Atabecestat (JNJ-54861911, JNJ54861911) is a novel potent, oral beta-secretase (BACE) inhibitor for treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.
N6-Cyclohexyladenosine is a selective A1 receptor agonist (EC50 = 8.2 nM). IC50 value: 8.2 nM (EC50)Target: A1 receptorin vivo: N6-Cyclohexyladenosine exerts anticonvulsant effects and protects against neuronal death. CHA was also found to inhibit the pressor effects of lumbar sympathetic nerve stimulation in rats.
Viminol is a centrally acting analgesic agent. Viminol also shows antitussive activity[1][2].
RF9 is a potent and selective Neuropeptide FF receptor antagonist, with Kis of 58±5 and 75±9 nM for hNPFF1R and hNPFF2R, respectively.
RHC 80267 (U-57908) is a potent and selective inhibitor of diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) (with IC50 of 4 μM in canine platelets). RHC-80267 inhibits cholinesterase activity with an IC50 of 4 μM, thereby enhancing the relaxation evoked by acetylcholine. RHC 80267 also inhibits COX and the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC)[1][2][3][4].
Z-321 is a prolylendopeptidase (PEP) inhibitor.
Domperidone is a dopamine blocker and an antidopaminergic reagent.Target: Dopamine ReceptorDomperidone is a useful alternative to metoclopramide for treatment of gastroparesis due to better tolerability. Effectiveness and side-effects from domperidone may be influenced by patient-related factors including polymorphisms in genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters, and domperidone targets [1]. Domperidone is a dopamine D(2) receptor antagonist, which has been used as antiemetic agent in human beings. The percentage recovery of domperidone from wastewater was 95.0%. Celiprolol was used as the internal standard to access the percentage extraction of domperidone from wastewater [2]. Domperidone, a dopamine antagonist that does not easily cross the blood-brain barrier, is considered the gold standard for treating gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) because the risk of developing extrapyramidal adverse effects is considered minimal [3].
Rac-VU 6008667 is a selective negative allosteric modulator of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtype 5 (M5 NAM) with IC50s of 1.2 μM and 1.6 μM for human M5 and rat M5, respectively. Rac-VU 6008667 has high CNS penetration[1].
SCH 32615 is an enkephalinase (the enzymes responsible for the degradation of endogenous enkephalins) inhibitor. SCH 32615 can enhance surgery- and pregnancy-induced analgesia in mice[1][2].
Xanthine amine congener is a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist[1]. Xanthine amine congener induces convulsions in mice[2].
Zaloglanstat (ISC-27864) is the inhibitor of the microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1), and can be used to study asthma, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, acute or chronic pain and neurodegenerative diseases, etc[1].
ML372 is a small molecule SMN modulator that increases SMN protein in patient fibroblasts with EC50 of 37 nM; possesses good potency, pharmacokinetics, tolerance, and CNS penetration that are able to increase levels of SMN protein in several model cell lines; increase SMN protein levels in vivo, restore motor function, and prolong survival of SMNΔ7 SMA Mice; improves the righting reflex and extended survival of a severe mouse model of SMA.
Latrepirdine dihydrochloride is a neuroactive compound with antagonist activity at histaminergic, α-adrenergic, and serotonergic receptors. Latrepirdine stimulates amyloid precursor protein (APP) catabolism and amyloid-β (Aβ) secretion.
Lactacystin, an antibiotic Streptomyces spp. metabolite, is a potent and selective proteasome inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.8 μM for 20S proteasome. Lactacystin also inhibits the lysosomal enzyme cathepsin A[1]. Lactacystin inhibits cell growth and induces neurite outgrowth[2].
Tipepidine reversibly inhibits dopamine (DA) D2 receptor-mediated GIRK currents (IDA(GIRK)) with an IC50 of 7.0 μM. Tipepidine subsequently activates VTA dopamine neuron[1]. Tipepidine, a non-narcotic antitussive, exerts an antidepressant-like effect[2].
Xanthine amine congener dihydrochloride (XAC dihydrochloride) is a potent Adenosine A1 receptor and A2 receptor antagonist with IC50 values of 1.8 and 114 nM, respectively. Xanthine amine congener acts as a convulsant agent in mice model[1].
Monomethyl fumarate-d5 is deuterium labeled Monomethyl fumarate. Monomethyl fumarate, an active metabolite of Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), is a potent GPR109A agonist. Monomethyl fumarate has the potential for multiple neuroprotective pathways and other models of retinal disease[1][2][3].
