Omecamtiv mecarbil is a cardiac myosin activator.
CCB02 is a selective CPAP-tubulin interaction inhibitor, binding to tubulin and competing for the CPAP binding site of β-tubulin, with an IC50 of 689 nM, and shows potent anti-tumor activity. CCB02 shows no inhibition on the cell cycle- and centrosome-related kinases, or the phosphorylation status of Aurora A, Plk1, Plk2, CDK2, and CHK1[1].
HDAC-IN-39 (compound 16c) is a potent HDAC inhibitor, with IC50 values of 1.07 μM (HDAC1), 1.47 μM (HDAC2), and 2.27 μM (HDAC3), respectively. HDAC-IN-39 also significantly inhibits microtubule polymerization. HDAC-IN-39 induces cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. HDAC-IN-39 displays promising anticancer activity against resistant cancer cells[1].
Mavacamten-d5 (MYK461-d5; SAR439152-d5) is deuterium labeled Mavacamten (HY-109037). Mavacamten (MYK461) is an orally active modulator of cardiac myosin, with IC50s of 490, 711 nM for bovine cardiac and human cardiac, respectively.
BIRT 377 is a potent amd orally bioavailable inhibitor of the interaction between intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1), with a Ki of 25.8 nM. BIRT 377 also inhibits the production of IL-2 in vivo. BIRT 377 can be used for researching inflammatory and immune disorders[1].
BRD9876 is the “rigor” inhibitor that locks kinesin-5 (Eg5) in a state with enhanced microtubules (MTs) binding, leading to bundling and stabilization of MTs. BRD9876 interacts with the tyrosine 104 residue that is part of the α4-α6 allosteric binding pocket. BRD9876 specifically targets microtubule-bound Eg5 and selectively inhibits myeloma over CD34 cells. BRD9876 has the potential for multiple myeloma (MM) research[1][2][3][4].
PF-3758309 hydrochloride is a potent, orally available, and reversible ATP-competitive inhibitor of PAK4 (Kd= 2.7 nM; Ki=18.7 nM). PF-3758309 hydrochloride has the expected cellular functions of a PAK4 inhibitor: inhibition of anchorage-independent growth, induction of apoptosis, cytoskeletal remodeling, and inhibition of proliferation[1][2][3].
CHM-1, a microtubule-destabilizing agent, inhibits tubulin polymerization. CHM-1 is a potent and selective antimitotic antitumor activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma. CHM-1 induces growth inhibition and apoptosis via G2-M phase arrest in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activation of Cdc2 kinase activity[1][2][3].
Zaurategrast ethyl ester sulfate (CDP323 sulfate), the ethyl ester prodrug of CT7758[1], is a α4β1/α4β7 integrin antagonist used for the treatment of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders[2].
Kolavenic acid analog (KAA) is an anticancer agent. Kolavenic acid analog shows strong activity against HSET-overproducing yeast cells. Kolavenic acid analog inhibits centrosome clustering in human cancer cells containing high HSET levels and supernumerary centrosomes[1].
Glochidiol is an orally active tubulin polymerization inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.76 μM. Glochidiol shows anti-cancer activity[1].
αβ-Tubulin-IN-1 is a potent and orally active αβ-Tubulin inhibitor. αβ-Tubulin-IN-1 induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M and efficient apoptosis. αβ-Tubulin-IN-1 inhibits tumor cell migration and Metastasis. αβ-Tubulin-IN-1 shows significant antitumor efficacy in a dose dependent manner[1].
10-Deacetyl-7-xylosyl paclitaxel is a Paclitaxel derivative with improved pharmacological features and higher water solubility.IC50 value:Target: Microtubule inhibitor10-Deacetyl-7-xylosyl paclitaxel induced mitotic cell cycle arrest and apoptosis as measured by flow cytometry, DNA laddering, and transmission electron microscopy. Pro-apoptotic Bax and Bad protein expression was up-regulated and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL expression down-regulated, which lead to a disturbance of the mitochondrial membrane permeability and to the activation of caspase-9. In turn, caspase-9 activated downstream caspases-3 and -6, but not caspase-8. Bid was also activated by caspase-3. Reversely, treatment with a caspase-10-specific inhibitor could not protect PC-3 cells from 7-xylosyl-10-deacetyl-paclitaxel-triggered apoptosis. Moreover, 7-xylosyl-10-deacetylpaclitaxel had no effect on the expression of CD95 and NF-kappaB proteins, indicating that apoptosis was induced through the mitochondrial-dependent pathway in PC-3 cells.
GSK-923295 is a special, allosteric inhibitor of CENP-E kinesin motor ATPase activity, with Ki of 3.2±0.2 nM and 1.6± 0.1 nM for human and canine, respectively.
Cabazitaxel is a semi-synthetic derivative of the natural taxoid 10-deacetylbaccatin III with potential antineoplastic activity.
