Men 10376 is a selective tachykinin NK-2 receptor antagonist, with a Ki of 4.4 μM for rat small intestine NK-2 receptor.
Methylene blue trihydrate (C.I. Basic Blue 9 trihydrate) is a guanylyl cyclase (sGC), monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) and NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor. Methylene blue trihydrate is a vasopressor and is often used as a dye in several medical procedures. Methylene blue trihydrate has antinociception, antimalarial, antidepressant and anxiolytic activity effects. Methylene Blue trihydrate has the potential for methemoglobinemias, neurodegenerative disorders and ifosfamide-induced encephalopathytreatment[1][2][3].
SB756050 is a selective TGR5 agonist currently in phase 1clinical trials for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
VUF11207 fumarate (Compound 29) is a CXCR7 agonist and a high-potency CXCR7 (pKi of 8.1) ligand that induces recruitment of β-arrestin2 (pEC50 of 8.8) and subsequent internalization (pEC50 of 7.9) of CXCR7[1].
(±)-Vesamicol hydrochloride ((±)-AH5183 hydrochloride) is a potent vesicular acetylcholine transport inhibitor with a Ki of 2 nM. (±)-Vesamicol hydrochloride also displays high affinity for σ1 and σ2 receptors with Kis of 26 nM and 34 nM, respectively[1][2].
Nebracetam hydrochloride, a nootropic M1-muscarinic agonist, induces a rise of intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Nebracetam hydrochloride exhibits an EC50 of 1.59 mM for elevating [Ca2+]i[1].
Brombuterol D9 (Bromobuterol D9) is a deuterium labeled Brombuterol. Brombuterol is a β-adrenergic receptor agonist[1].
Lasmiditan (COL-144; LY573144) is a high-affinity, highly selective 5-HT1F receptor agonist(Ki=2.1 nM), compared with Ki of 1043 nM and 1357 nM at the 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(1D) receptors, respectively.IC50 value: 2.1 nM (Ki, 5-HT1F); >1000 nM (Ki, 5-HT1B/5-HT1D) [1]Target: 5-HT1F receptorin vitro: In vitro binding studies Lasmiditan showed a K(i) value of 2.21 nM at the 5-HT(1F) receptor, compared with K(i) values of 1043 nM and 1357 nM at the 5-HT(1B) and 5-HT(1D) receptors, respectively, a selectivity ratio greater than 470-fold. Lasmiditan showed higher selectivity for the 5-HT(1F) receptor relative to other 5-HT(1) receptor subtypes than the first generation 5-HT(1F) receptor agonist LY334370. Unlike the 5-HT(1B/1D) receptor agonist sumatriptan, lasmiditan did not contract rabbit saphenous vein rings, a surrogate assay for human coronary artery constriction, at concentrations up to 100 μM [1].in vivo: In two rodent models of migraine, oral administration of lasmiditan potently inhibited markers associated with electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion (dural plasma protein extravasation, and induction of the immediate early gene c-Fos in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis) [1]. Two RCTs in the phase II development of lasmiditan was reviewed. In the intravenous placebo-controlled RCT, lasmiditan doses of 2.5-45 mg were used, and there was a linear association between headache relief (HR) rates and dose levels (P < 0.02). For lasmiditan 20 mg, HR was 64 % and for placebo it was 45 % (NS). In the oral placebo-controlled RCT, lasmiditan doses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg were used. For HR, all doses of lasmiditan were superior to placebo (P < 0.05). For lasmiditan 400 mg, HR was 64 % and it was 25 % for placebo. Adverse events (AEs) emerging from the treatment were reported by 22 % of the patients receiving placebo and by 65, 73, 87 and 87 % of patients receiving 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg, respectively [2].
Vibozilimod (example 33) is a S1p1 receptor agonist (extracted from patent WO2012140020A1)[1].
Pirfenidone D5 (AMR69 D5) is a deuterium labeled Pirfenidone. Pirfenidone is an antifibrotic agent that attenuates CCL2 and CCL12 production in fibrocyte cells. Pirfenidone has growth-inhibitory effect and reduces TGF-β2 protein levels in human glioma cell lines. Pirfenidone also has anti-inflammatory activities[1][2][3].
TUG-499 is a selective free fatty acid receptor 1 (FFAR1 or GPR40) (Free Fatty Acid Receptor) agonist with a pEC50 of 7.39. TUG-499 exhibits >100-fold selectivity over the related receptors FFA2, FFA3, and the nuclear receptor PPARγ and other diverse receptors, ion channels, and transporters. TUG-499 can be used for the research of type 2 diabetes[1].
