Kuguacin R is a cucurbitane-type triterpenoid that can be extracted from Momordica charantia L. Kuguacin R possess anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and anti-viral activities[1].
Methyl (E)-cinnamate-d5 is the deuterium labeled Methyl (E)-cinnamate[1]. Methyl (E)-cinnamate (EMC), a phytochemical constituent isolated from Alpinia katsumadai Hayata, is a natural flavor compound with anti-inflammatory properties. Methyl (E)-cinnamate is widely used in the food and commodity industry[2].
Poly-L-lysine hydrochloride is a nonspecific attachment factor for cells useful in promoting cell adhesion to solid substrates by enhancing electrostatic interaction between negatively charged ions of the cell membrane and the culture surface. Poly-L-lysine is a strong-attraction regulator that promotes liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) at low concentrations but suppresses LLPS at high concentrations. Antibacterial cationic peptide.[1].
Tiplimotide (NBI-5788) is an altered peptide ligand (APL) designed from an immunodominant region (83-99) of the neuroantigen myelin basic protein (MBP). Tiplimotide can selectively reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines by pathogenic T-cells. Tiplimotide can be used for the research of multiple sclerosis (MS)[1][2].
AV123 (compound 12) is a non-cytotoxic RIPK1 inhibitor (IC50=12.12 µM). AV123 blocks the TNF-α-induced necroptotic (EC50=1.7 μM) but not the apoptotic cell death. AV123 can be used in the study of necrotic chronic conditions such as ischemia-reperfusion injury of the brain, heart and kidney, inflammatory diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and infectious diseases[1].
Teriflunomide impurity 3 (4-Amino-N-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)benzamide) is a selective COX-1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 30 µM. Teriflunomide impurity 3 is less active against COX-2 (IC50>100 µM)[1].
COX-2-IN-32 (Compound 2f) is an iNOS and COX-2 inhibitor. COX-2-IN-32 decreases the expression of NF-κB. COX-2-IN-32 has anti-inflammatory activity by inhibits NO production in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages (IC50: 11.2 μM)[1].
NF-κB-IN-7 (compound 1B) is a potent NF-κB inhibitor. NF-κB-IN-7 can be used for the research of cancer, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, diabetes and diabetes complications, infections, cardiovascular disease and defective reperfusion injury[1].
Hypaconitine, an active and highly toxic constituent derived from Aconitum species, is widely used to treat rheumatism. IC50 value:Target:In vitro: The present study investigated the metabolism of hypaconitine in vitro using male human liver microsomes. The primary contributors toward HA metabolism were CYP3A4 and 3A5, with secondary contributions by CYP2C19, 2D6 and CYP2E1 [1].In vivo:
Brombuterol hydrochloride (Bromobuterol hydrochloride) is a β-adrenergic receptor agonist[1].
Sphinganine 1-phosphate (D-erythro-Dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate) is a polar sphingolipid metabolite that regulates cell migration, differentiation, survival and complex physiological processes[1].
SDZ-MKS 492 (MKS 492) is a selective type III isozyme inhibitor of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase, effective in allergic bronchoconstriction and platelet activating factor (PAF) or LTB4-induced inflammatory reactions in animals[1].
Monomethyl fumarate, an active metabolite of Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), is a potent GPR109A agonist. Monomethyl fumarate has the potential for multiple neuroprotective pathways and other models of retinal disease[1][2][3].
CAY10583 is a potent and selective full Leukotriene B4 receptor type 2 (BLT2) agonist. CAY10583 directly promotes keratinocyte migration in vitro and accelerates wound closure in vivo. CAY10583 is a promising pharmaceutical agent for diabetic wounds[1].
Desoximetasone(Topicort) is a medication belonging to the family of medications known as topical corticosteroids; is used for the relief of various skin conditions, including rashes.IC50 value:Target: When using desoximetasone, some of the medication may be absorbed through the skin and into the bloodstream. Too much absorption can lead to unwanted side effects elsewhere in the body. To keep this problem to a minimum, avoid using large amounts of desoximetasone over large areas, do not use it for extended periods of time, and do not cover it with airtight dressings such as plastic wrap or adhesive bandages unless specifically told to by your doctor.[1] Children may absorb more medication than adults do. Desoximetasone is for use only on the skin and should be kept out of the eyes.
Influenza A virus-IN-7 (compound 16r) is a potent and orally active influenza A virus inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.43 µM and CC50 of >100 µM. Influenza A virus-IN-7 shows anti-IAV activity with low cytotoxicity. Influenza A virus-IN-7 inhibits the transcription and replication of viral RNA[1].