Cevipabulin(TTI-237) is a novel, potent, synthetic small molecule, inhibits binding of vinblastine at the Vinca alkaloid site of the αβ-tubulin heterodimer.IC50 value: Target: Antimicrotubule agentin vitro: TTI-237 inhibited the binding of [(3)H]vinblastine to tubulin, but it caused a marked increase in turbidity development that more closely resembled the effect observed with docetaxel than that observed with vincristine. When applied to cultured human tumor cells at concentrations near its IC(50) value for cytotoxicity (34 nmol/L), TTI-237 induced multiple spindle poles and multinuclear cells, as did paclitaxel, but not vincristine or colchicine. Flow cytometry experiments revealed that, at low concentrations (20-40 nmol/L), TTI-237 produced sub-G(1) nuclei and, at concentrations above 50 nmol/L, it caused a strong G(2)-M block. The compound was a weak substrate of multidrug resistance 1 (multidrug resistance transporter or P-glycoprotein). In a cell line expressing a high level of P-glycoprotein, the IC(50) of TTI-237 increased 25-fold whereas those of paclitaxel and vincristine increased 806-fold and 925-fold, respectively. TTI-237 was not recognized by the MRP or MXR transporters [1]. TTI-237 inhibited the exchange of [(3)H]GTP at the exchangeable nucleotide site of the tubulin heterodimer, and was similar to vincristine in its effects on the phosphorylation of eight intracellular proteins in HeLa cells [3].in vivo: TTI-237 was active in vivo in several nude mouse xenograft models of human cancer, including LoVo human colon carcinoma and U87-MG human glioblastoma, when dosed i.v. or p.o [1].
Aha1/Hsp90-IN-1 (Compound 17) is an Aha1/Hsp90 complex inhibitor. Aha1/Hsp90-IN-1 disrupts Aha1/Hsp90 interactions with an IC50 of 3.32 μM. Aha1/Hsp90-IN-1 inhibits tau aggregation[1].
AZ3146 is a reasonably potent and selective Mps1 inhibitor with IC50 of 35 nM for Mps1Cat.
Dynapyrazole A is a specific inhibitor of microtubule dynamin that specifically inhibits the ATPase activity of microtubule-stimulated dynamin without blocking microtubule-independent basal activity[1].
Cyclo(Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Val) (TFA) is an inhibitor of integrin αvβ3, with antitumor activity.
Microtubule inhibitor 4 (compound 2) is a potent microtubule inhibitor. Microtubule inhibitor 4 shows cytotoxicity with IC50s of 4.0, 3.2, 2.1 nM for NCI-H460, BxPC-3, HT-29 cells, respectively. Microtubule inhibitor 4 shows the inhibition of tubulin polymerization[1].
HA-100 hydrochloride is a potent protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 4 μM, 8 μM, 12 μM and 240 μM for cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC) and MLC-kinase, respectively. HA-100 hydrochloride also used as a ROCK inhibitor[1][2].
Myosin Light Chain Kinase Substrate (smooth muscle) is a smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) synthetic peptide substrate[1].
LDV-FITC, a fluorescent peptide, is a FITC-conjugated LDV peptide (HY-P2267). LDV-FITC binds to the α4β1 integrin with high affinity (Kd: 0.3 nM and 12 nM for binding to U937 cells in the presence and absence of Mn2+ respectively). LDV-FITC can be used to detect α4β1 integrin affinity[1][2].
Bexotegrast is a potent inhibitor of ανβ6 integrin. Bexotegrast can be used for researching fibrosis such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) (extracted from patent WO2020210404A1, compound 5)[1].
Gap 26 is a connexin mimetic peptide corresponding to the residues 63-75 of connexin 43, which is a gap junction blocker.
Taccalonolide AJ is a semi-synthesis compound with cellular microtubule stabilizing activity. Taccalonolide AJ exhibits high potency antiproliferative activity against cancer cells, with an IC50 of 4.2 nM for HeLa cells[1].
Eribulin (E7389; ER-086526), a synthetic analogue of halichondrin B in phase III clinical trials for breast cancer, binds to tubulin and microtubules.Target: Microtubule/TubulinEribulin suppressed centromere dynamics at concentrations that arrest mitosis. At 60 nmol/L eribulin (2 x mitotic IC(50)), the relaxation rate was suppressed 21%, the time spent paused increased 67%, and dynamicity decreased 35% (but without reduction in mean centromere separation), indicating that eribulin decreased normal microtubule-dependent spindle tension at the kinetochores, preventing the signal for mitotic checkpoint passage [1]. [(3)H]eribulin binds soluble tubulin at a single site; however, this binding is complex with an overall K(d) of 46 microM, but also showing a real or apparent very high affinity (K(d) = 0.4 microM) for a subset of 25% of the tubulin. Eribulin also binds microtubules with a maximum stoichiometry of 14.7 +/- 1.3 molecules per microtubule (K(d) = 3.5 microM), strongly suggesting the presence of a relatively high-affinity binding site at microtubule ends. At 100 nM, the concentration that inhibits microtubule plus end growth by 50%, we found that one molecule of eribulin is bound per two microtubules, indicating that the binding of a single eribulin molecule at a microtubule end can potently inhibit its growth. Eribulin does not suppress dynamic instability at microtubule minus ends [2]. Eribulin's in vivo superiority derives from its ability to induce irreversible mitotic blockade, which appears related to persistent drug retention and sustained Bcl-2 phosphorylation [3].
Mps1-IN-3 is a potent and selective MPS1 kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 50 nM.
Tubulin polymerization-IN-21 (compound 9a) is a tubulin polymerization inhibitor. Tubulin polymerization-IN-21 exhibits anti-cancer activity through disrupting cellular integrity and affecting glucose metabolism[1].