G Protein Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) perceive many extracellular signals and transduce them to heterotrimeric G proteins, which further transduce these signals intracellular to appropriate downstream effectors and thereby play an important role in various signaling pathways. G proteins are specialized proteins with the ability to bind the nucleotides guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and guanosine diphosphate (GDP). In unstimulated cells, the state of G alpha is defined by its interaction with GDP, G beta-gamma, and a GPCR. Upon receptor stimulation by a ligand, G alpha dissociates from the receptor and G beta-gamma, and GTP is exchanged for the bound GDP, which leads to G alpha activation. G alpha then goes on to activate other molecules in the cell. These effects include activating the MAPK and PI3K pathways, as well as inhibition of the Na+/H+ exchanger in the plasma membrane, and the lowering of intracellular Ca2+ levels.

Most human GPCRs can be grouped into five main families named; Glutamate, Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Frizzled/Taste2, and Secretin, forming the GRAFS classification system.

A series of studies showed that aberrant GPCR Signaling including those for GPCR-PCa, PSGR2, CaSR, GPR30, and GPR39 are associated with tumorigenesis or metastasis, thus interfering with these receptors and their downstream targets might provide an opportunity for the development of new strategies for cancer diagnosis, prevention and treatment. At present, modulators of GPCRs form a key area for the pharmaceutical industry, representing approximately 27% of all FDA-approved drugs.

References:
[1] Moreira IS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2014 Jan;1840(1):16-33.
[2] Tuteja N. Plant Signal Behav. 2009 Oct;4(10):942-7.
[3] Williams C, et al. Methods Mol Biol. 2009;552:39-50.
[4] Schiöth HB, et al. Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2005 May 15;142(1-2):94-101.
[5] Wu J, et al. Cancer Genomics Proteomics. 2012 Jan;9(1):37-50.


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Vilazodone Hydrochloride

Vilazodone Hydrochloride is a serotonin transporter (SER) inhibitor and 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist.

  • CAS Number: 163521-08-2
  • MF: C26H28ClN5O2
  • MW: 477.98600
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 745.1ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 279°C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 404.4ºC

Methylophiopogonanone B

Methylophiopogonanone B, homoisoflavonoid, is extracted from the root of Ophiopogon japonicas, shows high antioxidant ability[1]. Methylophiopogonanone B increases GTP-Rho and acts via the Rho signaling pathway, inducing cell morphological change via actin cytoskeletal reorganization, including dendrite retraction and stress fiber formation[2].

  • CAS Number: 74805-91-7
  • MF: C19H20O5
  • MW: 328.359
  • Catalog: Ras
  • Density: 1.285
  • Boiling Point: 554.5±49.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 201.5±23.3 °C

BMS-986141

BMS-98614 is an orally active, selective thrombin receptor protease-activated receptor-4 (PAR-4) antagonist with an IC50 value of 0.4 nM. BMS-98614 has excellent antithrombotic effect[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1478711-48-6
  • MF: C27H23N5O5S2
  • MW: 561.63
  • Catalog: Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

(+)-Igmesine hydrochloride

(+)-Igmesine hydrochloride (JO1784) is an orally active and selective σ receptor ligand with neuroprotective and anti-amnesic activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 130152-35-1
  • MF: C23H30ClN
  • MW: 355.94
  • Catalog: Sigma Receptor
  • Density: 1.027g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 445.1ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 196.9ºC

Cerlapirdine

Cerlapirdine (SAM-531, PF-05212365) is a selective and potent full antagonist of the 5-hydroxytryptamine 6 (5-HT6) receptor. Cerlapirdine has the potential for researching the Alzheimer's disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 925448-93-7
  • MF: C22H23N3O3S
  • MW: 409.50100
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

SR 58611A hydrochloride

Amibegron hydrochloride is a selective β3-adrenoceptor agonist, with an EC50 of 3.5 nM for β-adrenoceptor in rat colon; Amibegron hydrochloride has anxiolytic and antidepressant activity.

  • CAS Number: 121524-09-2
  • MF: C22H27Cl2NO4
  • MW: 440.36000
  • Catalog: Adrenergic Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 576ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 302.2ºC

Irdabisant hydrochloride

Irdabisant (CEP-26401) hydrochloride is a selective, orally active and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetrant histamine H3 receptor (H3R) inverse agonist/inverse agonist with Ki values of 7.2 nM and 2.0 nM for rat H3R and human H3R, respectively. Irdabisant hydrochloride has relatively low inhibitory activity against hERG current with an IC50 of 13.8 μM. Irdabisant hydrochloride has cognition-enhancing and wake-promoting activities in the rat social recognition model. Irdabisant hydrochloride can be used to research schizophrenia or cognitive impairment[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1005398-61-7
  • MF: C18H24ClN3O2
  • MW: 349.85500
  • Catalog: Histamine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Novokinin

Novokinin is a peptide agonist of the angiotensin AT2 receptor[1].

