Caffeic acid is an inhibitor of both TRPV1 ion channel and 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO).
Pinokalant is a broad-spectrum and non-selectivecation channel inhibitor. Pinokalant significantly reduces cortical infarct volume. Pinokalant o improves the metabolic and electrophysiologic status of the ischemic penumbra. Pinokalant reduces lesion size on magnetic resonance images in the acute phase following middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats. Pinokalant has the potential for the research of stroke. Pinokalant also shows anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity[1].
NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 (compound 8) is a potent NMDAR/TRPM4 interaction interface inhibitor. NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 shows neuroprotective activity. NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 prevents NMDA-induced cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons, with an IC50 of 2.1 μM. NMDAR/TRPM4-IN-2 protects mice from MCAO-induced brain damage and NMDA-induced retinal ganglion cell loss[1].
A-784168 is a potent and orally active inhibitor of vanilloid receptor type 1 (TRPV1). Vanilloid receptor type 1 (TRPV1) is a ligand-gated nonselective cation channel that is considered to be an important integrator of various pain stimuli such as endogenous lipids, capsaicin, heat, and low pH. A-784168 has good CNS penetration[1].
TRPC6-IN-1 is a Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 6 Channel (TRPC6) inhibitor, with an EC50 of 4.66 μM.
8-Gingerol, found in the rhizomes of ginger (Z. officinale) with oral bioavailability, activates TRPV1, with an EC50 of 5.0 µM. 8-Gingerol inhibits COX-2, and inhibits the growth of H. pylori in vitro[1][2].
Hydroxy-α-sanshool is an alkylamide isolated from pepper, acts as a TRPA1 covalent and TRPV1 non-covalent agonist, with EC50s of 69 and 1.1 µM, respectively[1].
Imperatorin is an effective of NO synthesis inhibitor (IC50=9.2 μmol), which also is a BChE inhibitor (IC50=31.4 μmol). Imperatorin is a weak agonist of TRPV1 with EC50 of 12.6±3.2 μM.
AM12 inhibits Lanthanide-evoked TRPC5 activity with an IC50 of 0.28 μM[1].
Dihydrocapsaicin is a natural capsaicin, acts as a selective TRPV1 agonist, and also increases p-Akt levels. Dihydrocapsaicin enhances the hypothermia-induced neuroprotection[1][2].
Mavatrep is an orally bioavailable TRPV1 antagonist (Ki=6.5 nM), exhibits minimal effect on the enzymatic activity (IC50 > 25 μM) of CYP isoforms 3A4, 1A2, and 2D6.IC50 value: 6.5 nM (Ki, for TRPV1)Target: TRPV1in vitro: Mavatrep exhibits superior pharmacodynamic properties. In a TRPV1 functional assay, using cells expressing recombinant human TRPV1 channels, Mavatrep antagonizes capsaicin-induced Ca2+ influx, with an IC50 value of 4.6 nM. Mavatrep blocks the activation of hTRPV1 channels by Capsaicin (1 μM) and by pH (5.0) in a concentration-dependent fashion, with IC50 values of 23 and 6.8 nM, respectively. in vivo: Mavatrep exhibits superior pharmacodynamic properties in the CFA model of inflammatory pain.
Larixyl acetate is a potent and selective TRPC6 inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.58 μM and 6.83 μM against hTRPC6-YFP and hTRPC3-YFP, respectively. Larixyl acetate prevents HPV and is effective in protecting against traumatic brain injury-induced systemic endothelial dysfunction[1][2].
Olvanil (NE-19550)is an agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) channels with an EC50 of 0.7 nM.Analgesic[1].
Murpanicin (murraxocin) 是一种香豆素，是一种热敏瞬时受体电位香草酸 2 (TRPV2) 通道抑制剂。Murpanicin具有明显的抗炎、杀虫作用。
L-R4W2 is a potent antagonist of vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1, TRPV1), with an IC50 of 0.1 μM. L-R4W2 may act as a potent analgesic[1][2].
TRPV4 antagonist 3 is a TRPV4 antagonist (pIC50 = 8.4).
Hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium salt (Hyperforin DCHA) is a transient receptor canonical 6 (TRPC6) channels activator. Hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium salt modulates Ca2+ levels by activating Ca2+-conducting non-selective canonical TRPC6 channels. Hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium salt shows antidepressant effect[1][2].
Pregnenolone monosulfate-d4 (sodium) is the deuterium labeled Pregnenolone monosulfate. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium (3β-Hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one monosulfate sodium) is a powerful neurosteroid, the main precursor of various steroid hormones including steroid ketones. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium acts as a signaling-specific inhibitor of cannabinoid CB1 receptor, inhibits the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) that are mediated by the CB1 receptors. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium can protect the brain from cannabis intoxication[1][2]. Pregnenolone monosulfate sodium is also a TRPM3 channel activator, and also can weakly activate TRPM1 channels[3].
Pico145 is a remarkable inhibitor of TRPC1/4/5 channels, inhibits (−)-englerin A-activated TRPC4/TRPC5 channels, with IC50s of 0.349 and 1.3 nM in cells, and shows no effect on TRPC3, TRPC6, TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPA1, TRPM2, TRPM8.
Resiniferatoxin ((+)-Resiniferatoxin), is a selective agonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) receptor agonist. Resiniferatoxin can be isolated from the Euphorbia resinifera plant. Resiniferatoxin eliminates TRPV1+ primary sensory afferents and blunt cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex for a relatively long period[1][2].
Piromelatine (Neu-P11) is a melatonin MT1/MT2 receptor agonist, serotonin 5-HT1A/5-HT1D agonist, and serotonin 5-HT2B antagonist. Piromelatine (Neu-P11) possesses sleep promoting, analgesic, anti-neurodegenerative, anxiolytic and antidepressant potentials. Piromelatine (Neu-P11) also possesses pain-related P2X3, TRPV1, and Nav1.7 channel-inhibition capacities[1][2][3].
(Z)-Capsaicin is the cis isomer of capsaicin, acts as an orally active TRPV1 agonist, and is used in the research of neuropathic pain.
TRPC5-IN-3 is a potent TRPC5 inhibitor with IC50 of 10.75 nM (WO2022001767A1, L001)[1].
D-erythro-Sphingosine (Erythrosphingosine) hydrochloride is a specific TRPM3 activator. D-erythro-Sphingosine also induces retinoblastoma protein dephosphorylation[1][2].
SAR7334 is a potent TRPC6 (Transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily C, member 6) inhibitor.
Pulegone, the major chemical constituent of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi essential oil which is an aromatic herb with a mint-oregano flavor, is one of avian repellents[1]. The molecular target for the repellent action of Pulegone in avian species is nociceptive TRP ankyrin 1 (TRPA1). Pulegone stimulates both TRPM8 and TRPA1 channel in chicken sensory neurons and suppresses the former but not the latter at high concentrations[2].