Anti-infectives are drugs that can either kill an infectious agent or inhibit it from spreading. Anti-infectives include antibiotics and antibacterials, antifungals, antivirals and antiprotozoals.

Antibiotics specifically treat infections caused by bacteria, most commonly used types of antibiotics are: Aminoglycosides, Penicillins, Fluoroquinolones, Cephalosporins, Macrolides, and Tetracyclines. New other approaches such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and antibacterial peptides have been considered as alternatives to kill bacteria.

The high rates of morbidity and mortality caused by fungal infections are associated with the current limited antifungal arsenal and the high toxicity of the compounds. The most common antifungal targets include fungal RNA synthesis and cell wall and membrane components, though new antifungal targets are being investigated.

Viral infections occur when viruses enter cells in the body and begin reproducing, often causing illness. Viruses are classified as DNA viruses or RNA viruses, RNA viruses include retroviruses, such as HIV, are prone to mutate. The currently available antiviral drugs target 4 main groups of viruses: herpes, hepatitis, HIV and influenza viruses. Drug resistance in the clinical utility of antiviral drugs has raised an urgent need for developing new antiviral drugs.

Antiprotozoal drugs are medicines that treat infections caused by protozoa. Of which, malaria remains a major world health problem following the emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum that is resistant to the majority of antimalarial drugs. At present, antimalarial discovery approaches have been studied, such as the discovery of antimalarials from natural sources, chemical modifications of existing antimalarials, the development of hybrid compounds, testing of commercially available drugs that have been approved for human use for other diseases and molecular modelling using virtual screening technology and docking.

References:
[1] Scorzoni L, et al. Front Microbiol. 2017 Jan 23;8:36.
[2] Dehghan Esmatabadi MJ, et al. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2017 Feb 28;63(2):40-48.
[3] Raymund R, et al. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011 Oct; 86(10):1009-1026.
[4] Aguiar AC, et al. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012 Nov;107(7):831-45.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
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ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
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Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
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Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
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Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
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Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
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VD/VDR
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Dexelvucitabine

Dexelvucitabine (Reverset; d-d4FC), a Cytidine (HY-B0158) analog, is an orally active nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Dexelvucitabine is a powerful drug against HIV-1-resistant viruses containing a thymidine analog and/or M184V mutation in the viral polymerase. Dexelvucitabine is a 2′-Deoxycytidine antiretroviral agent[1].

  • CAS Number: 134379-77-4
  • MF: C9H10FN3O3
  • MW: 227.19200
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: 1.66g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 394.9ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 192.6ºC

Regdanvimab

Regdanvimab (CT-P59) is a human monoclonal antibody that targets the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, blocking interaction with ACE2 for viral entry. Regdanvimab can be used for the research of COVID-19[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tetramethylkaempferol

Tetramethylkaempferol is an antifungal agent. Tetramethylkaempferol shows antifungal activity against Candida albicansCandida albicans with an IC50 value of 17.63 µg/mL[1].

  • CAS Number: 16692-52-7
  • MF: C19H18O6
  • MW: 342.34
  • Catalog: Fungal
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 540.6±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 239.2±30.2 °C

TBI-166

TBI-166, a riminophenazine analogue, is an orally active anti-tuberculosis agent with fewer adverse reactions than the lead riminophenazine compound, Clofazimine (HY-B1046) [1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 1353734-12-9
  • MF: C32H30F3N5O3
  • MW: 589.61
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Amoxicillin sodium

Amoxicillin Sodium is a moderate- spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic.Target: AntibacterialAmoxicillin is a moderate-spectrum, bacteriolytic, β-lactam antibiotic in the aminopenicillin family used to treat bacterial infections caused by susceptible Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. It is usually the drug of choice within the class because it is better-absorbed, following oral administration, than other β-lactam antibiotics. Amoxicillin is susceptible to degradation by β-lactamase-producing bacteria, which are resistant to a narrow spectrum of β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin. For this reason, it is often combined with clavulanic acid, a β-lactamase inhibitor. This increases effectiveness by reducing its susceptibility to β-lactamase resistance. From Wikipedia.

  • CAS Number: 34642-77-8
  • MF: C16H18N3NaO5S
  • MW: 387.386
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 743.2ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

bilanafos

Bilanafos is a natural organic phosphine tripeptide antibiotic metabolized by Streptomyces hydroscopius or Streptomyces viridochromeogenes. Bialaphos has antimicrobial activity aganist Gram-negative and positive bacteria as well as some fungal plant diseases[1].

