Deltorphin (Deltorphin A; Dermenkephalin) is a biological active peptide. (Deltorphin A peptide was isolated from skin extracts of the South American frog, Phyllomedusa sauvagei. Deltorphin A is a potent and selective agonist for the delta-opioid receptor.)
Bilaid C, a tetrapeptide, can be isolated from the Australian estuarine isolate of Penicillium sp. MST-MF667. Bilaid C is also a potent and selective μ-Opioid Receptor (MOPr) agonist (Ki=210 nM, hMOPr)[1].
DAMGO is a μ-opioid receptor (μ-OPR ) selective agonist.
MT-7716 free base (W-212393) is a selective non-peptide nociceptin receptor (NOP) agonist and promising potential treatment drug for alcohol abuse and relapse prevention[1].
DSLET ([D-Ser2, Leu5, Thr6]-enkephalin) is a highly specific agonist of the δ-receptor. DSLET is an enkephalin-related peptide selectively bound to the δ opioid receptor[1][2].
Leumorphin, human is a potent kappa opioid receptor (κ opioid receptor) agonist. Leumorphin, human inhibits the contraction of the myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation of the guinea pig ileum[1].
MT-7716 hydrochloride (W-212393 hydrochloride) is a selective non-peptide nociceptin receptor (NOP) agonist and promising potential treatment drug for alcohol abuse and relapse prevention[1].
CR 665 (JNJ 38488502) is a peripherally selective κ-opioid agonist. CR 665 can activate the kappa opioid receptor with EC50 value of 10.9 nM. CR 665 can be used for the research of peripheral pain[1][2].
MCOPPB 3Hcl is a nociceptin receptor agonist with pKi of 10.07; weaker activity at other opioid receptors.IC50 value: 10.07 (pKi)Target: nociceptin receptorMCOPPB trihydrochloride is a trihydrochloride form of MCOPPB that is a new nonpeptide nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide (NOP)-receptor agonist with a pKi of 10.07 ± 0.01 for the human NOP receptor.
PL-017 is a potent and selective μ opioid receptor agonist with an IC50 of 5.5 nM for 125I-FK 33,824 binding to μ site. PL-017 produces long-lasting, reversible analgesia in rats[1].
6-Alpha Naloxol(Alpha-Naloxol) is an opioid antagonist closely related to naloxone; a human metabolite of naloxone.IC50 value:Target: opioid antagonistWhen responding over the entire 30 min operant session was examined, naloxone was only 5-fold more potent than 6-alpha-naloxol in suppressing operant responding under Morphine Na ve conditions, but this increased to a 65-fold potency difference after Single or Repeat Morphine pretreatment. Examination of the relative potency of these antagonists in the Early Phase of operant testing (5-15 min post-antagonist) revealed an even greater 100-fold potency difference between naloxone and 6-alpha-naloxol, but in the Late Phase of testing (25-35 min post-antagonist), this had declined to a 9-fold potency difference, comparable to the relative potency of naloxone to 6-alpha-naloxol under Morphine-Na ve conditions.
Alvimopan monohydrate is a peripherally acting mu-opioid receptor (PAM-OR, IC50= 1.7 nM) antagonist for accelerating gastrointestinal recovery after surgery. IC50 Value: 1.7 nM (Mu-type opioid receptor) [1]in vitro: The dissociation rate of alvimopan from the micro opioid receptor (t(1/2)=30--44 min) was comparable to that of the long acting partial agonist buprenorphine (t(1/2)=44 min), but was slower than those of the antagonists naloxone (t(1/2)=0.82 min) and N-methylnaltrexone (t(1/2)=0.46 min) [2].in vivo: Alvimopan did not significantly accelerate GI-3 compared with placebo [6 mg: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.20, p = 0.080; 12 mg: HR = 1.24, p = 0.038). However, after adjustment for significant covariates (sex/surgical duration), benefits were significant for both doses (6 mg: HR = 1.24, p = 0.037; 12 mg: HR = 1.26, p = 0.028). Alvimopan also significantly accelerated time to GI-2 (6 mg: HR = 1.37, p = 0.008; 12 mg: HR = 1.33, p = 0.018) and DCO (6 mg: HR = 1.31, p = 0.008; 12 mg: HR = 1.28, p = 0.015) [3]. Alvimopan (1 and 3 mg/kg) significantly reversed this delayed GI transit when administered 45 min prior to surgery. However, the effects of alvimopan were less pronounced when administered following surgery [4].Toxicity:The most common treatment-emergent adverse events across all treatment groups were nausea, vomiting, and hypotension; the incidence of nausea and vomiting was reduced by 53 percent in thealvimopan 12-mg group [5].Clinical trial: Intercostal Nerve Block With Liposome Bupivacaine in Subjects Undergoing Posterolateral Thoracotomy. Phase 3
6'-GNTI dihydrochloride, a κ-opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, displays bias toward the activation of G protein-mediated signaling over β-arrestin2 recruitment. 6'-GNTI 6'-GNTI dihydrochloride only activates the Akt pathway in striatal neurons[1].