  • CAS Number: 358738-77-9
  • MF: C39H61N11O7
  • MW: 795.97100
  • Catalog: Angiotensin Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

15-keto Prostaglandin E2

15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 is an endogenous metabolite. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 inhibits STAT3 activation by binding to its Cys259 residue. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 can bind and stabilize EP2 and EP4 receptor. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 inhibits breast cancer cell growth and progression. 15-keto-Prostaglandin E2 activates PPAR-γ and promotes fungal growth[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 26441-05-4
  • MF: C20H30O5
  • MW: 350.45
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 534.4±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 291.1±26.6 °C

Esmolol hydrochloride

Esmolol Hydrochloride is a beta adrenergic receptor blocker.Target: Adrenergic receptorEsmolol Hydrochloride is the hydrochloride salt form of Esmolol, a short and rapid-acting beta adrenergic antagonist belonging to the class II anti-arrhythmic drugs and devoid of intrinsic sympathomimetic activity. Esmolol hydrochloride competitively blocks beta-1 adrenergic receptors in cardiac muscle and reduces the contractility and cardiac rate of heart muscle, thereby decreasing cardiac output and myocardial oxygen demands. This agent also decreases sympathetic output centrally and blocks renin secretion. At higher doses, Esmolol hydrochloride also blocks beta-2 receptors located in bronchial and vascular smooth muscle, thereby leading to smooth muscle relaxation.

  • CAS Number: 81161-17-3
  • MF: C16H26ClNO4
  • MW: 331.835
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.026
  • Boiling Point: 430.2ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 48-50ºC
  • Flash Point: 214ºC

Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 TFA

Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 is a potent and selective partial agonist for the nociceptin receptor (NOP), [3H]Ac-RYYRWK-NH2 binds to rat cortical membranes ORL1 with a Kd of 0.071 nM, but has no affinity for µ-, κ- or δ-opioid receptors[1].

  • CAS Number: 408305-09-9
  • MF: C51H70F3N15O11
  • MW: 1126.19
  • Catalog: Opioid Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

bradykinin, Phe(8)-psi-CH2NH-Arg(9)-

[Phe8Ψ(CH-NH)Arg9]-Bradykinin is a selective Bradykinin receptor B2 agonist (not cleaved by protein kinase I/II). [Phe8Ψ(CH-NH)Arg9]-Bradykinin has potential for the research of hypertension[1].

  • CAS Number: 118122-39-7
  • MF: C50H75N15O10
  • MW: 1046.23
  • Catalog: Bradykinin Receptor
  • Density: 1.46g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

DexChlorpheniramine Maleate

Dexchlorpheniramine maleate is an antihistamine, with anticholinergic properties, used to treat allergic conditions.

  • CAS Number: 2438-32-6
  • MF: C20H23ClN2O4
  • MW: 390.86100
  • Catalog: Histamine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 379ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 112-115ºC(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 183ºC

SB-649701

SB-649701 is a potent human CCR8 antagonist, with a pIC50 of 7.7. AZ084 can be used for the research of asthma[1].

  • CAS Number: 935262-95-6
  • MF: C27H28N4O3
  • MW: 456.54
  • Catalog: CCR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

GR 89696 fumarate

GR 89696 is a highly selective κ2 opioid receptor agonist with potential to prevent pruritus[1].

  • CAS Number: 126766-32-3
  • MF: C23H29Cl2N3O7
  • MW: 530.39800
  • Catalog: Opioid Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 559.2ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 292ºC

LE 300

LE 300 is a potent and selective dopamine D1-like receptor antagonist with Kis of 1.9 nM and 7.5 nM in CHO cell membranes expressing human dopamine D1 and D5 receptors, respectively. LE 300 is an antagonist of the 5-HT2A receptor with a pA2 of 8.32 in a rat tail artery assay[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 274694-98-3
  • MF: C20H22N2
  • MW: 290.40200
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.114g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 464ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 234.4ºC

Immethridine 2HBr

Immethridine dihydrobromide is a selective histamine H3 receptor (H3R) agonist. Immethridine dihydrobromide displays 300-fold selectivity over the H4 receptor and does not bind to H1 or H2 receptors. Immethridine dihydrobromide can be used for experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) research[1].

  • CAS Number: 699020-93-4
  • MF: C9H11Br2N3
  • MW: 321.01200
  • Catalog: Histamine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ko-3290

Ko-3290 is an antagonist of β-adrenoceptor, with cardioselectivity and antilipolytic effects in animals.