Oliceridine hydrochloride (TRV130 hydrochloride) is a G protein biased μ opioid receptor agonist with an pEC50 of 8.1.
Cagrilintide is an investigational novel long-acting acylated amylin analogue, acts as nonselective amylin receptors (AMYR) and calcitonin G protein-coupled receptor (CTR) agonist. Cagrilintide induces significant weight loss and reduces food intake. Cagrilintide has the potential for the research of obesity[1][2][3].
Felypressin acetate (PLV-2 acetate) is a non-catecholamine vasoconstrictor and a vasopressin 1 agonist. Felypressin acetate is widely used in dental procedures[1][2].
Histamine is an organic nitrogenous compound involved in local immune responses as well as regulating physiological function in the gut and acting as a neurotransmitter.
Derenofylline is a potent, selective and orally active adenosine A1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 1 nM, 200 nM and 398 nM for human A1, A3 and A2Areceptors respectively. Derenofylline suppresses cardiac fibrosis and attenuates albuminuria without affecting blood pressure in rats[1].
WAY-100635 Maleate is a potent and selective 5-HT1A Receptor antagonist with a pIC50 of 8.87, an apparent pA2 of 9.71.
MSX-2 is A2A adenosine receptor antagonist, with Ki of 5 nM in human that plays an important role in Parkinson's disease[1][2].
DHPG ((RS)-3,5-DHPG) is an amino acid, which acts as a selective and potent agonist of group I mGluR (mGluR 1 and mGluR 5), shows no effect on Group II or Group III mGluRs[1]. DHPG ((RS)-3,5-DHPG) is also an effective antagonist of mGluRs linked to phospholipase D[2].
Mapenterol hydrochloride is a type of β2-adrenoceptor agonist[1].
Clenbuterol hydrochloride (NAB-365 hydrochloride) is a β2 adrenergic receptor agonist. It is a powerful bronchodilator withfat burning properties.
Opioid receptor modulator 1 is a opioid receptor modulator extracted from patent WO2014072809A2, Compound RA11 in EXAMPLE 7.
Fluoroclebopride binds reversibly to dopamine receptors. 18F labeled fluoroclebopride has been used as a probe for studying D2/D3 receptor availability via PET in various monkey models[1][2].
Fenoterol-d6 hydrobromide (Th-1165a-d6) is the deuterium labeled Fenoterol hydrobromide. Fenoterol hydrobromide (Th-1165a), a sympathomimetic agent, is a selective and orally active β2-adrenoceptor agonist. Fenoterol hydrobromide is an effective bronchodilator and can be used for bronchospasm associated with asthma, bronchitis and other obstructive airway diseases research[1][2].
Fluphenazine decanoate is a long-acting phenothiazine neuroleptic that used to treat schizophrenia. Fluphenazine decanoate is also a high and continuous dopamine D2 receptor blocker[1][2][3].
Epinastine(WAL801) is an antihistamine and mast cell stabilizer that is used in eye drops to treat allergic conjunctivitis.Target: Histamine ReceptorEpinastine shows a high affinity to H1-receptors in receptor binding studies in the guinea pig ileum. Epinastine inhibits histamine-induced reactions in the skin or the lung of rats, dogs and guinea pigs [1]. Epinastine is able to displace specific [3H]NC-5Z binding at low concentrations in the locust nervous tissue. Epinastine binds to the honey bees neuronal octopamine receptor with Ki of 1.1 nM. Epinastine antagonises octopamine-induced cAMP formation in the insect brain [2]. Epinastine causes an inhibition of histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells induced by both antigen-antibody reaction and compound 48/80. Epinastine is similarly effective in inhibiting compound 48/80-induced histamine release not only from isolated rat peritoneal mast cells but also from rat mesenterial pieces. Epinastine is effective in inhibiting not only Ca2+ uptake into lung mast cells in actively sensitized guinea pigs but also Ca2+ release from the intracellular Ca store of rat peritoneal mast cells exposed to both compound 48/80 and substance P [3]. Epinastine shows a dose- and time-dependent suppressive effect on IL-8, one of the chemokines for eosinophils, released from eosinophils isolated from atopic diseases [4].
iso-TRAP-6 (iso-SFLLRN) is a PAR-1 agonist that can activate platelets. iso-TRAP-6 is an analog of TRAP-6 (HY-P0078) that refers to the use of isoserine instead of serine as first amino acid[1].
Tozadenant is an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, with Ki of 11.5 nM on human A2A and 6 nM on rhesus A2A.
Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride is an antagonist of the dopamine D2, 5HT2A, potassium channel andsodium channel. Chlorpromazine binds with D2 and 5HT2A with Kis of 363 nM and 8.3 nM, respectively.