17-PA is a selective antagonist of neurosteroid potentiation and direct gating of GABAA receptors[1].
ATC0175 is a potent, selective and orally active melanin-concentrating hormone 1 recepter antagonist with IC50s of 13.5, >10000 nM for MCH1R, MCH2R, respectively. ATC0175 shows antidepressant effects and anxiolytic effects in animal models. ATC0175 has the potential for the research of depression and/or anxiety disorders[1].
Cevimeline hydrochloride hemihydrate, a novel muscarinic receptor agonist, is a candidate therapeutic drug for xerostomia in Sjogren's syndrome. IC50 value:Target: mAChRThe general pharmacol. properties of this drug on the gastrointestinal, urinary, and reproductive systems and other tissues were investigated in mice, rats, guinea pigs, rabbits, and dogs. The in vitro metab. of SNI-2011 was also evaluated with rat and dog liver microsomes. After oral administration, plasma concns. of SNI-2011 reached to Cmax within 1 h in both species, suggesting that SNI-2011 was quickly absorbed, and then decreased with a t1/2 of 0.4-1.1 h. The bioavailability was 50% and 30% in rats and dogs, resp. Major metabolites in plasma were both S- and N-oxidized metabolites in rats and only N-oxidized metabolite in dogs, indicating that a large species difference was obsd. in the metab. of SNI-2011. Sex difference was also obsd. in the pharmacokinetics of SNI-2011 in rats, but not in dogs. In the in vitro study, chem. inhibition and pH-dependent studies revealed that the sulfoxidn. and N-oxidn. of SNI-2011 were mediated by cytochrome P 450 (CYP) and flavin-contg. monooxygenase (FMO), resp., in both species. In addn., CYP2D and CYP3A were mainly responsible for the sulfoxidn. in rat liver microsomes.
Brexpiprazole is a partial agonist of human 5-HT1A and dopamine receptor with Kis of 0.12 nM and 0.3 nM, respectively. Brexpiprazole is also a 5-HT2A receptor antagonist with a Ki of 0.47 nM.
β-Caryophyllene-d2 is deuterium labeled β-Caryophyllene. β-Caryophyllene is a CB2 receptor agonist.
D-Leucine is a more potent anti-seizure agent than L-leucine. D-leucine potently terminates seizures even after the onset of seizure activity. D-leucine, but not L-leucine, reduces long-term potentiation but had no effect on basal synaptic transmission in vitro[1].
Nordoxepin hydrochloride is the major metabolite of Doxepin. Doxepin is a tricyclic antidepressant that is widely prescribed for the treatment of mild depression[1].
Medetomidine Hydrochloride is an agonist of adrenergic alpha-2 receptor, which is used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and sedative properties.Target: Adrenergic alpha-2 ReceptorMedetomidine, acting at alpha(2A) adrenoceptors, must be present during the encoding process to decrease discrete cue fear memory; however, its ability to suppress contextual memory is likely the result of blocking the consolidation process [1]. Medetomidine had no analgesic effects in alpha(2A)-adrenoceptor KO mice [2]. Medetomidine was effective in blocking these sympathomimetic actions of cocaine even in all 7 subjects who were homozygous for the Del322-325 polymorphism in the alpha2C AR, a loss-of-function mutation that is highly enriched in blacks [3].
AHN 1-055 hydrochloride is a dopamine uptake inhibitor, with an IC50 of 71 nM. AHN 1-055 hydrochloride binds with high affinity to the dopamine transporter (DAT) and may serve as leads for the development of agentia to treat cocaine abuse[1].
Ro 14-7437 is a potent and selective potentiating antagonist of Midazolam[1].
SB-399885 hydrochloride is a 5-HT6 receptor antagonist.
Pamoic acid disodium is a potent GPR35 agonist with an EC50 value of 79 nM. Pamoic acid disodium induces GPR35 internalization and activates ERK1/2 with EC50 values of 22 nM and 65 nM, respectively. Pamoic acid disodium potently recruits β-arrestin2 to GPR35 and has an antinociceptive effect[1].
PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor-9 (Compound 1) is a potent mTOR and PI3K inhibitor with IC50 values of 38 nM, 6.6 μM, 6.6 μM and 0.8 μM against mTOR (phospho-S6 cellular assay), PI3Kα, PI3Kγ and PI3Kδ, respectively[1].