  • CAS Number: 79848-61-6
  • MF: C19H25N3O3
  • MW: 343.42000
  • Catalog: Adrenergic Receptor
  • Density: 1.15g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 583.2ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 306.5ºC

Aposcopolamine

Aposcopolamine is an alkaloid that can be isolated from Datura ferox. Aposcopolamin can closely binds with ACHE, ADRA2A and CHRM2. Aposcopolamine can be used for the research of Alzheimer's disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 535-26-2
  • MF: C17H19NO3
  • MW: 285.33800
  • Catalog: Adrenergic Receptor
  • Density: 1.25g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 415.5ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 95-98ºC
  • Flash Point: 205.1ºC

Thioperamide

Thioperamide (MR-12842) is a potent, orally available, brain penetrant and selective H3 receptor antagonist with a Ki of 4.3 nM for inhibition of [3H]histamine release. Thioperamide inhibits [3H]histamine synthesis with a Ki of 31 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 106243-16-7
  • MF: C15H24N4S
  • MW: 408.515
  • Catalog: Histamine Receptor
  • Density: 1.2 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 499.5ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 255.9ºC

Aaptamine

Aaptamine, a spongean alkaloid isolated from a sea sponge Aaptos aaptos, is a competitive antagonist of α-adrenoceptor and activates the p21 promoter in a p53-independent manner[1][1].

  • CAS Number: 85547-22-4
  • MF: C13H12N2O2
  • MW: 228.24700
  • Catalog: Adrenergic Receptor
  • Density: 1.246g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 420.578ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 208.158ºC

Patecibart

Patecibart is a humanized immunoglobulin G4-kappa, anti-EDNRA monoclonal antibody. Patecibart is an endothelin receptor antagonist[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

WAY-151932

WAY-151932 is a vasopressin V2-receptor agonist with IC50 of 80.3 nM and 778 nM in human-V2 binding and V1a binding assay.

  • CAS Number: 220460-92-4
  • MF: C23H19ClN4O
  • MW: 402.876
  • Catalog: Vasopressin Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 630.6±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 335.1±31.5 °C

SB 224289 hydrochloride

SB-224289 hydrochloride is a selective 5-HT1B receptor antagonist, with anxiolytic effect.

  • CAS Number: 180084-26-8
  • MF: C32H33ClN4O3
  • MW: 557.082
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 724.8ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 392.2ºC

Iprindole

Iprindole, a tricyclic indole antidepressant, is a weak inhibitor of the uptake of noradrenaline and 5-HT[1].

  • CAS Number: 5560-72-5
  • MF: C19H28N2
  • MW: 284.43900
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: 1.04g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 435.4ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 217.1ºC

GnRH Associated Peptide (25-53), human

GnRH Associated Peptide (GAP) (25-53), human is the human gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated peptide (GAP) 25-53 fragment (hGAP-25-53), can be used as immunogen to generate antiseras including MC-1, MC-2, and MC-3. GAP is joined to the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) sequence by a 3 amino acid processing site[1].

  • CAS Number: 106061-19-2
  • MF: C140H226N40O49S
  • MW: 3285.60
  • Catalog: GNRH Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

L-745870

L-745870 is a high-affinity, selective and orally active human dopamine D4 receptor antagonist with a Ki of 0.43 nM, and considerably weaker D2 (Ki of 960 nM) and D3 (Ki of 2300 nM) receptors affinity. L-745870 has excellent brain penetration[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 158985-00-3
  • MF: C18H19ClN4
  • MW: 326.82300
  • Catalog: Dopamine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 590.8ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 311.1ºC

ABT-724

ABT-724 is a potent and highly selective dopamine D4 receptor agonist with an EC50 of 12.4 nM for human dopamine D4 receptor. ABT-724 is a potent partial agonist at the rat D4 (EC50 of 14.3 nM) and the ferret D4 receptor (EC50 of 23.2 nM). ABT-724 has no effect on dopamine D1, D2, D3, or D5 receptors. ABT-724 could be useful for the treatment of erectile dysfunction and has favorable side-effect profile[1].

  • CAS Number: 70006-24-5
  • MF: C17H19N5
  • MW: 293.36600
  • Catalog: Dopamine Receptor
  • Density: 1.275g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 548.6ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 285.6ºC

Prednicarbate

Prednicarbate is a topical corticosteroid agent. Prednicarbate can be used for the research of inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 73771-04-7
  • MF: C27H36O8
  • MW: 488.570
  • Catalog: Glucocorticoid Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 640.7±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 110 - 112ºC
  • Flash Point: 209.4±25.0 °C

R(+)-SKF-38393A

(R)-SKF 38393 ((±)-SKF-38393) hydrochloride is a potent and selective D1 dopamine receptor antagonist. (R)-SKF 38393 hydrochloride inhibits G protein-coupled inwardly rectifying potassium (GIRK) channel[1].

  • CAS Number: 81702-42-3
  • MF: C16H18ClNO2
  • MW: 291.77
  • Catalog: Dopamine Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A