Curcumenol is one of constituents in the plants of medicinally important genus of Curcuma[1].
LY43578 is an orally active aromatase inhibitor. LY43578 inhibits P-450-dependent p-nitroanisole O-demethylation and ethylmorphine N-demethylation in hepatic microsomes isolated from rat, with the IC50 of 0.3 and 5 μΜ, respectively. LY43578 can be used for neurological disorder study[1][2].
Memantine, an amantadine derivative with low to moderate-affinity for NMDA receptors, inhibit CYP2B6 and CYP2D6 with Ki of 0.51 nM and 94.9 μM, respectively..Target: NMDA Receptor, Memantine (Ebixa, Axura, Namenda, Akatinol) is a moderate-affinity, uncompetitive, voltage-dependent, NMDA-receptor antagonist with fast on/off kinetics that inhibits excessive calcium influx induced by chronic overstimulation of the NMDA receptor. Memantine is approved in the US and the EU for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe dementia of the Alzheimer's type [1]. Memantine has considerable therapeutic potential for the myriad of clinical entities associated with NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity [2]. Memantine blocked 200 microM NMDA-evoked responses with a 50% inhibition constant (IC50) of approximately 1 microM at -60 mV and an empirical Hill coefficient of approximately 1 [3].
β-Apo-8'-carotenal (Apocarotenal), a provitamin A carotenoid, is an inducer of CYPlA1 and CYPlA2 in rat. β-Apo-8'-carotenal is present in many fruits and vegetables[1].
Dihydromethysticin is one of the six major kavalactones found in the kava plant; has marked activity on the induction of CYP3A23.
CDD3506 is used for elevating high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) by inducing hepatic cytochrome P450IIIA (CYP3A) activity.
LY56110 is an orally active aromatase inhibitor. LY56110 inhibits P-450-dependent p-nitroanisole O-demethylation and ethylmorphine N-demethylation in hepatic microsomes isolated from rat, with the IC50 of 2.5 and 11 μΜ, respectively. LY56110 can be used for neurological disorder study[1][2].
20-HETE inhibitor-1 (comp 83) is a 20-HETE formation inhibitor[1]
4-(Trifluoromethyl)umbelliferone is fluorescent probe substrate for rat hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes[1].
Stiripentol (STP) is an anticonvulsant agent, which can inhibit N-demethylation of CLB to NCLB mediatated by CYP3A4 (noncompetitively) and CYP2C19 (competitively) with Ki of 1.59±0.07 and 0.516±0.065 μM and IC50 of 1.58 and 3.29 μM, respectively.
AZD7325 is a potent and orally active partial selective PAM of GABAAα2 and Aα3 receptor (Ki=0.3 and 1.3 nM, respectively), and has less antagonistic efficacy at the Aα1 and Aα5 receptor subtypes[1][4]. AZD7325 is a moderate CYP1A2 and a potent CYP3A4 inducer in vitro[2]. AZD7325 has the potential for the investigation of anxiety and dravet syndrome[3]. PAM: positive allosteric modulator.
7-Ethoxy-4-methylcoumarin is a coumarin derivative and can be used as a substrate probe of mammalian cytochromes P450 1A1, 2B4 and 2B6[1][2].
Galangin is an agonist/antagonist of the arylhydrocarbon receptor, and also shows inhibition of CYP1A1 activity.
Phenyltoloxamine (Bistrimin) is an antihistamine agent with sedative and analgesic effects. Phenyltoloxamine also has potent Sigma-1 receptor binding affinity (Ki: 160 nM)[1][2][3].
Tebuconazole is an agricultural azole fungicide which can also inhibit CYP51 with IC50s of 0.9 and 1.3 μM for Candida albicans CYP51 (CaCYP51) and truncated Homo sapiens CYP51 (Δ60HsCYP51), respectively.
GlcN-6-P Synthase-IN-1 (Compound 4d) is a Glucosamine-6-phosphate (GlcN-6-P) synthase inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.47 μM. GlcN-6-P Synthase-IN-1 exhibits significant antimicrobial activity. GlcN-6-P Synthase-IN-1 has good penetration in the CNS and is able to inhibit the cytochrome P450, CYP3A4 isoform[1].
Quilseconazole (VT-1129) is a potent, orally active fungal Cyp51 (lanosterol 14-α-demethylase) inhibitor, binds tightly to cryptococcal CYP51, but weakly inhibits humans CYP450 enzymes[1].
Diosmetin is a natural flavonoid which inhibits human CYP1A enzyme activity with an IC50 of 40 μM in HepG2 cell.
(3S,5S)-Atorvastatin is a inactive enantiomer of Atorvastatin. (3S,5S)-Atorvastatin can activate pregnane X receptor (PXR). Atorvastatin is an orally active HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, has the ability to effectively decrease blood lipids[1][2].
Thermopsoside is a flavone derivative isolated from Aspalathus linearis. Thermopsoside exhibits inhibitory effects on CYP450 isozymes with IC50 values of 6.0 μM, 9.5 μM, 12.0 μM, 32.0 μM, for CYP3A4, CYP2C19, CYP2D6 and CYP2C9, respectively[1].
Opevesostat is a cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) inhibitor[1].
8α-(2-Methylacryloyloxy)-hirsutinolide-13-O-acetate is an irreversible CYP2A6 inhibitor with IC50s of 8.64 μM and 22.3 μM with pre-incubation and co-incubaition, respectively. 8α-(2-Methylacryloyloxy)-hirsutinolide-13-O-acetate also inhibits MAO-A and MAO-B with IC50s of 60.2 and 38.6 μM, respectively[1].
Pradefovir mesylate is a good substrate for liver CYP3A4. Pradefovir is converted to 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine (PMEA) in human liver microsomes with a Km of 60 μM.
Resorufin methyl ether (Methoxyresorufin) is a cytochrome P450 fluorometric substrate[1]. Resorufin methyl ether is a relatively specific substrate for CYP1A2 activity in rodents[1][2].
Nav1.7-IN-8 is a potent blockage of NaV1.7 with high selectivity for the inhibition of NaV1.7 over the subtypes hNaV1.1 and hNaV1.5. Nav1.7-IN-8 inhibits CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 with an IC50 of 0.17 μM and 0.077 μM, respectively. Nav1.7-IN-8 displays significant analgesic effects in rodent models of acute and inflammatory pain[1].
Acetylshikonin, derived from the root of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, has anti-cancer and antiinflammation activity. Acetylshikonin is a non-selective cytochrome P450 inhibitor against all P450s (IC50 values range from 1.4-4.0 μM). Acetylshikonin is an AChE inhibitor and exhibits potent antiapoptosis activity[1][2][3].
Casopitant mesylate (GW679769B) is a potent, selective, brain permeable and orally active neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor antagonist. Casopitant mesylate is a second in the class of antiemetics that acts to antagonise the emetogenic effect of substance P. Casopitant mesylate is also a substrate and a weak-to-moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4. Casopitant mesylate can be used for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)[1][2].
Abiraterone acetate is an oral, potent, selective, and irreversible inhibitor of CYP17.
TOK-001 is a multifunctional antiandrogen and CYP17 inhibitor (IC50=47 nM) in castration resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).