RS100329 hydrochloride is a potent and selective α1A-adrenoceptor antagonist with pKi values of 9.6, 7.9 and 7.5 for α1A, α1D, and α1B, respectively. RS100329 hydrochloride inhibits reflex urethral contractions. RS100329 hydrochloride can be used in research of benign prostatic hyperplasia[1][2].
L-771688 is a highly selective α1A-Adrenoceptor antagonist with a Ki of 0.43±0.02 nM.
4-Hydroxypropranolol hydrochlorid is an active metabolite of Propranolol. 4-Hydroxypropranolol hydrochlorid is of comparable potency to Propranolol. 4-Hydroxypropranolol hydrochlorid inhibits β1- and β2-adrenergic receptors with pA2 values of 8.24 and 8.26, respectively. 4-Hydroxypropranolol hydrochlorid has intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, membrane stabilizing activity and potent antioxidant properties[1][2][3].
Dobutamine is a synthetic catecholamine that acts on α1-AR, β1-AR, β2-AR (α-1, β-1 andβ-2 adrenoceptors). Dobutamine is a selective β1-AR agonist, relatively weak activity at α1-AR and β2-AR. Dobutamine can increase cardiac output and correct hypoperfusion[1][2][3][4].
AL-34662 is a selective 5-HT2A receptoragonist (IC50: 0.77 nM and 1.5 nM for rat and human 5-HT2 receptor). AL-34662 is also a weak α-1D adrenergic agonist activity (EC50:0.4 μM). AL-34662 is an ocular hypotensive agent[1][2].
Bevantolol hydrochloride is a selective β1 and α1-adrenergic receptor antagonist with pKi values of 7.83, 6.9 in rat cerebral cortex, respectively. Bevantolol hydrochloride is a potent Ca2+ antagonist[1][2].
Norepinephrine hydrochloride is a β1-selective adrenergic receptor agonist with EC50 of 5.37 μM.
Setiptiline-d3 (Org-8282-d3) is the deuterium labeled Setiptiline. Setiptiline (Org-8282) is a serotonin receptor antagonist. Setiptiline is a tetracyclic antidepressant (TeCA) which acts as a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA). Setiptiline acts as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, α2-adrenergic receptor antagonist, and serotonin receptor antagonist, likely at the 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, and/or 5-HT3 subtypes, as well as an H1 receptor inverse agonist/antihistamine[1][2].
Olanzapine D3 (LY170053 D3) is the deuterium labeled Olanzapine. Olanzapine is 5-HT2 and D1/D2 antagonist. Olanzapine is an antipsychotic agent with anticholinergic properties[1]. Olanzapine induces autophagy, mitochondrial damage and mitophagy in human SH-SY5Y neuronal cell line[2].
β3-AR agonist 2 is a potent and selective β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonist with an EC50 of 8 nM.
Alfuzosin-d7 is the deuterium labeled Alfuzosin[1]. Alfuzosin (SL 77499-10) is an orally active, selective and competitive α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Alfuzosin relaxes the muscles of the prostate and bladder neck, aiding in urination. Alfuzosin can be used in study of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)[2][3].
Bisoprolol is a selective type β1 adrenergic receptor blocker.Target: Adrenergic ReceptorApproved: July 31, 1992Bisoprolol, on beta 1-adrenoceptor peptide induced autoimmune myocardial damage. In the animal model of autoimmune cardiomyopathy induced by active immunization of rabbits with beta 1-adrenoceptor peptide, bisoprolol was given at a dose of 3 mg/day throughout the study period. Our results showed high titer of anti-beta 1-adrenoceptor antibody in the immunized group throughout the study but not in the group receiving only bisoprolol [1]. Bisoprolol administration resulted in a significant reduction in HR reaching 60.3 +/- 1.4 bpm at VT of 500 mL (compared to 70.5 +/- 1.8 bpm with placebo, P < 0.001). Changes in HP were also significant with an increase in HP reaching 1004.5 +/- 22.2 msec at this controlled VT (compared to 860.3 +/- 21.5 msec with placebo, P < 0.001) [2].Toxicity: Oral, mouse: LD50 = 100 mg/kg; Skin, rabbit: LD50 = 200 mg/kg; Skin, rat: LD50 = 500 mg/kg. Symptoms of overdose include congestive heart failure (marked by sudden weight gain, swelling of the legs, feet, and ankles, fatigue, and shortness of breath), difficult or labored breathing, low blood pressure, low blood sugar, and slow heartbeat.
Zinterol (MJ 9184) is a potent and selective β2-adrenoceptor agonist[1]. Zinterol increases ICa in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC50 of 2.2 nM[2].
