μ opioid receptor agonist 2 （Compound H-3）is an optically pure oxaspiro ring substituted pyrrolopyrazole derivative, acts as a MOR receptor agonist and can be used for the research of pain and pain related diseases[1].
S1RA Hcl(E-52862 Hcl) is a potent and selective sigma-1 receptor(σ1R, Ki=17 nM) antagonist, showed good selectivity against σ2R (Ki > 1000 nM).IC50 value: 17 nM (Ki) [1]Target: σ1R antagonistin vitro: S1RA behaved as a highly selective σ1 receptor antagonist. It showed high affinity for human (Ki= 17 nM) and guinea pig (Ki= 23.5 nM) σ1 receptors but no significant affinity for the σ2 receptors (Ki > 1000 nM for guinea pig and rat σ2 receptors). Moderate affinity (Ki= 328 nM) and antagonistic activity, with very low potency (IC50= 4700 nM) was found at the human 5-HT2B receptor. S1RA showed no significant affinity (Ki > 1 μM or % inhibition at 1 μM < 50%) for other additional 170 targets (receptors, transporters, ion channels and enzymes) [2].in vivo: Control (non-operated) and nerve-injured mice received a single or repeated (twice daily for 12 days) i.p. administration of S1RA at 25 mg·kg?1, the same dose used for the assessment of behavioural hypersensitivity in the chronic treatment study. Acute treatment was given on day 12 post-surgery and repeated treatment with S1RA started the day of surgery, as in the behavioural studies [2]. Intrathecal pre-treatment with idazoxan prevented the systemic S1RA antinociceptive effect, suggesting that the S1RA antinociception depends on the activation of spinal α2 -adrenoceptors which, in turn, could induce an inhibition of formalin-evoked glutamate release. When administered locally, intrathecal S1RA inhibited only the flinching behavior, whereas intracerebroventricularly or intraplantarly injected also attenuated the lifting/licking behavior [3].
IPSU is a selective, orally available and brain penetrant OX2R antagonist with a pKi of 7.85.
UFP-101 is a potent, selective, and competitive antagonist of the nociceptin/orphanin FQ (NOP) receptor, with a pKi of 10.24. UFP-101 displays >3000-fold selectivity over δ, μ and κ opioid receptors. UFP-101 shows antidepressant-like effect[1][2].
MEN 10207 is a selective NK-2 tachykinin receptor (Neurokinin Receptor) antagonist. MEN 10207 has pA2 values of 5.2, 7.9 and 4.9 in three monoreceptor in vitro assays for NK-1, NK-2 and NK-3 tachykinin receptors, respectively[1][2].
Vilazodone (EMD 68843; SB 659746A) is a combined serotonin specific reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and 5-HT1A receptor partial agonist currently under clinical evaluation for the treatment of major depression.IC50 value:Target: SSRI; 5-HT1AVilazodone represents another option for the treatment of MDD. Vilazodone appears to have a favourable weight-gain profile based on short-term studies. Sexual side-effects were not consistently demonstrated when assessed using clinical rating scales but spontaneously reported AEs related to sexual functioning were observed. Additional controlled data regarding long-term efficacy and effectiveness will help characterise this new agent when used in maintenance treatment.
Desvenlafaxine succinate hydrate is an antidepressant of the serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI).
Clomipramine D3 hydrochloride is a deuterium labeled Clomipramine hydrochloride. Clomipramine hydrochloride is a serotonin transporter (SERT), norepinephrine transporter (NET) dopamine transporter (DAT) blocker with Ki of 0.14, 54 and 3 nM, respectively[1][2].
Pimozide is a dopamine receptor antagonist, with Kis of 1.4 nM, 2.5 nM and 588 nM for dopamine D2, D3 and D1 receptors, respectively, and also has affinity at α1-adrenoceptor, with a Ki of 39 nM; Pimozide also inhibits STAT3 and STAT5.
Nicardipine(YC-93) is a calcium channel blocker that has been widely used to control blood pressure in severe hypertension following events such as ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, and intracerebral hemorrhage.
Etifoxine Hcl(HOE 36-801) is potentiator of GABAA receptor function in cultured neurons. Etifoxine preferentially acts on β2 or β3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. IC50 value:Target: GABAA receptorEtifoxine exhibits anxiolytic activity in rodents and humans with no sedative, myorelaxant or mnesic side effects. Etifoxine acts as a ligand of the translocator protein (TSPO); promotes axonal regeneration.
