Olmesartan medoxomil is a potent and selective angiotensin AT1 receptor inhibitor with IC50 of 66.2 μM.
(Nle4)-α-MSH is a synthetic analogue of α-MSH (HY-P0252), a melanocyte-stimulating hormone. (Nle4)-α-MSH reversibly darkens frog skins and also exhibits prolonged activity after heat-alkali treatment[1].
Volinanserin-d4 (MDL100907-d4) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Volinanserin hydrochlorid. Volinanserin is a potent and selective antagonist of 5-HT2 receptor, with a Ki of 0.36 nM, and shows 300-fold selectivity for 5-HT2 receptor over 5-HT1c, alpha-1 and DA D2 receptors. Volinanserin has antipsychotic activity[1][2].
An oral glucocorticoid agonist for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatoid Arthritis Phase 1 Clinical
SSTR5 antagonists 1 is a potent, selective, and orally available somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5) antagonist with IC50s of 9.6 and 57 nM for hSSTR5 and mSSTR5, respectively. (Compound 25a)[1]
Iloperidone(HP 873) is a D2/5-HT2 receptor antagonist, which is an atypical antipsychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia symptoms.IC50 value:Target: 5-HT receptor; D2 receptorIloperidone (HP 873) is a compound currently in clinical trials for the treatment of schizophrenia. Iloperidone displays affinity for dopamine D2 receptors and for 5-HT2A receptors and has a variety of in vivo activities suggestive of an atypical antipsychotic. Iloperidone displayed higher affinity for the dopamine D3 receptor (Ki = 7.1 nM) than for the dopamine D4 receptor (Ki = 25 nM). Iloperidone displayed high affinity for the 5-HT6 and 5-HT7 receptors (Ki = 42.7 and 21.6 nM, respectively), and was found to have higher affinity for the 5-HT2A (Ki = 5.6 nM) than for the 5-HT2C receptor (Ki = 42.8 nM) [1]. Iloperidone was eliminated slowly, with a mean t1/2 of 13.5 to 14.0 hours. Coadministration with food did not significantly affect AUC, tmax, or Cmax. These results indicate that the rate of iloperidone's absorption is decreased, but the overall bioavailability is unchanged, when the drug is taken with food. Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness, and somnolence were the most commonly reported adverse events [2]. Iloperidone pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are presented herein, together with an evaluation of clinical safety and efficacy results [3].Clinical indications: Post traumatic stress disorder; Schizophrenia Toxicity: Commonly observed adverse reactions (incidence ≥5% and two-fold greater than placebo) were: dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, nasal congestion, orthostatic hypotension, somnolence, tachycardia, and weight increased.
Benzquinamide (P2647) is an antiemetic which can bind to the α2A, α2B, and α2C adrenergic receptors (α2-AR) with Ki values of 1,365, 691, and 545 nM, respectively. Benzquinamide also inhibits P-glycoprotein mediated drug efflux and potentiates anticancer agent cytotoxicity in multidrug resistant cells[1][2].
SB 218795 is a potent and selective non-peptide NK3 receptor antagonist, with a Ki 13 nM for hNK3. SB 218795 shows about 90-fold and 7000-fold selectivity for hNK3 over hNK2 and hNK1, respectively. SB 218795 can inhibit NK3 receptor-mediated pupillary constriction of the rabbit[1][2].
MK-7246 is a potent and selective CRTH2 antagonist with a Ki of 2.5±0.5 nM.
Conopeptide rho-TIA is a peptide derived from the venom contained in the predatory sea snail Conus tulipa, has highly selective and noncompetitive inhibitor at human α1B-Adrenergic Receptor. Conopeptide rho-TIA acts a competitive inhibitor at human α1A-Adrenergic Receptor and α1D-Adrenergic Receptor. Conopeptide rho-TIA binds to each subtype and may provide useful information for the development of novel α1-Adrenergic Receptor subtype-selective drugs[1].
(D-Arg1,D-Pro2,D-Trp7,9,L-Leu11)-Substance P is a neuropeptide Substance P (HY-P0201) antagonist[1].