Besipirdine is a non-receptor-dependent cholinomimetic agent with noradrenergic activity. Besipirdine inhibits voltage-dependent sodium and potassium channels.
Methyldopa is an alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic receptors) psychoactive drug used as a sympatholytic or antihypertensive.Target: alpha-adrenergic agonistMethyldopa is an alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic receptors) psychoactive drug used as a sympatholytic or antihypertensive. Its use is now mostly deprecated following the introduction of alternative safer classes of agents. However, it continues to have a role in otherwise difficult to treat hypertension and gestational hypertension (also known as pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH)).Methyldopa has a dual mechanism of action. It is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme DOPA decarboxylase, also known as aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, which converts L-DOPA into dopamine. Dopamine is a precursor for norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and subsequently epinephrine (adrenaline). This inhibition results in reduced dopaminergic and adrenergic neurotransmission in the peripheral nervous system. This effect may lower blood pressure and cause central nervous system effects such as depression, anxiety, apathy, anhedonia, and parkinsonism. It is converted to α-methylnorepinephrine by dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH). α-methylnorepinephrine is an agonist of presynaptic central nervous system α2-adrenergic receptors. Activation of these receptors in the brainstem appears to inhibit sympathetic nervous system output and lower blood pressure. This is also the mechanism of action of clonidine.
(R)-Terazosin is the R-enantiomer of Terazosin. (R)-Terazosin is a potent α-adrenoceptor antagonist with Ki values of 6.51 nM, 1.01 nM and 1.97 nM for α1a, α1b and α1d-adrenoceptor, respectively[1].
Romifidine hydrochloride is an α2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Romifidine hydrochloride shows sedation effects in vivo[1][2].
PF-610355 is a long-acting inhaled β2-adrenoreceptor agonist, with an EC50 of 0.26 nM. PF-610355 has the potential for the study of asthma and COPD[1].
Cimbuterol-D9 is the deuterium labeled Cimbuterol. Cimbuterol is aβ-adrenergic agonist[1].
Metipranolol is a non-selective β adrenergic receptor blocking agent.
(-)-Penbutolol ((S)-Penbutolol) is a potent β-adrenoceptor and 5-HT receptor antagonist with Ki values of 11.6 nM and 11.9 nM for 5-HT in rat cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) and human CA3. (-)-Penbutolol can increase hippocampal 5-HT output[1][2].
Guanfacine-13C,15N3 is the 13C and 15N labeled Guanfacine[1]. Guanfacine is an orally active noradrenergic α2A agonist and has high selective for the α2A receptor subtype. Guanfacine has effects in producing hypotension and sedation. Guanfacine can be used for the research of a variety of prefrontal cortex (PFC) cognitive disorders, including tourette's syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)[2][3][4].
ZK-90055 hydrochloride is a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist.
Cimaterol-D7 is the deuterium labeled Cimaterol. Cimaterol is a potent agonist of β-adrenergic receptors (pEC50s=8.13, 8.78, and 6.62 for human β1, β2, and β3, respectively). Cimaterol has been used in farmed animals to increase carcass mass and to alter muscle and fat deposition.
(R,R)-Reboxetine mesylate is an antidepressant agent with great bioavailability. (R,R)-Reboxetine is the enantiomer of Reboxetine, which is a selective noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor. Reboxetine consists of (R,R) and (S,S) enantiomer, has low affinity for alpha-adrenergic and muscarinic receptors and low toxicity in animals[1][2].
Naphazoline (Naphthazoline) is a potent α-adrenergic receptor agonist. Naphazoline reduces vascular hyperpermeability and promotes vasoconstriction. Naphazoline reduces the levels of inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6), cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-4), IgE, GMCSF, and NGF。Naphazoline can be used for non-bacterial conjunctivitis research[1][2].
Nadolol (SQ-11725) is a non-selective and orally active β-adrenergic receptors blocker and is a substrate of organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2). Nadolol has the the potential for high blood pressure, angina pectoris and vascular headaches research[1][2][3].
Indacaterol-d3 is deuterium labeled Indacaterol.
(+)-Penbutolol is a β-adrenoceptor antagonist, with an IC50 of 0.74 μM[1]. (+)-Penbutolol is an optical isomer of l-penbutolol with Na+ channel-blocking action[2].
Pronethalol ((±)-Pronethalo) is a non-selective β-adrenergic antagonist. Pronethalol is a potent inhibitor of Sox2 expression. Pronethalol protects against and to reverse Digitalis-induced ventricular arrhythmias, and limits the cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVMs)[1][2].