Stem cells are required for continuous tissue maintenance within diverse organs, stem cell activity is often externally dictated by the microenvironment (the niche) so that stem cell output is precisely shaped to meet homeostatic needs or regenerative demands. Several key signaling pathways have been shown to play essential roles in this regulatory capacity. Specifically, the JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, Smad, PI3K/phosphatase and tensin homolog, and NK-κB signaling pathways have all been shown experimentally to mediate various stem cell properties, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation.

Recent studies mainly focus on cancer stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, neural stem cell and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, growth, and recurrence. Numerous agents have been developed to specifically target CSCs by suppressing the expression of pluripotency maintaining factors Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, and c-Myc and transcription of GLI. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells, and a self-renewing resource, and scientists can experiment with an unlimited number of pluripotent cells to perfect the process of targeted differentiation, transplantation, and more, for personalized medicine. Novel pathological mechanisms have been elucidated, new drugs originating from iPSC screens are in the pipeline and the first clinical trial using human iPSC-derived products has been initiated.

References:
[1] Clevers H, et al. Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):1248012.
[2] Matsui WH. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Sep;95(1 Suppl 1):S8-S19.
[3] Koury J, et al. Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:2925869.
[4] Garg A, et al. Cells. 2017 Feb 2;6(1). doi: 10.3390/cells6010004.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
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Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
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GPCR/G Protein >
5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase Adiponectin Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor GHSR Glucagon Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor GNRH Receptor GPCR19 GPR109A GPR119 GPR120 GPR139 GPR40 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Ras RGS Protein Sigma Receptor Somatostatin Receptor TSH Receptor Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Melanocortin Receptor
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JAK/STAT Signaling >
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ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
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ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
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Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
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VD/VDR
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MRT00033659

MRT00033659 is a potent broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor of CK1 (IC50=0.9 µM for CK1δ) and CHK1 (IC50=0.23 µM). MRT00033659, a pyrazolo-pyridine analogue, induces p53 pathway activation and E2F-1 destabilisation[1].

  • CAS Number: 1401731-54-1
  • MF: C15H14N4O
  • MW: 266.30
  • Catalog: MDM-2/p53
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

JAK3/BTK-IN-3

JAK3/BTK-IN-3 is a potent inhibitor of JAK3/BTK. BTK and JAK3 are two important targets for autoimmune diseases. Simultaneous inhibition of the BTK/JAK3 signalling pathway exhibits synergistic effects. JAK3/BTK-IN-3 has the potential for the research of JAK3 kinase and/or BTK-related diseases (extracted from patent WO2021147952A1, compound 009)[1]

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LRRK2-IN-8

LRRK2-IN-8 is a LRRK2 inhibitor. LRRK2-IN-8 inhibits LRRK2 (wt) and LRRK2 (G2019) with IC50s lower than 10 nM, and inhibits TYK2 and NUAK1 with IC50s of 10-100 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 2770269-44-6
  • MF: C16H12F2N6
  • MW: 326.30
  • Catalog: LRRK2
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SEN461

SEN461 is a wnt inhibitor.

  • CAS Number: 1287727-28-9
  • MF: C25H34N4O6
  • MW: 486.56
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Synaptamide

Synaptamide is a potent mediator for neurogenic differentiation of NSCs acting through PKA/CREB activation.Target: in vitro: Synaptamide inhibits forskolin-mediated cAMP production (IC50 =6 μM) in CHO-HCR cells. Synaptamide decreases the viability of the LNCaP and PC3 prostate cancer cell lines (IC50=120-130 μM) grown in media containing 10% fetal bovine serum. [1] Synaptamide is an endogenous DHA metabolite with endocannabinoid-like structure, promotes neurite growth, synaptogenesis and synaptic function. Synaptamide potently induces neuronal differentiation of NSCs. Treatment of NSCs with Synaptamide at low nanomolar concentrations significantly increased the number of MAP2 and Tuj-1 positive neurons with concomitant induction of PKA/CREB phosphorylation. [2]

  • CAS Number: 162758-94-3
  • MF: C24H37NO2
  • MW: 371.556
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 544.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 283.3±30.1 °C

Fluticasone

Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for respiratory diseases[1]. Fluticasone is a Smo agonist s with a IC50 value of 99 nM. Fluticasone activate Hedgehog signaling and promotes the proliferation of primary neuronal stem/precursor cells[2].

