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312-45-8

312-45-8 structure
312-45-8 structure
  • Name: Hemicholinium 3
  • Chemical Name: 2-[4-[4-(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium-2-yl)phenyl]phenyl]-4,4-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium-2-ol,dibromide
  • CAS Number: 312-45-8
  • Molecular Formula: C24H34Br2N2O4
  • Molecular Weight: 574.35
  • Catalog: Signaling Pathways Neuronal Signaling AChE
  • Create Date: 2018-04-01 08:00:00
  • Modify Date: 2025-08-23 12:05:29
  • Hemicholinium 3 is a competitive inhibitor of the high affinity choline transporter (HACU) with a Ki value of 25 nM. Hemicholinium 3, a neuromuscular blocking agent which inhibits the synthesis and the release of acetylcholine (ACh)[1]. Hemicholinium 3 inhibits the Epibatidine-evoked contraction and [3H]acetylcholine release with IC50s of 897 nM and 693 nM, respectively[2].
Name 2-[4-[4-(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium-2-yl)phenyl]phenyl]-4,4-dimethylmorpholin-4-ium-2-ol,dibromide
Synonyms Hemicholinium dibromide
HC-3
HEMICHOLINIUM 3
EINECS 206-227-3
Hemicholinium 3 dibromide
Hemicholinium bromide
Hemicholinium-3 bromide
Hemicholinium-3
MFCD00011978
hemicholinium
Hemicholine
Description Hemicholinium 3 is a competitive inhibitor of the high affinity choline transporter (HACU) with a Ki value of 25 nM. Hemicholinium 3, a neuromuscular blocking agent which inhibits the synthesis and the release of acetylcholine (ACh)[1]. Hemicholinium 3 inhibits the Epibatidine-evoked contraction and [3H]acetylcholine release with IC50s of 897 nM and 693 nM, respectively[2].
Related Catalog
In Vitro Hemicholinium 3 (HC-3) inhibits the presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors of myenteric neurons. HC-3 inhibits nAChRs located on the terminal region of myenteric neurons of guinea-pig longitudinal muscle strip preparation[2]. Hemicholinium 3 (HC-3) inhibits[3H]choline uptake with the Ki value of 13.3 μM in NCI-H69 cells[3]. HC-3 (1 mM) significantly inhibits cell viability and increases caspase-3/7 activity in NCI-H69 cells[3]. Hemicholinium 3 (Hemicholinium-3) inhibits sodium dependent high affinity choline uptake (IC50=18 nM)[4]. In vivo： Cell Viability Assay[3] Cell Line: The human small cell lung carcinoma cell line NCI-H69 Concentration: 1 mM Incubation Time: Added every day for 2 days. Result: Markedly inhibited cell viability.
In Vivo Hemicholinium-3 impairs spatial learning. HC-3 (2.5, 5.0 μg/rat/ICV; 1 h before training) dose dependently impairs spatial learning[5].
References

[1]. PATRICE GUYENET, et al. Inhibition by Hemicholinium-3 of [14C] Acetylcholine Synthesis and [3H] Choline High-Affinity Uptake in Rat Striatal Synaptosomes.Molecular Pharmacology September 1973, 9 (5) 630-639.

[2]. Péter Mandl, et al. Inhibitory effect of hemicholinium-3 on presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors located on the terminal region of myenteric motoneurons. Neurochem Int. 2006 Sep;49(4):327-33.

[3]. Masato Inazu, et al. Functional expression of choline transporter-like protein 1 (CTL1) in small cell lung carcinoma cells: a target molecule for lung cancer therapy. Pharmacol Res. 2013 Oct;76:119-31.

[4]. T K Chatterjee, et al. Methylpiperidine analog of hemicholinium-3: a selective, high affinity non-competitive inhibitor of sodium dependent choline uptake system. Eur J Pharmacol. 1988 May 10;149(3):241-8.

