2-PAT, an analogue of Rasagiline and Selegiline, a reversible MAO-A inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.721 µM. 2-PAT is an inactivator of MAO-B with an IC50 of 14.6 µM. 2-PAT has the potential for Parkinson’s disease and depression research[1].
Cassiaside B2 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and human monoamine oxidase A (hMAO-A) inhibitor. Cassiaside B2 possesses antiallergic and is a 5-HT2C receptor agonist[1][2].[3]..
Toloxatone (MD 69276) is a reversible monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) inhibitor[1]. Antidepressant[1].
MAO A/HSP90-IN-1 (4-b) is a MAO A/HSP90 dual inhibitor with IC50 value of 1.77 μM and 0.019 μM in Glioblastoma (GBM) GL26 cells and HSP90α, respectively. MAO A/HSP90-IN-1 (4-b) can inhibit MAO A activity, HSP90 binding and the expression of HER2 and phospho-Akt to inhibit the growth of GBM, they also reduce PD-L1 expression, which inhibits T cell activation. MAO A/HSP90-IN-1 (4-b) have potential to inhibit tumor immune escape. MAO A/HSP90-IN-1 (4-b) can be used for brain tumor-related diseases research[1].
hMAO-B-IN-2 (compound 6j) is an orally active, potent, selective and BBB penetrated and competitive reversible hMAO-B inhibitor, with an IC50 of 4 nM. hMAO-B-IN-2 shows low toxicity and good neuroprotective effects in SH-SY5Y cell. hMAO-B-IN-2 can be used for alzheimer’s disease research[1].
Pargyline hydrochloride is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO) that is used clinically to treat moderate hypertension.
Indazole, also called isoindazole, a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound. Its derivatives display a broad variety of biological activities including anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-HIV, antiarrhythmic, antifungal and antitumour properties. Indazole and its derivatives can be used for research of cancer, neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases[1][2][3][4][5].
1,4-Naphthoquinone-d6 is the deuterium labeled 1,4-Naphthoquinone[1]. 1,4-Naphthoquinone is a potential pharmacophore for inhibition of both MAO (monoamine oxidase) and DNA topoisomerase activities, this latter associated with antitumor activity[2].
Ladostigil (TV-3326) hydrochloride is an orally active dual inhibitor of cholinesterase and brain-selective monoamine oxidase (MAO), with IC50s of 37.1 and 31.8 μM for MAO-B and AChE, respectively. Ladostigil hydrochloride exhibits neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Ladostigil can be used for the research of depression and Alzheimer's disease[1][2].
Lazabemide hydrochloride (Ro 19-6327 hydrochloride) is a selective, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) (IC50=0.03 μM) but less active for MAO-A (IC50>100 μM). Lazabemide inhibits monoamine uptake at high concentrations, the IC50 values are 86 μM, 123 μM and >500 μM for noradrenalin, serotonin and dopamine uptake, respectively. Lazabemide can be used for the research of parkinson and alzheimer′s disease[1].
Lazabemide(Ro 19-6327/000) is selective, reversible monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor (IC50 values are 0.03 and > 100 μM for MAO-B and MAO-A respectively).IC50 value: 30 nM [1]Target: MAO-B inhibitorin vitro: The in vitro binding characteristics of both radiolabeled inhibitors revealed them to be selective, high-affinity ligands for the respective enzymes. KD and Bmax values for 3H-Ro 41-1049 in rat cerebral cortex were 10.7 nM and 7.38 pmol/mg protein, respectively, and for 3H-Ro 19-6327 were 18.4 nM and 3.45 pmol/mg protein, respectively [1]. The IC50 values for lazabemide and Ro 16-6491, respectively, were: 86 microM and 90 microM for NA uptake; 123 microM and 90 microM for 5HT uptake; > 500 microM and > 1000 microM for DA uptake. Lazabemide and Ro 16-6491 also differed from L-deprenyl in their ability to induce release of endogenous monoamines from synaptosomes. Thus, Ro 16-6491 (500 microM) induced a greater 5 HT release than did L-deprenyl, but was less effective than L-deprenyl in releasing DA. On the contrary, lazabemide was almost completely inactive on either 5 HT and DA release [2]. a clear inhibition of DOPAC formation was observed with Ro 41-1049 (250 nM), while 250 nM lazabemide was found not to increase the accumulation of newly-formed DA in those tubular epithelial cells loaded with 50 microM L-DOPA [3].in vivo: The ischemia reperfusion-induced hydroxyl radical generation was attenuated by 3 mg/kg of clorgyline and lazabemide. Furthermore, mice pretreated with these MAO inhibitors showed decreased DOPAC levels in comparison with those of their respective vehicle-treated control groups; recovery of the reduced DOPAC level was also delayed [4].
(+)-Cinchonaminone shows monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitory activity.
Safinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743) selectively and reversibly inhibits MAO-B with IC50 of 98 nM, exhibits 5918-fold selectivity against MAO-A.IC50 value: 98 nM [1]Target: MAO-BSafinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743; ) is a highly selective and reversible monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibitor that increases neostriatal dopamine concentration. In addition, Safinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743; ) is voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channel blocker. Safinamide (EMD 1195686; FCE 26743; ) appears to bind to the batrachotoxin-sensitive site 2 of the voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Safinamide blocks N and L-type calcium channels and inhibits glutamate and aspartate release from synaptic terminals.
Safinamide-d4 (FCE 26743-d4) is the deuterium labeled Safinamide. Safinamide is a potent, selective, and reversible monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitor (IC50=0.098 µM) over MAO-A (IC50=580 µM)[1]. Safinamide also blocks sodium channels and modulates glutamate (Glu) release, showing a greater affinity at depolarized (IC50=8 µM) than at resting (IC50=262 µM) potentials. Safinamide has neuroprotective and neurorescuing effects and can be used for the study of parkinson disease, ischemia stroke etc.al[2][3].
Brofaromine is a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor with IC50 of 0.2 μM for MAO-A.
Monoamine oxidase is an enzyme composed of different polypeptides. Monoamine oxidation catalyzes the oxidative deamination of various biological amines in brain and peripheral tissues by producing hydrogen peroxide. Monoamine oxidase plays an important role in maintaining the regulation of synaptic transmission, emotional behavior and other brain functions[1][2].
TC-2153 is a specific, small moelcule inhibitor of neuron-specific tyrosine phosphatase STEP with IC50 of 24.6 nM; increases tyrosine phosphorylation of STEP substrates ERK1/2, Pyk2, and GluN2B, and exhibits no toxicity in cortical cultures, shows specificity towards STEP compared to several other tyrosine phosphatases; improves cognitive deficits in 3xTg-AD mice, with no change in beta amyloid and phospho-tau levels.
RS 8359 is a selective and reversible MAO-A inhibitor, with antidepressant activity.
7-Hydroxy-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-quinolinone is a weak MAO-A inhibitor, with an IC50 of 183 μM, and has no effect on MAO-B[1].
Isocarboxazid is a non-selective and irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase, with an IC50 of 4.8 μM for rat brain monoamine oxidase in vitro[1].
Bifemelane hydrochloride is a potent, selective and competitive inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A), with a Ki of 4.20 μM, and it also inhibits MAO-B noncompetitively with a Ki of 46.0 μM. Bifemelane hydrochloride has a potent antidepressant activity and can be used for the research of cognitive and emotional disturbances related to cerebrovascular disease[1][2].
AChE/BChE/MAO-B-IN-1 (Compound 10) is a reversible and non-time-dependent AChE, BChE and MAO-B inhibitor with IC50 values of 7.31, 0.56 and 26.1 μM for hAChE, hBChE and hMAO-B, respectively. AChE/BChE/MAO-B-IN-1 can cross the BBB and shows neuroprotective effects without cytotoxicity[1].
TVP1022 mesylate is the S-isomer of rasagiline, which is an anti-Parkinson drug, appears to have the same neuroprotective activity as the R-isomer, but is 1000-fold less active as an MAO-B inhibitor.
(±)-Amiflamine (FLA 336) is a potent monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitor with a pIC50 of 5.57[1].
Isatin (Indoline-2,3-dione) is a potent inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO) with an IC50 of 3 μM. Also binds to central benzodiazepine receptors (IC50 against clonazepam, 123 μM)[1]. Also acts as an antagonist of both atrial natriuretic peptide stimulated and nitric oxide-stimulated guanylate cyclase activity[2]. Shows effect on the serotonergic system[3].
Paeonol is an active extraction from the root of Paeonia suffruticosa, Paeonol inhibits MAO-A and MAO-B with IC50 of 54.6 μM and 42.5 μM, respectively.
Neuroinflammatory-IN-2 (compound 7i) is a potent anti-neuroinflammatory agent with an IC50 value of 10.30 μM for MAO-B, and 96.33% inhibition of Aβ1-42 aggregation at 25 μM. Neuroinflammatory-IN-2 has neuroprotective activity in H2O2-induced PC-12 cell injury. Neuroinflammatory-IN-2 also has biometal chelating abilities, antioxidant activity, anti-neuroinflammatory activity and appropriate BBB permeability. Neuroinflammatory-IN-2 can be used for researching Alzheimer’s disease[1].
MAO-B-IN-15 is a selective MAO-B inhibitor (IC50: 13.5 μM) that forms π-π interaction with Tyr 326 residue. MAO-B-IN-15 can be used in the research of Parkinson’s disease[1].
A potent, selective, and irreversible inhibitor of SSAO/VAP-1 (AOC3) with Ki of 37 nM, IC50 of <10 nM; displays 250- and 4000-fold selectivity over DAO and LOX; attenuates neutrophil migration, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in mouse models of lung inflammation and localized inflammation;orally activie.
rel-Tranylcypromine (SKF 385) is a potent monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor[1].