arecaidine hydrochloride is a substrate of H+-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (PAT1, SLC36A1) and competitively inhibits L-proline uptake[1][2].
Orphanin FQ(1-11), a orphanin FQ or nociceptin (OFQ/N) fragment, is a potent NOP receptor (ORL-1; OP4) agonist, with a Ki of 55 nM. Orphanin FQ(1-11) has no affinity for μ, δ, κ1 and κ3 receptors (Ki>1000 nM). Orphanin FQ(1-11) is analgesic in CD-1 mice[1][2].
Naltrindole hydrochloride is a highly potent and selective non-peptide δ opioid receptor antagonist with a Ki of 0.02 nM.
Fmoc-L-Val-OH-13C5,15N is a 15N-labeled and 13C-labled Pirimicarb. Pirimicarb is a fast-acting selective carbamate insecticide on a wide range of crops including cereals, sugar beet, potatoes, fruits and vegetables. Pirimicarb is an AChE inhibitor and an
CP-135807 is an orally active and selective 5-HT1D agonist (IC50=3.1 nM), bovine). CP-135807 mediates central psychoactivity and can be used in antidepressant research[1][2].
Tampramine fumarate is a potent, selective, noncompetitive NE reuptake inhibitor. Tampramine fumarate has antidepressant activity. Tampramine fumarate can be used in research of depression[1].
F13714 fumarate, a selective 5-HT1A receptor biased agonist, shows antidepressant-like properties after a single administration in the mouse model of chronic mild stress[1].
Cytisine is an alkaloid that occurs naturally in several plant genera, such as Laburnum and Cytisus. Cytisine is a partial agonist of α4β2 nAChRs[1], and partial to full agonist at β4 containing receptors and α7 receptors[2]. has been used medically to help with smoking cessation[3].
Eltoprazine (DU 28853) dihydrochloride is a 5-HT1A/5-HT1B receptors agonist and a 5-HT2C receptor antagonist. Eltoprazine dihydrochloride shows antiaggressive and anxiogenic effects[1][2].
SB-612111 hydrochloride is a novel and potent human opiate receptor-like orphan receptor (ORL-1) antagonist with a high affinity for hORL-1 (Ki=0.33 nM). SB-612111 hydrochloride exhibits selectivity for μ-, κ- and δ-receptors with Ki values of 57.6 nM, 160.5 nM and 2109 nM, respecticely. SB-612111 hydrochloride effectively antagonizes the pronociceptive action of Nociceptin (HY-P0183) in an acute pain model[1].
BZAD-01 is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of NMDA NR2B subunit, with a Ki of 72 nM. BZAD-01 can improve postural asymmetry as well as Apomorphine-induced rotation[1].
Ropinirole hydrochloride(SKF101468 hydrochloride) a selective dopamine D2 receptor inhibitor with IC50 of 29 nM.Target: Dopamine D2 ReceptorRopinirole (50 mg/kg, i.p.) causes biphasic spontaneous locomotor activity in mice. Ropinirole (0.05-1.0 mg/kg SC) dose-dependently inhibits the dyskinesias induced by 2-di-n-propylamino-5,6-di-hydroxytetralin in mice. Ropirtirole, at doses of 1 and 10 μg, injected unilaterally directly into the striatum of the rat causes marked, contralateral (away from the side of injection) asymmetry and circling in mice. Ropinirole (0.05-1.0 mg/kg SC or 0.1 mg/kg PO) reverses all motor and behavioural deficits induced by MPTP in marmosets [1]. Ropinirole (2 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days increases GSH, catalase and SOD activities in the striatum and protected striatal dopaminergic neurons against 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in mice [2]. Ropinirole (0.2 mg/kg, i.p.) improves the use of previously akinetic forelimb and produced robust circling behavior in lesioned rats with striatal over-expression of both D2R and D3R compared to lesioned animals that received blank vector. The subtherapeutic dose of ropinirole generates only modest motor effects in lesioned rats with sole over-expression of D2R or D3R [3]. Ropinirole (1-8 mg t.i.d.) is rapidly and completely absorbed with oral bioavailability of 55%, clearance of 780 mL/min, elimination half-life of 6 hours in healthy volunteer. Since the major route of elimination for Ropinirole is by the CYP enzyme system, mainly by CYP1A2 and also by CYP3A4, inhibition of the former and possibly the latter may reduce the agent's clearance and lead to drug accumulation [4].
Tau-aggregation-IN-1 (Compound D-519) is a tau441 protein aggregation inhibitor with an IC50 of 21 µM. Tau-aggregation-IN-1 is also a dopamine D2 and D3 receptor agonist[1].
Vofopitant dihydrochloride (GR 205171A) is a potent, selective and orally available tachykinin neurokinin 1(NK1) receptor antagonist, inhibits [3H]SP binding to the NK1 receptor with pKi values of 9.5 and 10.6 in rat and human membranes respectively, acts as a potential broad-spectrum anti-emetic agent[1].
mAChR-IN-1 hydrochloride is a potent muscarinic cholinergic receptor (mAChR) antagonist, with an IC50 of 17 nM[1].
Pramipexole (N-Propyl-3,3,3-d3) dihydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Pramipexole. Pramipexole is a selective and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant dopamine D2-type receptor agonist, with Kis of 2.2 nM, 3.9 nM, 0.5 nM and 1.3 nM for D2-type receptor, D2, D3 and D4 receptors, respectively. Pramipexole can be used for the research of Parkinson's disease (PD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS)[1][2][3].