  • CAS Number: 90566-53-3
  • MF: C25H31F3O5S
  • MW: 500.571
  • Catalog: Glucocorticoid Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 568.3±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: -18.1ºC
  • Flash Point: 297.5±30.1 °C

cerdulatinib

Cerdulatinib (PRT062070) is a dual JAK and SYK inhibitor with IC50s of 12, 6, 8 and 32 for JAK1, 2, 3 and SYK, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1198300-79-6
  • MF: C20H27N7O3S
  • MW: 445.539
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 741.9±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 402.5±35.7 °C

VP3.15

VP3.15 is a potent, orally bioavailable and CNS-penetrant dual phosphodiesterase (PDE)7- glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.59 μM and 0.88 μM for PDE7 and GSK-3, respectively. VP3.15 has neuroprotective and neuroreparative activities, thus as potential combined anti-inflammatory and pro-remyelinating therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1281681-54-6
  • MF: C20H22N4OS
  • MW: 366.48
  • Catalog: Phosphodiesterase (PDE)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

YW1128

YW1128 is an inhibitor of Wnt/��-catenin signaling with an IC50 value of 4.1 nM in a reporter assay.

  • CAS Number: 2131223-64-6
  • MF: C20H17N5O
  • MW: 343.382
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PF-06700841

PF-06700841 is a dual JAK1 and TYK2 inhibitor with IC50s of 17 and 23 nM, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 1883299-62-4
  • MF: C18H21F2N7O
  • MW: 389.40
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FLLL32

FLLL32 is a STAT3 inhibitor derived from the natural product curcumin. FLLL32 retains the cellular response to cytokines with anti-tumor activity[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CK2-IN-4

CK2-IN-4 (compound 5) is a protein kinase (CK2) inhibitor (IC50=8.6 µM). CK2-IN-4 has good potential for research in the areas of cancer, viral infections and glomerulonephritis[1].

  • CAS Number: 313985-59-0
  • MF: C18H11N3O4S
  • MW: 365.36264
  • Catalog: Casein Kinase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Enoticumab

Enoticumab (REGN421, SAR153192) is an IgG1κ antibody targeting human Dll4. DLL4 is a ligand of the Notch signaling pathway and regulates fatty acid uptake through non-transcriptional regulation of macropinocytosis-dependent long-chain fatty acid uptake. Specific in vivo activity of Enoticumab in an ovarian xenograft model. EGN421 (2.5 mg/kg once weekly) resulted in 86% and 83% tumor growth inhibition in mouse subcutaneous TOV-112D or intraperitoneal A2780 human tumor xenograft models, respectively[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

JAK/HDAC-IN-1

JAK/HDAC-IN-1 is a potent JAK2/HDAC dual inhibitor, exhibits antiproliferative and proapoptotic activities in several hematological cell lines. JAK/HDAC-IN-1 shows IC50s of 4 and 2 nM for JAK2 and HDAC, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 2284621-75-4
  • MF: C19H21Cl2N7O2
  • MW: 450.32
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ROCK-IN-5

ROCK-IN-5 (compound I-B-37) is a potent inhibitor of ROCK, ERK, GSK, and AGC protein kinases. ROCK-IN-5 has the potential for proliferative, cardiac and neurodegenerative diseases research[1].

  • CAS Number: 692870-25-0
  • MF: C16H11ClFN3OS
  • MW: 347.79
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AR-13324 (hydrochloride)

Netarsudil hydrochloride is a ROCK, and norepinephrine transporter inhibitor. Target: ROCKin vitro: AR-13324 is a small-molecule inhibitor of Rho kinase and a norepinephrine transporter; reduces intraocular pressure (IOP) in normotensive monkey eyes.[1] AR-13324 is a small-molecule inhibitor of Rho kinase and a norepinephrine transporter.[2]in vivo: AR-13324 produces statistically significant lowering of episcleral venous pressure (EVP) in Dutch Belted (DB) rabbits. [3]

  • CAS Number: 1253952-02-1
  • MF: C28H29Cl2N3O3
  • MW: 526.454
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Gsk270822a

GSK270822A is a selective ROCK1 inhibitor. GSK270822A exhibits IC50 of 9nM, 1100nM, 1550nM for ROCK1, RSK1, p70S6K, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 864082-23-5
  • MF: C24H20N4O2
  • MW: 396.44
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PM-81I

PM-81I is a potent STAT6 inhibitor (targeting the SH2 structural domain) that effectively reduces STAT6 phosphorylation levels. PM-81I can be used in studies of allergic lung disease, allergic rhinitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 1637532-83-2
  • MF: C43H58F2N3O10P
  • MW: 845.91
  • Catalog: STAT
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ALLO-2

ALLO-2 is a potent drug-resistant Smoothened (Smo) mutant antagonist that inhibits Smo agonist Hh-Ag1.5-induced luciferase expression in TM3-Gli-Luc cells with IC50 of 6 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1357350-60-7
  • MF: C18H12F3N5O
  • MW: 371.32
  • Catalog: Smo
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Lidocaine HCl