  • CAS Number: 35597-43-4
  • MF: C11H22N3O6P
  • MW: 323.28300
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.33g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 793.2ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 159-161ºC
  • Flash Point: 433.5ºC

Moxifloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate

Moxifloxacin (BAY 12-8039) hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active bacterial inhibitor that is effective against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Moxifloxacin hydrochloride monohydrate can be used in tuberculosis research[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 192927-63-2
  • MF: C21H27ClFN3O5
  • MW: 455.91
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 243-246°C dec.
  • Flash Point: N/A

Methoprene

Methoprene is a juvenile hormone (JH) analog, does not kill insects, acts as an insect growth regulator, interferes with an insect's lifecycle and prevents it from reaching maturity or reproducing, is a biological pesticide.

  • CAS Number: 40596-69-8
  • MF: C19H34O3
  • MW: 310.471
  • Catalog: Parasite
  • Density: 0.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 385.7±25.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 164ºC
  • Flash Point: 162.4±17.8 °C

Sulconazole mononitrate

Sulconazole mononitrate ((±)-Sulconazole mononitrate), an imidazole derivative, is a broad-spectrum fungicide and is inhibitory to certain gram-positive anaerobes. Sulconazole mononitrate can be used for the research of dermatomycoses, pityriasis versicolor, and cutaneous candidiasis[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 61318-91-0
  • MF: C18H16Cl3N3O3S
  • MW: 460.76200
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 558.2ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 130.5-132℃
  • Flash Point: 291.4ºC

Valtrate Hydrine B4

Valtrate hydrine B4 is a natural compound with antifungal activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 18296-48-5
  • MF: C27H40O10
  • MW: 524.60000
  • Catalog: Fungal
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Benzene,1-nitro-4-(2-nitroethenyl)-

SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro-IN-15 (compound a) is a beta-nitrostyrene coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor that targets the SARS-CoV-2 3CL protease (3CLpro). SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro-IN-15 inhibits viral replication and transcription and plays a key role in the discovery of anti-COVID-19 lead compounds[1].

  • CAS Number: 3156-41-0
  • MF: C8H6N2O4
  • MW: 194.14
  • Catalog: SARS-CoV
  • Density: 1.401g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 320ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 203-205ºC
  • Flash Point: 156.9ºC

Cefuracetime

SKF81367 is a cephalosporin antibiotic.

  • CAS Number: 39685-31-9
  • MF: C17H17N3O8S
  • MW: 423.39700
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Guaijaverin

Guaijaverin is a urease inhibitor with an IC50 of 120 μM. Guaijaverin shows antioxidant and anti-Streptococcus mutans activities[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 22255-13-6
  • MF: C20H18O11
  • MW: 434.350
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.9±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 828.1±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 296.3±27.8 °C

SARS-CoV-2-IN-63

SARS-CoV-2-IN-63 (Compound R3e) is an inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 replication and has low cytotoxicity. SARS-CoV-2-IN-63 inhibits viral replication in Vero E6 cells and Calu-3 cells, with EC50 values of 1.99 μM and 1.92 μM, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 2350285-21-9
  • MF: C20H21N3O3Se
  • MW: 430.36
  • Catalog: SARS-CoV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Sarecycline hydrochloride

Sarecycline hydrochloride is a narrow-spectrum tetracycline-class antibiotic. Sarecycline hydrochloride possesses anti-inflammatory properties and potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria, including activity against multiple strains of Cutibacterium acnes. Sarecycline hydrochloride interferes with tRNA accommodation and tethers mRNA to the 70S ribosome[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 1035979-44-2
  • MF: C24H30ClN3O8
  • MW: 523.963
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

salvinolone

Salvinolone is active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE). Salvinolone shows cytotoxic activity with an IC50 of 47.6 μM against the HL-60 tumor cell line for 72 h[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 120278-22-0
  • MF: C20H26O3
  • MW: 314.41900
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.18±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 498.8±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 253-254 °C
  • Flash Point: N/A

Nalidixic Acid-d5

Nalidixic Acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled Nalidixic acid. Nalidixic acid, a quinolone antibiotic, is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Nalidixic acid acts in a bacteriostatic manner in lower concentrations and is bactericidal in higher concentrations. Nalidixic acid inhibits a subunit of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV and reversibly blocks DNA replication in susceptible bacteria[1].

  • CAS Number: 1189467-36-4
  • MF: C12H12N2O3
  • MW: 232.23528
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 229-230°C
  • Flash Point: N/A

Pexiganan

Pexiganan (MSI 78 free base) is a synthetic analog of magainin 2. Pexiganan is a potent and orally active broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptide. Pexiganan can be used in the research of infections, such as diabetic foot ulcer infections[1].

  • CAS Number: 147664-63-9
  • MF: C122H209N31O23
  • MW: 2478.16000
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.18g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 2261.8ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 1321.7ºC

WQ 2743

WQ 2743 is a potent antimicrobial agent.

