Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is an alkaloid isolated from Coptis chinensis with neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities[1]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide is a potent and orally active inhibitor of AChE (IC50=872 nM) over >115-fold selectivity for BuChE[2]. Jatrorrhizine hydroxide reduces uptake of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) via inhibition of uptake-2 transporters[3].
Phenothiazine is an antibiotic which has insecticidal, fungicidal, antibacterial and anthelmintic activities. Phenothiazine also can be used for the research of neurological diseases[1][2].
Metioprim is a competitive inhibitor of bacterial Dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR). Metioprim has inhibitory activity against anaerobic bacteria. Metioprim shows synergistic activity in combination with DDS (HY-B0688) against E. coli. and various mycobacteria[1][2].
BPH-1086 (compound 10) is an IspH inhibitor, IspH domain fused with ribosomal protein S1 (RPS1) can bind to mRNA or form part of the bacterial ribosome[1][2].
Miconazole-d2 is the deuterium labeled Miconazole[1]. Miconazole (R18134) is an imidazole antifungal agent. Miconazole also has antibacterial effects[2][3].
Surfactin is a potent cyclic lipopeptide biosurfactants that mediates flux of mono-and divalent cations, such as calcium, across lipid bilayer membranes. Surfactin can act as an antimicrobial adjuvant with anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, antimycoplasma and hemolytic effects[1][2]. Surfactin also has antiviral activity against a variety of enveloped viruses[3].
Bronopol is an antimicrobial, with low mammalian toxicity (at in-use levels) and high activity against bacteria (especially the troublesome Gram-negative species).
1,4, 6-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-7-prenylxanthone is an antimicrobial agent that can be isolated from the genus garcinia. 1,4, 6-trihydroxy-5-methoxy-7-prenylxanthone inhibits S. aureus and B. cereus with MIC values of 128 μg/mL and 200 μg/mL, respectively[1].
Ceftriaxone is an antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.Target: AntibacterialCeftriaxone inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by means of binding to the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). Inhibition of PBPs would in turn inhibit the transpeptidation step in peptidoglycan synthesis which is required for bacterial cell walls. Like other cephalosporins, ceftriaxone is bacteriocidal and exhibits time-dependent killing. Ceftriaxone, one of the beta-lactam antibiotics, is a stimulator of EAAT2 expression with neuroprotective effects in both in vitro and in vivo models based in part on its ability to inhibit neuronal cell death by glutamate excitotoxicity. Based on this consideration and its lack of toxicity, ceftriaxone has potential to manipulate glutamate transmission and ameliorate neurotoxicity [1].
Azathramycin is an antibiotic.
(±)-Heraclenol, a coumarin, is isolated from the fruits of Angelica lucida, and exhibits antibacterial activities[1].
ML328 is a selective inhibitor of bacterial AddAB and RecBCD helicase-nucleases with IC50 values of 26 and 5.1 μM, respectively. ML328 is a gyrase inhibitor. ML328 strongly inhibits the growth of E. coli in the presence of phage. ML328 can be used for the research of bacterial infection[1][2].
Temporin A is a short alpha-helical antimicrobial peptide isolated from the skin of the frog Rana temporaria. Temporin A is effective against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria. Temporin A interacts directly with the cell membrane of the microorganism and it is non-toxic to erythrocytes at concentrations that are antimicrobial. Temporin A also has antifungal activities (against yeast-like Candida albicans)[1][1][3].
A benzofuran class inhibitor of M. tuberculosis Pks13 (Polyketide Synthase 13); show highly potent in vitro bactericidal activity against drug-susceptible and drug-resistant clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis (MICs: 0.06-0.25 uM); exhibits in vivo efficacy in multiple mouse models of TB infection, has excellent pharmacological and safety profiles.
Cefodizime sodium is a third generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity[1]. Cefodizime sodium has some peculiar merits such as no renal toxic effect, good tolerance and even the activity of immune regulation，and is widely used in the treatment of severe infections of the respiratory and urinary tracts[2].
Benzyl isothiocyanate is a member of natural isothiocyanates with antimicrobial activity[1][2]. Benzyl isothiocyanate potent inhibits cell mobility, migration and invasion nature and matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) activity of murine melanoma cells[2].