[5]. J J Hagan, et al. Hemicholinium-3 impairs spatial learning and the deficit is reversed by cholinomimetics. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;98(3):347-56.
Melting Point 180 °C
Molecular Formula C24H34Br2N2O4
Molecular Weight 574.35
Exact Mass 572.08900
PSA 58.92000

CHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION

RTECS NUMBER :
QF2450000
CHEMICAL NAME :
Morpholinium, 2,2'-(4,4'-biphenylylene)bis(2-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-, dibromide
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER :
312-45-8
LAST UPDATED :
199701
DATA ITEMS CITED :
11
MOLECULAR FORMULA :
C24-H34-N2-O4.2Br
MOLECULAR WEIGHT :
574.42
WISWESSER LINE NOTATION :
T6K DOTJ A1 A1 CQ CR DR D- CT6K DOTJ A1 A1 CQ &Q 2 &E

HEALTH HAZARD DATA

ACUTE TOXICITY DATA

TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
160 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
EJPHAZ European Journal of Pharmacology. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,145,1975
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rat
DOSE/DURATION :
450 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IRNEAE International Review of Neurobiology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,77,1960
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
46 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - convulsions or effect on seizure threshold Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - dyspnea
REFERENCE :
EJPHAZ European Journal of Pharmacology. (Elsevier Science Pub. B.V., POB 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, Netherlands) V.1- 1967- Volume(issue)/page/year: 33,145,1975
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Subcutaneous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
150 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Tumorigenic - active as anti-cancer agent
REFERENCE :
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 152,253,1964
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
80 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
TXAPA9 Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 27,666,1974
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Unreported
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - mouse
DOSE/DURATION :
15 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IRNEAE International Review of Neurobiology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,77,1960
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - dog
DOSE/DURATION :
750 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
JMPCAS Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. (Washington, DC) V.1-5, 1959-62. For publisher information, see JMCMAR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,505,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Mammal - cat
DOSE/DURATION :
300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Behavioral - changes in motor activity (specific assay) Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
JMPCAS Journal of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. (Washington, DC) V.1-5, 1959-62. For publisher information, see JMCMAR. Volume(issue)/page/year: 4,505,1961
TYPE OF TEST :
LD50 - Lethal dose, 50 percent kill
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intravenous
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - rabbit
DOSE/DURATION :
250 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Peripheral Nerve and Sensation - flaccid paralysis without anesthesia (usually neuromuscular blockage) Behavioral - tremor Lungs, Thorax, or Respiration - respiratory depression
REFERENCE :
AIPTAK Archives Internationales de Pharmacodynamie et de Therapie. (Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, De Pintelaan 185, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium) V.4- 1898- Volume(issue)/page/year: 119,20,1959
TYPE OF TEST :
LDLo - Lowest published lethal dose
ROUTE OF EXPOSURE :
Intraperitoneal
SPECIES OBSERVED :
Rodent - guinea pig
DOSE/DURATION :
300 ug/kg
TOXIC EFFECTS :
Details of toxic effects not reported other than lethal dose value
REFERENCE :
IRNEAE International Review of Neurobiology. (Academic Press, Inc., 1 E. First St., Duluth, MN 55802) V.1- 1959- Volume(issue)/page/year: 2,77,1960
Symbol GHS06
GHS06
Signal Word Danger
Hazard Statements H301 + H311 + H331-H315-H319-H335
Precautionary Statements P261-P280-P301 + P310-P305 + P351 + P338-P311
Personal Protective Equipment Eyeshields;Faceshields;Gloves;type P2 (EN 143) respirator cartridges
Hazard Codes T: Toxic;
Risk Phrases 23/24/25-36/37/38
Safety Phrases S26;S45;S36/S37/S39
RIDADR UN 2811 6.1/PG 2
RTECS QF2450000
Packaging Group III
Hazard Class 6.1(b)
Precursor  2

DownStream  0

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