Valorphin is an endogenous hemoglobin β-chain (33-39) fragment with opioid analgesic activity, binds to rat mu-opioid receptor, with an IC50 of 14 nM; Valorphin also shows anti-tumor activity.
Naloxone benzoylhydrazone (NalBzoH) is a mixed agonist/antagonist. Naloxone benzoylhydrazone is a prototypic κ3-opioid receptor agonist, and a partial agonist at the cloned μ and δ opioid receptors, and an antagonist at opioid-like NOP receptors. Naloxone benzoylhydrazone has potently analgesia effect[1][2][3].
[DAla2, DArg6] Dynorphin A, (1-13) (porcine) (DADAD) is an opioid peptide (dynorphinl-13, DYN) derivative found in porcine pituitary extracts. DYN is highly potent at the peripheral opioid receptors GPI and MVD, but is readily and rapidly degraded in vivo. [DAla2, DArg6] Dynorphin A, (1-13) (porcine) has some resistance to enzymatic cleavage and prevents peptide cleavage by enzymes[1].
β-Casomorphin, human is an opioid peptide, acts as an agonist of opioid receptor.
(+)-N-Allylnormetazocine ((+)-SKF 10047) hydrochloride is a benzomorphan opioid with psychotomi metic effects. (+)-N-Allylnormetazocine hydrochloride is an opioid receptor antagonist with Ki values of 300 nM and 27 μM for σ1 and σ2 opioid receptors, respectively. (+)-N-Allylnormetazocine hydrochloride can be used for the research of neurological disease[1][2].
GR 89696 free base is a highly selective κ2 opioid receptor agonist with potential to prevent pruritus[1].
Ro 64-6198 is a nonpeptidic, selective, brain-penetrant agonist of nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor (NOP receptor/ORL1) with pKi of 9.41; displays >100-fold selectivity for ORL1 over other members of opioid receptor family; elicits dose-dependent anxiolytic-like effects in models of distinct types of anxiety states in rata, with no efficient anti-panic-like activity, absence of anticonvulsant properties, and lack of effects on motor performance and cognitive function at anxiolytic doses (0.3 to 3 mg/kg i.p.). Anxiety Discontinued
Eptazocine (Sedapain) is a κ-opioid receptor agonist and μ-opioid receptor antagonist. Eptazocine has the effect of relieving pain[1].
GR103545 is a potent and selective agonist of the κ-opioid receptor (κ-OR). 11GR103545 is a radiotracer for imaging κ-OR in vivo[1][2].
Riminkefon is a kappa opioid receptor agonist[1].
Naloxonazine is a potent and selective opiate mu-1 antagonist that can also affect leishmania by regulating host coding function[1].
Helianorphin-19 is a potent and selective κ-opioid receptor (KOR) activator with a Ki of 21 nM and an EC50 of 45 nM. Helianorphin-19 exhibits strong KOR-specific peripheral analgesic activity in a mouse model of chronic visceral pain[1].
Neuropeptide AF (93-110), Human is an endogenous antiopioid peptide.
Norbinaltorphimine dihydrochloride is a potent and selective κ opioid receptor antagonist.
BRL 52537 hydrochloride is a highly selective κ-Opioid receptor (KOR) agonist with Kis of 0.24 nM and 1560 nM for κ and μ subtypes, respectively. BRL 52537 hydrochloride decreases ischemia-evoked NO production as a potential mechanism of neuroprotection. BRL 52537 hydrochloride attenuates early stroke damage[1].
[D-Ala2]-Met-Enkephalinamide, an opioid peptide, is a potent opioid agonist. [D-Ala2]-Met-Enkephalinamide decreases bile flow by a central mechanism. [D-Ala2]-Met-Enkephalinamide has analgesic properties[1][2].
AR-M 1000390 hydrochloride is an exceptionally selective, potent δ opioid receptor agonist with an EC50 of 7.2±0.9 nM for δ agonist potency.