H4 Receptor antagonist 1 is a potent and selective histamine H4 receptor inverse agonist, with an IC50 of 19 nM.
Angiotensin II human acetate (Angiotensin II acetate) is a vasoconstrictor that mainly acts on the AT1 receptor. Angiotensin II human acetate stimulates sympathetic nervous stimulation, increases aldosterone biosynthesis and renal actions. Angiotensin II human acetate induces growth of vascular smooth muscle cells, increases collagen type I and III synthesis in fibroblasts, leading to thickening of the vascular wall and myocardium, and fibrosis. Angiotensin II human acetate also induces apoptosis[1][2].
Aprepitant (MK-0869) is a selective and high-affinity neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist with a Kd of 86 pM.
3-O-Methyldopa D3 (3-Methoxy-L-tyrosine D3) is deuterium labeled 3-O-Methyldopa. 3-O-Methyldopa is a metabolite of L-DOPA which is formed by catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). 3-O-Methyldopa competitively inhibits the pharmacodynamics of l-DOPA and dopamine[1].
Roxatidine Acetate HCl is a specific and competitive histamin H2 receptor antagonist.Target: Histamin H2 ReceptorRoxatidine acetate is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist which, after almost complete oral absorption (greater than 95%), is rapidly converted to its active metabolite, roxatidine, by esterases in the small intestine, plasma and liver. Roxatidine is a potent inhibitor of basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion in animals and humans and, like most other H2-receptor antagonists, has no anti-androgenic effects and does not interfere with the hepatic metabolism of other drugs [1, 2].
M1/M2/M4 muscarinic agonist 1 (Compound 42) is a muscarinic M4/M1/M2 agonist with EC50 values of 6.5, 26 and 210 nM for M4/M1/M2, respectively. M1/M2/M4 muscarinic agonist 1 can be used for research on mental diseases, such as schizophrenia, delusion, etc[1].
MDL12330A (RMI12330A) is an adenyl cyclase inhibitor. MDL12330A inhibits the vasopressin action on the short-circuit current (SCC). MDL12330A is also an inhibitor of cAMP phosphodiesterase[1].
MK-2894 is a highly potent and selective second generation EP4 antagonist.IC50 value:Target: EP4MK-2894 exhibits favorable pharmacokinetic profile in a number of preclinical species and potent anti-inflammatory activity in several animal models of pain/inflammation. MK-2894 also shows favorable GI tolerability profile in rats when compared to traditional NSAID indomethacin.
Solifenacin D5 hydrochloride is a deuterium labeled Solifenacin hydrochloride. Solifenacin hydrochloride is a muscarinic receptor antagonist with pKis of 7.6, 6.9 and 8.0 for M1, M2 and M3 receptors, respectively[1].
Quetiapine fumarate is an atypical antipsychotic used in the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar I mania, bipolar II depression, bipolar I depression.IC50 value: Target: 5-HT ReceptorQuetiapine is indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia as well as for the treatment of acute manic episodes associated with bipolar I disorder. The antipsychotic effect of quetiapine is thought by some to be mediated through antagonist activity at dopamine and serotonin receptors. Specifically the D1 and D2 dopamine, the alpha 1 adrenoreceptor and alpha 2 adrenoreceptor, and 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 serotonin receptor subtypes are antagonized. Quetiapine also has an antagonistic effect on the histamine H1 receptor.
RVD-Hpα is the N-terminally extended form of human hemopressin that acts as a selective CB1 receptor agonist. RVD-Hpα increases intracellular Ca2+ levels in cells expressing CB1 receptors in vitro. RVD-Hpα also high affinity CB2 positive allosteric modulator (Ki=50 nM).
Gemilukast is an orally active and potent dual cysteinyl leukotriene 1 and 2 receptors (CysLT1 and CysLT2) antagonist, with IC50s of 1.7, 25 nM for human CysLT1 and CysLT2, respectively.