Antibiofilm agent-2 (compound 4T) is a potent biofilm inhibitor with an IC50 of 3.6 μM. Antibiofilm agent-2 inhibits the quorum sensing system and iron homeostasis as antibacterial synergists against Pseudomonas aeruginosa[1].
Cefuroxime Axetil, a prodrug of the cephalosporin cefuroxime and an oarl broad spectrum antibiotic, inhibits several gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, including those most frequently associated with various common community-acquired infections[1].
EGCG Octaacetate is a prodrug of Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), utilized to enhance the stability and bioavailability of EGCG in vivo. EGCG Octaacetate has high efficacy, bioavailability, anti-oxidation and anti-angiogenesis capacities[1]. EGCG octaacetate is the potential antibacterial compound for gram-positive bacteria (GPB) and gram-negative bacteria (GNB) [2].
Levofuraltadone (NF-602) is an antibacterial and antiparasitic agent. Levofuraltadone has anti-trypanosomiasis activity and can be used in the study of human african trypanosomiasis as well as bacterial infections[1].
Sulfameter(Bayrena) is a long-acting sulfonamide antibacterial.Target: AntibacterialSulfameter(Bayrena) is a long-acting sulfonamide antibacterial. It is used as a leprostatic agent in the treatment of urinary tract infections.Six physically healthy patients each were given 2 g of sulfameter simultaneously with a high lipid, high protein and high carbohydrate test meal. This experiment was designed as a threefold crossover study, and there was a randomized assignment of patients to the different conditions. The results show that sulfameter is significantly better absorbed when administered with a high lipid meal than when given with a high protein or high carbohydrate meal, demonstrated by the areas under the serum concentration curves (AUC), by the peak serum concentration and by the cumulative renal excretion.
FadD32 Inhibitor-1 is a potent FadD32 inhibitor with anti-tubercular activity[1].
Doripenem is a new member of the carbapenem class of beta-lactam antibiotics with broad-spectrum coverage of Gram-positive, Gram-negative and anaerobic pathogens.Target: AntibacterialDoripenem is an ultra-broad-spectrum injectable antibiotic. It is a beta-lactam and belongs to the subgroup of carbapenems. It was launched by Shionogi Co. of Japan under the brand name Finibax in 2005 and is being marketed outside Japan by Johnson & Johnson. It is particularly active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is recommended that those allergic to doripenem or to any type of beta-lactam antibiotics such as cephalosporin or other Carbapenems not receive doripenem.Doripenem appears as crystalline powder anywhere from a white to somewhat yellowish colour.Doripenem is moderately soluble in water, slightly soluble in methanol, and virtually insoluble in ethanol. Doripenem is also solution in N,N-dimethylformamide. Doripenem's chemical configuration has 6 asymmetrical carbon atoms (6 stereocentres) and is most commonly supplied as one pure isomer. In terms of doripenem for injection, the crystallized powered drug can form a monohydrate when mixed with water. However, Doripenem has not been proven to possess polymorphism.
Mupirocin (BRL-4910A) lithium is an orally active antibiotic isolated from Pseudomonas fluorescens. Mupirocin lithium apparently exerts its antimicrobial activity by reversibly inhibiting isoleucyl-transfer RNA, thereby inhibiting bacterial protein and RNA synthesis[1][2][3][4][5].
AAI101 is an extended-spectrum β-lactamase inhibitor, against many resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
Manoalide is a potent Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and Phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitor. Manoalide, a sesterpenoid compound, displays anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities[1][2][3].
DHDPS-IN-1 (compound 8) is a DHDPS inhibitor (IC50: 39 μM). DHDPS-IN-1 can be used in the area of antibacterial and herbicidal[1].
Meropenem trihydrate is a carbapenem antibiotic with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity.
CCR-11 is an antibacterial agent. CCR-11 can inhibit the proliferation of B. subtilis cells with an IC50 value of 1.2 μM. CCR-11 inhibits HeLa cell proliferation with an IC50 value of 18.1 μM. CCR-11 inhibits bacterial cytokinesis by inhibiting FtsZ assembly. CCR-11 can be used for the research of FtsZ-targeted antibacterial agents[1].
Friulimicin D, a lipopeptide antibiotic, like Friulimicin B, is isolated from the actinomycete Actinoplanes friuliensis[1].