Lidocaine hydrochloride hydrate (Lignocaine hydrochloride hydrate) inhibits sodium channels involving complex voltage and using dependence. Lidocaine hydrochloride hydrate decreases growth, migration and invasion of gastric carcinoma cells via up-regulating miR-145 expression and further inactivation of MEK/ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways. Lidocaine hydrochloride hydrate is an amide derivative and has potential for the research of ventricular arrhythmia[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 6108-05-0
  • MF: C14H25ClN2O2
  • MW: 288.814
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 350.8ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 68.5ºC
  • Flash Point: 166ºC

DEL 22379

DEL-22379 is an ERK dimerization Inhibitor. DEL-22379 readily binds to ERK2 with a Kd estimated in the low micromolar range, though binding is detectable even at low nanomolar concentrations. ERK2 dimerization is progressively inhibited with an IC50 of ~0.5 μM.

  • CAS Number: 181223-80-3
  • MF: C26H28N4O3
  • MW: 444.526
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 763.9±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 415.8±32.9 °C

AX 15836

AX-15836 is a potent and selective ERK5 inhibitor with an IC50 of 8 nM.

  • CAS Number: 2035509-96-5
  • MF: C32H40N8O5S
  • MW: 648.78
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Jervine

Jervine(11-Ketocyclopamine) is a naturally occuring steroidal alkaloid that causes cyclopia by blocking sonic hedgehog(Shh) signaling; Jervine is an inhibitor of Smo.IC50 value:Target: sonic hedgehog is derived from the Veratrum plant species. It is a close structural analog of cyclopamine which specifically inhibits the hedgehog (Hh) pathway by interaction with the hedgehog signaling protein Smo. Jervine can be used to induce abnormal morphogenesis in a number of experimental models. Jervine is an inhibitor of Smo.

  • CAS Number: 469-59-0
  • MF: C27H39NO3
  • MW: 425.603
  • Catalog: Hedgehog
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 592.0±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 242- 244ºC
  • Flash Point: 311.8±30.1 °C

Salviolone

Salviolone is a natural diterpenoid derivative that can against melanoma cells. Salviolone exhibits a pleiotropic effect against melanoma by hampering cell cycle progression, STAT3 signaling, and malignant phenotype of A375 melanoma cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 119400-86-1
  • MF: C18H20O2
  • MW: 268.35000
  • Catalog: STAT
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

(2E)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enal

2-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde is a phenylpropanoid that can be isolated from the bark of Cinnamomum cassia. 2-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde inhibits Wnt/β-catenin, STAT3 signaling. 2-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde induces cell apoptosis 2-Hydroxycinnamaldehyde has antitumor and anti-inflammation activities[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 3541-42-2
  • MF: C9H8O2
  • MW: 148.16
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 311.3±17.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 126ºC
  • Flash Point: 131.8±13.5 °C

BMS-986115

Notch inhibitor 1 is a potent Notch inhibitor, with IC50s of 7.8 and 8.5 nM for Notch 1 and Notch 3, respectively. Used in the research of cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 1584647-27-7
  • MF: C26H25F7N4O3
  • MW: 574.49
  • Catalog: Notch
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tenuifoliside A

Tenuifoliside A is isolated from Polygala tenuifolia, has anti-apoptotic and antidepressant-like effects. Tenuifoliside A exhibits its neneurotrophic effects and promotes cell proliferation through the ERK/CREB/BDNF signal pathway in C6 cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 139726-35-5
  • MF: C31H38O17
  • MW: 682.623
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 917.3±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 291.4±27.8 °C

TC-S 7001

Azaindole 1 is a highly potent inhibitor of human ROCK-1 and ROCK-2, with IC50s of 0.6 and 1.1 nM, respectively, and also inhibits murine ROCK-2 or rat ROCK-2 with IC50s of 2.4 and 0.8 nM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 867017-68-3
  • MF: C18H13ClF2N6O
  • MW: 402.78500
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: 1.61
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MEK1 Derived Peptide Inhibitor 1

MEK1 Derived Peptide Inhibitor 1 is a peptide inhibitor. MEK1 Derived Peptide Inhibitor 1 can inhibit the in vitro activation of ERK2 by MEK1 with an IC50 value of 30 μM. MEK1 Derived Peptide Inhibitor 1 can be used for the research of cell-permeable[1].

  • CAS Number: 355367-87-2
  • MF: C68H118N18O17S
  • MW: 1491.84
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Trabedersen

Trabedersen (AP 12009) is an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide that specifically inhibits TGF-β2 (TGF-beta/Smad). Trabedersen can be used for the study of malignant brain tumors and other solid tumors overexpressing TGF-β2, such as those of the skin, pancreas and colon[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 925681-61-4
  • MF:
  • MW: 5770.75
  • Catalog: TGF-beta/Smad
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A