Mesdopetam (IRL790) is a dopamine D3 receptor antagonist (Ki=90 nM; IC50=9.8 μM for human recombinant D3 receptor) with psychomotor stabilizing properties. Mesdopetam is used for the research of motor and psychiatric complications in Parkinson disease[1][2].
CS-003 Free base (CS-003), a triple tachykinin receptor antagonist, shows high affinities for human (Neurokinin) NK1, NK2 and NK3 receptors with Ki values of 2.3 nM, 0.54 nM and 0.74 nM, respectively. CS-003 Free base (CS-003) has therapeutic efficacy on respiratory diseases associated with neurokinins.
TCMCB07, a cyclic nonapeptide peptide, is an orally active and brain-penetrant melanocortin receptor 4 (MC4R) antagonist. TCMCB07 plays an important role in cachexia[1].
Fosaprepitant dimeglumine(MK-0517) is a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.IC50 Value:Target: NK1 receptorin vitro: Fosaprepitant (also known as MK-0517 and L-758,298) is a water-soluble phosphoryl prodrug for aprepitant, which, when administered intravenously, is converted to aprepitant within 30 min of intravenous administration via the action of ubiquitous phosphatases. Owing to the rapid conversion offosaprepitant to the active form (aprepitant), fosaprepitant 115 mg provided the same aprepitant exposure in terms of AUC as aprepitant 12 mg orally, and fosaprepitant is expected to provide a correspondingly similar antiemetic effect as aprepitant [1]. in vivo: Fosaprepitant is well tolerated with mild to moderate venous irritation being the only additional toxicity to those seen with oral aprepitant, and that is a function of dose, concentration, and infusion rate [2]. Patients receiving cisplatin ≥ 70 mg/m(2) for the first time received ondansetron and dexamethasone with a standard aprepitant regimen (125 mg on day 1, 80 mg on day 2, 80 mg on day 3) or a single-dose fosaprepitant regimen (150 mg on day 1) [3]. Single-dose fosaprepitant used in combination with granisetron and dexamethasone was well-tolerated and effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients receiving highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy, including high-dose cisplatin [4].
Y16 is an inhibitor of G-protein–coupled Rho GEFs; works synergistically with Rhosin/G04 in inhibiting LARG-RhoA interaction, RhoA activation, and RhoA-mediated signaling functions.IC50 value: Target: RhoA inhibitorY16 binds to this catalytic fragment of LARG with a Kd of ～76 ± 8 nM. Y16 was able to inhibit the GDP dissociation from RhoA catalyzed by LARG dose dependently without affecting the GEF reactions of Rac1 and Cdc42 catalyzed by TrioN and Intersectin, respectively. The N983A mutant lost the binding ability to Y16 with a Kd > 500 μM, whereas the K979A and E982A mutants showed a reduced affinity with Kd values of 0.47 and 2.1 μM, respectively. At 2.5 μM each, Rhosin and Y16 inhibited ～50% RhoA-GTP content, and at 5 μM each ～80% RhoA-GTP stimulated by serum, which were much more potent than the effect of Rhosin/G04 or Y16 acting alone (～80% inhibition at 30 μM). Even under a higher concentration of Y16 and Rhosin/G04 combination (50 μM each) when endogenous RhoA-GTP content was effectively suppressed, no effect on Rac1-GTP or Cdc42-GTP content in cells was observed. Although Rhosin/G04 or Y16 administration alone caused ～50% inhibition of RhoA activity at 10 μM, combined Rhosin/G04 and Y16 reached 70% inhibition of RhoA-GTP or the downstream p-MLC when each was at 2.5 μM.
Paltusotine (CRN00808) is an orally active, nonpeptide selective somatostatin type 2 (SST2) receptor agonist. Paltusotine has the potential for maintaining GH and IGF-1 levels after depot somatostatin receptor ligand therapy[1][2].
Razpipadon ((-)-PW0464), an aromatic compound, is a dopamine receptor partial agonist. Razpipadon can be used in the study of dopamine D1 ligand-mediated related psychiatric disorders[1][2].