GW7604 is an antiestrogen. GW7604 is the metabolite of GW5638, which is a high affinity estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist[1].
Enclomiphene citrate is a potent and orally active oestrogen receptor antagonist, with antioestrogenic property[1].
Zearalenone is a nonsteroidal estrogenic mycotoxin produced by Fusarium species, which colonizes several grains. Zearalenone has low acute toxicity and carcinogenicity. Due to its agonistic effect on the estrogen receptor, Zearalenone exhibits distinct estrogenic and anabolic properties in several animal species, resulting in severe effects on the reproductive system[1].
AZD9496 maleate is a potent and selective estrogen receptor (ERα)antagonist with IC50 of 0.28 nM.
(1S,3R)-GNE-502 (compound 179) is a potent ERα degrader with an EC50 value of 13 nM against ERα in MCF7 HCS. (1S,3R)-GNE-502 can be used to research cancer related with estrogen receptor[1].
Palazestrant is an antiestrogen and antineoplastic agent. Palazestrant in combination with a HER2 inhibitor, works on ER+/HER2+ cancer[1][2].
GLL398, an orally active selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD), competitively binds to the estrogen receptor with an IC50 value of 1.14 nM. GLL398 exhibits a strong dose-dependent binding profile for the ER with a Y537S point mutation (IC50= 29.5 nM). GLL398 blocks tumor growth in xenograft breast cancer models[1].
Estrogen receptor antagonist 1 is a selective estrogen receptor antagonist. Estrogen (E2) and estrogen alpha receptor (ERα) are important drivers of breast cancer development. Estrogen receptor antagonist 1 has the potential for the research of breast cancer diseases (extracted from patent WO2021249533A1, compound 4)[1].
Cholesterol-13C2 is the 13C labeled Cholesterol. Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals and is makes up 20-25% of structural component of the plasma membrane. Plasma membranes are highly permeable to water but relatively impermeable to ions and protons. Cholesterol plays an important role in determining the fluidity and permeability characteristics of the membrane as well as the function of both the transporters and signaling proteins[1][2]. Cholesterol is also an endogenous estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist[3].
Estradiol cypionate is a 17 β-cyclopentylpropinate ester of estradiol, inhibits ET-1 synthesis via estrogen receptorIC50 value:Target: estrogen receptorEstradiol cypionate is a synthetic ester, is a estrogen. Compared to other commonly used estradiol esters, via the intramuscular route, Estradiol cypionate is found to have the longest duration of action with a duration of ~11 days,
Millewanin G is a prenylated isoflavonoid with antiestrogenic activity (IC50=29 μM). Millewanin G can be isolated from the leaves of M. pachycarpa cultivated in Japan[1].
Estradiol (β-Estradiol) hemihydrate is a steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. Estradiol (β-Estradiol) hemihydrate can up-regulate the expression of neural markers of human endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) and promote their neural differentiation. Estradiol (β-Estradiol) hemihydrate can be used for the research of cancers, neurodegenerative diseases and neural tissue engineering[1][2].
GNE-502 is an orally active and potent degrader for estrogen receptor (ER). GNE-502 can be used for the research of breast cancer[1].
Raloxifene 6-Monomethyl Ether (Compound 7) is a Raloxifene derivative that inhibits estrogen receptor α. Raloxifene 4-Monomethyl Ether inhibits MCF-7 cells with an IC50 of 250 nM and a pIC50 of 6.6[1].
Raloxifene hydrochloride(LY156758 hydrochloride) is a second generation selective estrogen receptor antagonist.Target: Estrogen receptorApproved: September 14, 2007Raloxifene activates TGF beta 3 promoter as a full agonist at nanomolar concentrations, and raloxifene inhibits the estrogen response element-containing vitellogenin promoter expression as a pure estrogen antagonist in transient transfection assays [1]. Raloxifene, has been demonstrated as a potent uncompetitive inhibitor of human liver aldehyde oxidase-catalyzed oxidation of phthalazine, vanillin, and nicotine-Delta1'(5')-iminium ion, with Ki values of 0.87 nM, 1.2 nM and 1.4 nM. Raloxifene has also been shown to be a noncompetitive inhibitor of an aldehyde oxidase-catalyzed reduction reaction of a hydroxamic acid-containing compound, with a Ki of 51 nM [2]. Raloxifene (3 mg/kg/day) has potent estrogenic activity on bone resorption and serum cholesterol, a lesser effect on bone formation, and minimal activity on uterine wet weight in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. [3]. Raloxifene (0.1 mg/kg-10 mg/kg, orally for 5 weeks) increases bone mineral density in the distal femur and proximal tibia in ovariectomized (OVX) rat. Raloxifene reduces serum cholesteroloral with ED50 of 0.2 mg/kg in ovariectomized (OVX) rat. Raloxifene diverges dramatically from estrogen in its lack of significant estrogenic effects on uterine tissue [4]. Raloxifene prevents cancellous osteopenia as well as the changes in radial bone growth, bone resorption, and blood cholesterol, but is less effective in reducing cancellous bone formation and does not prevent uterine atrophy in ovariectomized (OVX) rats [5].