Tofacitinib is a JAK1/2/3 inhibitor with IC50s of 1, 20, and 112 nM, respectively.
Epirizole (Mepirizole) is an orally active NSAID (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug). Epirizole shows anti-inflammatory activity, and can be used in chronic rheumatoid arthritis research[1].
Aloin (mixture of A&B) is anthraquinone derivative isolated from Aloe vera. Aloin (mixture of A&B) has diverse biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, immunity, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, and antitumor activities. Aloin (mixture of A&B) also an effective inhibitor of stimulated granulocyte matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)[1][2].
Tolmetin sodium is an orally active and potent COX inhibitor with IC50s of 0.35 µM and 0.82 µM human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Tolmetin sodium is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)[1][2].
1,2-Dihydrotanshinone (1,2-Dihydrotanshinquinone) is an abietane diterpene. 1,2-Dihydrotanshinone inhibits the formation of the pathogenic complex formed between (CUG)n-RNA and the splicing-factor muscleblind-like 1 (MBNL1). 1,2-Dihydrotanshinone can be used for the research of myotonic dystrophy type 1[1][2].
PFKFB3-IN-2 is a 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) inhibitor. PFKFB3-IN-2 has potential applications in cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, multiple sclerosis, metabolic diseases, angiogenesis inhibition and other diseases[1].
PF-4950834 is a potent, selective, orally bioavailable, ATP-competitive rho kinase inhibitor with IC50 values of 8.35 nM and 33.12 nM against ROCK2 and ROCK1, respectively. PF-4950834 inhibits neutrophil migration[1].
Dezamizumab (GSK 2398852) is a fully humanized recombinant monoclonal IgG1 anti-serum amyloid P component (SAP) antibody, with potential anti-amyloid activity. Dezamizumab triggers immunotherapeutic clearance of amyloid. Dezamizumab can be used in research of Amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis[1].
Difluprednate(Durezol) is a corticosteroid, approved difluprednate for the treatment of post-operative ocular inflammation and pain.IC50 value:Target: Difluprednate ophthalmic emulsion 0.05% is also being studied in other ocular inflammatory diseases, including a U.S. Phase 3 study evaluating difluprednate for the treatment of anterior uveitis.
KRFK, a peptide derived from TSP-1, can activate TGF-β. KRFK promotes TGF-β-mediated signaling and its downstream role, independent of thrombospondin (TSP) receptors such as CD47 and CD36. KRFK can be used for chronic ocular surface inflammatory disorders reseach[1].
CJ-42794 is a selective prostaglandin E receptor subtype 4(EP4) antagonist, inhibits [3H]-PGE2 binding to the human EP4 receptor with a mean pKi of 8.5, a binding affinity that was at least 200-fold more selective for the human EP4 receptor than other human EP receptor subtypes (EP1, EP2, and EP3).IC50 value: 8.5 (pKi ) [1]Target: EP4in vitro: CJ-042794 competitively inhibits PGE2-evoked elevations of intracellular cAMP levels in HEK293 cells overexpressing human EP4receptor with a mean pA2 value of 8.6. PGE2 inhibits the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in human whole blood (HWB); CJ-042794 reverses the inhibitory effects of PGE2 on LPS-induced TNFα production in a concentration-dependent manner. [1]in vivo: CJ-42794 significantly delays the ulcer healing in rats and mice. The expression of VEGF in primary rat gastric fibroblasts was increased by PGE2 or AE1-329 (EP4 agonist), and these responses were both attenuated by coadministration of CJ-42794.[2]
H-Tyr-Phe-OH (L-Tyrosyl-L-phenylalanine) is an orally active inhibitor of Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE), with an inhibiton rate of 48% at 50 μM. H-Tyr-Phe-OH can be used as an biomarker for differentiating benign thyroid nodules (BTN) from thyroid cancer (TC). H-Tyr-Phe-OH exhibits xanthine oxidase inhibition (uric acid lowering) activity and serves as regulator in IL-8 production in neutrophil-like cells[1][2][3][4].
Cordycepin, which is a nucleoside derivative isolated from Cordyceps, inhibits IL-1β-induced MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) in a dose-dependent manner.
Lirentelimab (AK002) is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that targets sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 8 (SIGLEC8). Lirentelimab induces cell Apoptosis of IL-5-activated eosinophils and inhibits IgE-mediated mast cell activation. Lirentelimab can be used for the research of eosinophilic gastritis and duodenitis[1].