Candoxatril is a neutral endopeptidase (NEP) inhibitor.
NE21650 potently inhibits farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) synthase. NE21650 is a weak inhibitor of isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) isomerase. NE21650 is a potent inhibitor of protein prenylation in osteoclasts and macrophages and bone resorption in vitro[1].
Vildagliptin-d3 (LAF237-d3) is the deuterium labeled Vildagliptin. Vildagliptin (LAF237) is a potent, stable, selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.5 nM in human Caco-2 cells. Vildagliptin possesses excellent oral bioavailability and potent antihyperglycemic activity[1][2].
(Rac)-WAY-161503 hydrochloride is a potent, selective, high affinity 5-HT2C receptor agonist with a Ki of 4 nM and an EC50 of 12 nM. (Rac)-WAY-161503 hydrochloride displays higher affinity for 5-HT2C than 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors. (Rac)-WAY-161503 hydrochloride has anti-obesity and antidepressant effects[1][2].
Ramatercept is a soluble ActRIIB receptor and can be used as a soluble activin receptor 2 (ACVR2) antagonist. Ramatercept inhibits the signal pathway of muscle growth inhibition and has potential application in muscle atrophy[1][2][3].
Somatostatin-28 (sheep) is a biologically active polypeptide, synthesised in the proximal intestinal epithelial cells. Somatostatin-28 (sheep) suppresses glucose-stimulated insulin secretion without affecting circulating basal insulin concentration. Somatostatin-28 (sheep) also targets to somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (SSTR5) to regulate GLP-1 secretion[1][2].
Palmitic acid is a long-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in both animals and plants.
6,8-Diprenylnaringenin (Lonchocarpol A; Senegalensin), a hop prenylflavonoid, is a inhibitor of breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2). 6,8-Diprenylnaringenin inhibits ABCG2-mediated efflux of Mitoxantrone, and 3H-Methotrexate transport (IC50=0.41 μM) in HEK293 cells. 6,8-Diprenylnaringenin exhibits some estrogenicity, but its potency is less than 1% of that of 8-Prenylnaringenin[1][2].
FOY 251 is an anti-proteolytic active metabolite camostate (HY-13512), acts as a proteinase inhibitor[1].
Prunin is a potent inhibitor of human enterovirus A71 (HEVA71). Prunin shows strong inhibitory activity against protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), with an IC50 of 5.5 µM[1][2].
4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione is a production of S-ribosylhomocysteine. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione reacts with boric acid to synthesize AI-2 (an autoinducer)[1].
α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate) is a potent and non-competitive inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid inhibits mitochondrial pyruvate transporter with a Ki of 6.3 μM. α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid is used as a matrix to facilitate peptide ionization in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry applications[1][2].
AS2034178 free base, a specific and orally active GPR40 agonist, exhibits glucose-dependent insulin secretion enhancement. AS2034178 free base has potential for type 2 diabetes mellitus research[1].
5-HT2B antagonist-1 is an orally active 5-HT2B receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of 33.4 nM. 5-HT2B antagonist-1 can be used in studies of diseases characterized by 5-HT2B receptor signaling, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, cardiovascular disease or gastrointestinal disease[1][2].
Marein has the neuroprotective effect due to a reduction of damage to mitochondria function and activation of the AMPK signal pathway. Marein improves insulin resistance induced by high glucose in HepG2 cells through CaMKK/AMPK/GLUT1 to promote glucose uptake, through IRS/Akt/GSK-3β to increase glycogen synthesis, and through Akt/FoxO1 to decrease gluconeogenesis. Marein is a HDAC inhibitor with an IC50 of 100 µM. Marein has beneficial antioxidative, antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic and antidiabetic effects[1][2][3].
HAEGTFTSD is the first N-terminal 1-9 residues of GLP-1 peptide.
3FAx-Neu5Ac (compound 8), a Sialic acid peracetylated analog, is a sialyltransferase inhibitor. 3FAx-Neu5Ac substantially reduces expression of the sialylated ligand sialyl Lewis X on myeloid cells[1].
Kukoamine B is a component of Lycii Cortex, with anti-oxidant, anti-acute inflammatory and anti-diabetic properties[1].
Androgen receptor antagonist 2 (example 12) is an androgen receptor antagonist. Androgen receptor antagonist 2 can be used for prostate cancer and male hair loss research[1].
Org30958 is a potent aromatase inhibitor in vivo.
D-Glucose-13C-2 (Glucose-13C-2) is the 13C labeled D-Glucose. D-Glucose (Glucose), a monosaccharide, is an important carbohydrate in biology. D-Glucose is a carbohydrate sweetener and critical components of the general metabolism, and serve as critical signaling molecules in relation to both cellular metabolic status and biotic and abiotic stress response[1].
Farnesylcysteine (FC) is a competitive inhibitor of ICMT. The fcly mutant has quantitatively low farnesylcysteine (FC) lyase activity and an enhanced response to ABA. Farnesylcysteine induces an ABA hypersensitive phenotype in Arabidopsis thaliana[1].
CDD3505 is used for elevating high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) by inducing hepatic cytochrome P450IIIA (CYP3A) activity.
Resorufin butyrate is a fluorogenic substrate for triglyceride lipases and cholinesterase (Ex=570 nm, Em=580 nm)[1][2][3].
TES-991 is a potent and selective human α‑Amino-β-carboxymuconate-ε-semialdehyde Decarboxylase (ACMSD) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3 nM.
Militarine, a glycosidic compound isolated from Bletilla striata, exhibits plant growth-inhibitory activity[1].
C-Peptide 2, rat, 31-amino-acid peptide, is a component of proinsulin. C-Peptide 2, rat can inhibit glucose-induced insulin secretion[1][2].
LY 345899 is a human cytosolic methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase/cyclohydrolase (DC301) inhibitor, with a Ki of 0.018 μM.
(R)-Fasiglifam is the inactive isomer of Fasiglifam (HY-10480), and can be used as an experimental control. Fasiglifam (TAK-875) is a potent, selective and orally bioavailable GPR40 agonist with EC50 of 72 nM.
UDP-β-D-glucose disodium is a the stereoisomer of UDP-α-D-glucose. UDP-β-D-glucose disodium is an oligosaccharide that can be used to synthesize glycoproteins and glycolipids. UDP-β-D-glucose disodium can be used as a substrate[1].