6-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside, a derivative of Raloxifene, is a benzothiophene glucuronidated at the 6' postion. 6-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside is a selective and orally active estrogen receptor antagonist. 6-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside can be used for inhibiting bone loss and resorption, and lowering lipid levels. 6'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside, compound Ia, is extracted from patent US5567820A[1].
H3B-5942 is a selective, irreversible and orally active estrogen receptor covalent antagonist, inactivates both wild-type and mutant ERα by targeting Cys530, with Kis of 1 nM and 0.41 nM, respectively. H3B-5942 reduces ERα target gene GREB1, shows potent antitumor activity both in multiple cell lines or animals bearing ERαWT or ERα mutations[1].
Endoxifen (E-isomer hydrochloride) is a tamoxifen metabolite and potent Selective Estrogen Response Modifier (SERM). Target: Estrogen Receptor/ERREndoxifen is considered a prodrug, since it has a much higher potency for the estrogen receptor than its parent drug. Endoxifen inhibits the hERG channel protein trafficking to the plasma membrane in a concentration-dependent manner with Endoxifen being more potent than Tamoxifen. [1] Endoxifen is also shown to be a more potent inhibitor of estrogen target genes when ERβ is expressed. Additionally, low concentrations of Endoxifen observed in Tamoxifen treated patients with deficient CYP2D6 activity (20 to 40 nM) markedly inhibit estrogen-induced cell proliferation rates in the presence of ERβ, whereas much higher Endoxifen concentrations are needed when ERβ is absent.[2]
WAY-200070 is a selective estrogen receptor β (ERRβ) agonist with an IC50 of 2.3 nM.
(R,R)-THC is an ERα agonist and an ERβ antagonist, with Kis of 9.0 nM and 3.6 nM for ERα and ERβ, respectively. (R,R)-THC has higher relative binding affinity for ERβ than ERα with the values of 25 and 3.6[1].
Estrogen receptor α antagonist 1 (compound 35) is a highly selective antagonist of estrogen receptor α, with IC50s of 0.02, 6.55 and 7.73 μM for estrogen receptor α, estrogen receptor β and MCF-7 cells, respectively. Estrogen receptor α antagonist 1 (compound 35) can be used for the research of cancer[1].
Tetrahydrofluoroene 52 is a potent and selective estrogen receptor β agonist.
Clomifene Citrate is a selective estrogen receptor modulator.Target: Estrogen Receptor/ERRClomifene Citrate(CC) acted as an estrogen antagonist regardless of the concentration of E2 added together. In conclusion, CC acts as an estrogen agonist/antagonist via ER alpha in a coexisting estrogen concentration-dependent way whereas it acts as an estrogen antagonist via ER beta whether or not estrogen is present [1]. Clomiphene was effective in increasing pregnancy rate compared to placebo (OR 5.8, 95% CI 1.6 to 21.5) as was clomiphene plus dexamethasone treatment (OR 9.46, 95% CI 5.1 to 17.7) compared to clomiphene alone. A significant improvement in the pregnancy rate was reported for clomiphene plus combined oral contraceptives versus clomiphene alone. No evidence of a difference in effect on pregnancy rate was found with any of the other comparisons [2].
LY117018, a Raloxifene analog, is a selective estrogen receptor modulator. LY117018 exerts antiproliferative effects on breast cancer cell lines[1][2].
BHPI is a potent inhibitor of nuclear estrogen–ERα-regulated gene expression; elicits sustained ERα-dependent activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress sensor, the unfolded protein response (UPR), and persistent inhibition of protein synthesis.IC50 value:Target: ERα inhibitorBHPI is effective because it elicits sustained ERα-dependent activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (EnR) stress sensor, the unfolded protein response (UPR), and persistent inhibition of protein synthesis. BHPI distorts a newly described action of estrogen-ERα: mild and transient UPR activation. In contrast, BHPI elicits massive and sustained UPR activation, converting the UPR from protective to toxic. In ERα(+) cancer cells, BHPI rapidly hyperactivates plasma membrane PLCγ, generating inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3), which opens EnR IP3R calcium channels, rapidly depleting EnR Ca(2+) stores.
Estradiol enanthate is a shorter-acting estrogen. The combination of Estradiol enanthate and dihydroxyprogesterone acetophenide can be used as a monthly injectable contraceptive[1][2].
Estetrol, a natural estrogen synthesized exclusively during pregnancy by the human fetal liver, is a selective nuclear estrogen receptor modulator. Estetrol exerts estrogenic actions on the endometrium or the central nervous system but presents antagonistic effects on the breast[1][2].
CB7432 is a novel tissue-specific selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).
PROTAC ER Degrader-10 is a potent PROTAC ER degrader and can be used for cancer research. PROTAC ER Degrader-10 is extracted from patent WO2021133886, example 36.