  • CAS Number: 189280-13-5
  • MF: C19H15BrF3N5O3
  • MW: 498.253
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.8±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 683.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 367.1±31.5 °C

SARS-CoV-2-IN-13

SARS-CoV-2-IN-13 (compound 5) is a potent inhibitor of SARS-CoV-2 with an IC50 of 0.057 μM. SARS-CoV-2-IN-13 is a niclosamide analogue. SARS-CoV-2-IN-13 contains higher stability in human plasma and liver S9 enzymes assay than niclosamide, which can improve bioavailability and half-life when administered orally[1].

  • CAS Number: 56961-10-5
  • MF: C13H8Cl2N2O4
  • MW: 327.12
  • Catalog: SARS-CoV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate disodium

Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (disodium) inhibits replication of HIV-1 in vitro. Glycolithocholic acid 3-sulfate (disodium) can be used for the research of HIV infection and gallbladder disease[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 64936-82-9
  • MF: C26H41NNa2O7S
  • MW: 557.65
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dasabuvir sodium

Dasabuvir (ABT-333) sodium is a nonnucleoside hepatitis C virus (HCV) polymerase inhibitor. Dasabuvir sodium inhibits RNA-dependent RNA polymerase encoded by the HCV NS5B gene. Dasabuvir sodium inhibits genotype 1a (strain H77) and 1b (strain Con1) replicons, with EC50 values of 7.7 and 1.8 nM, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 1132940-11-4
  • MF: C26H26N3NaO5S
  • MW: 515.55700
  • Catalog: HCV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate

Cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate is a cationic quaternary ammonium compound, used in some types of mouthwashes, toothpastes, throat and nasal sprays, is an antiseptic that kills bacteria and other microorganisms, effective in preventing dental plaque and reducing gingivitis.

  • CAS Number: 6004-24-6
  • MF: C21H40ClNO
  • MW: 358.001
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 81-84 °C
  • Flash Point: N/A

cefadroxil monohydrate

Cefadroxil hydrate (BL-S 578 hydrate) is an orally active and first-generation cephalosporin with a broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Cefadroxil hydrate (BL-S 578 hydrate) also acts as a substrate of the peptide transporter PEPT1 and PEPT2[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 66592-87-8
  • MF: C16H19N3O6S
  • MW: 381.404
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 789.9ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 197ºC
  • Flash Point: 431.5ºC

rabdoserrin A

Rabdoserrin A is a diterpenoid. Rabdoserrin A has antifungal activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 96685-01-7
  • MF: C20H26O5
  • MW: 346.41700
  • Catalog: Fungal
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Bictegravir Sodium

Bictegravir sodium is a potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase, with an IC50 of 7.5 nM. Bictegravir sodium exhibits potent and selective anti-HIV activity and low cytotoxicity[1].

  • CAS Number: 1807988-02-8
  • MF: C21H17F3N3NaO5
  • MW: 471.362
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CCR5 antagonist 1

CCR5 antagonist 1 is a CCR5 antagonist which can inhibit HIV replication extracted from WO 2004054974 A2.

  • CAS Number: 716354-86-8
  • MF: C39H46ClF2N5O3S
  • MW: 738.33
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PF 1022A

PF 1022A is a N-methylated cyclooctadepsipeptides (CODPs) with strong anthelmintic properties; acts as an ionophore.IC50 value:Target: PF 1022A showed strong anthelmintic activities against Ascaridia galli in chickens [1]. PF1022A is a novel anthelmintic that binds to the latrophilin-like transmembrane receptor important for pharyngeal pumping in nematodes. Furthermore, PF1022A binds to GABA receptors, which might contribute to the anthelmintic effect. Like other cyclodepsipeptides, PF1022A acts as an ionophore [2]. In vitro, PF1022A showed low activity on embryonation but significantly inhibited egg hatch (10 and 100 μg/ml), whereas albendazole (10 and 100 μg/ml) revealed statistically significant inhibitions of both embryonation and egg hatch. PF1022A (1-100 μg/ml) completely inhibited larval movement at most examination points [3].

  • CAS Number: 133413-70-4
  • MF: C52H76N4O12
  • MW: 949.17900
  • Catalog: Parasite
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3'-DMTr-dG(iBu)

3'-DMTr-dG(iBu) is a nucleoside for the synthesis of nucleic acid, such as antiviral agents used in the research of viral infection (HBV, HDV), and oligonucleotides against Alzheimer’s disease and other tauopathies[1].

  • CAS Number: 140839-24-3
  • MF: C44H54N7O8P
  • MW: 839.92
  • Catalog: HBV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

broxyquinoline

Broxyquinoline is an antiprotozoal agent.

  • CAS Number: 521-74-4
  • MF: C9H5Br2NO
  • MW: 302.950
  • Catalog: Parasite
  • Density: 2.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 370.5±37.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 198-200 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 177.9±26.5 °C