Cannabisin D inhibits proliferation and migration of glioblastoma cells through MAPKs signaling[1].
OMDM-4 is a selective and metabolically stable inhibitor of anandamide cellular uptake (ACU), with a Ki 17.7 μM[1].
Lobeline hydrochloride, a nicotinic receptor agonist, acting as a potent antagonist at both α3β2 and α4β2 neuronal nicotinic receptor subtypes.
Met-Enkephalin-Arg-Phe is a naturally occurring heptapeptide with analgesic activity[1].
VCP171 is a potent adenosine A1 receptor (A1R) positive allosteric modulator (PAM). VCP171 is effective at decreasing excitatory synaptic currents in Lamina II of neuropathic pain model. VCP171 can be used for researching neuropathic pain[1].
Maprotiline HCl is a selective noradrenalin re-uptake inhibitor and a tetracyclic antidepressant.Target: OthersMaprotiline (sold as Deprilept, Ludiomil, Psymion) is a tetracyclic antidepressant (TeCA). However, Maprotiline's fourth ring is spurious, as formed by a bridge across the central tricyclic ring. It is a strong norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with only weak effects on serotonin and dopamine reuptake. It exerts strong blocking effect at H1 receptors, moderate at 5-HT2 and alpha1 and weak blocking effect at D2 and mACh postsynaptic receptors [1, 2].
N-(3-Methoxybenzyl)stearamide a natural product from Lepidium meyenii (Maca), inhibits human and mouse soluble epoxide hydrolase (hsEH and msEH) with IC50s of 0.001 and <0.001 μg/nM, respectively[1].
(S)-Remoxipride ((-)-Remoxipride) is a selective dopamine D2-receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of 1.57 μM. (S)-Remoxipride can be used for the research of psychotic disorder[1].
Zimelidine dihydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of serotonin 5-HT uptake and SERT. Zimelidine dihydrochloride is an antidepressant[1].
O-desmethyl Mebeverine acid is a metabolite of Mebeverine, which is a musculotropic antispasmodic drug.
BPN-15477 is a potent SMC (splicing modulator compound) that restores correct splicing of ELP1 (Elongator complex protein 1) exon 20. BPN-15477 corrects splicing of the ELP1 transcript, significantly increases the level of functional protein in vivo in all tissues, including brain. BPN-15477 can be used for frontotemporal dementia research[1].
Physostigmine salicylate (Eserine salicylate) is a reversible acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. Physostigmine salicylate crosses the blood-brain barrier and stimulates central cholinergic neurotransmission. Physostigmine salicylate can reverse memory deficits in transgenic mice with Alzheimer's disease. Physostigmine salicylate is also an antidote for anticholinergic poisoning[1][2][3][4].
TCS 46b (Compound 46b) is a potent, selective and orally active NMDA NR1A/2B receptor antagonist with an IC50 of 5.3 nM[1].
Waglerin-1, a 22-amino acid peptide, is a competitive antagonist of the muscle nicotinic receptor (nAChR)[1].
Omigapil maleate (CGP3446B maleate) is an orally bioavailable apoptosis inhibitor. Omigapil maleate can be used for the research of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD)[1]. Omigapil maleate, a GAPDH nitrosylation inhibitor, abrogates Aβ1-42-induced tau acetylation, memory impairment, and locomotor dysfunction in mice, suggesting that Omigapil maleate has the potential for the research of Alzheimer's disease[2].
Gly-Pro-Glu is a neuroactive peptide with a potent action on acetylcholine release. Gly-Pro-Glu is the N-terminal tripeptide of insulin-like growth factor-I. Gly-Pro-Glu inhibits glutamate binds to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor with an IC50 value of 14.7 μM. Gly-Pro-Glu can be used for the research of neuroprotection [1][2].
WAY-181187 (SAX-187) oxalate is a potent and selective full 5-HT6 receptor agonist with a Ki of 2.2 nM and an EC50 of 6.6 nM. WAY-181187 oxalate mediates 5-HT6 receptor-dependent signal pathways, such as cAMP, Fyn and ERK1/2 kinase, as specific agonist[1][2].
Cis-piperidine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid is a non-specific antagonist of NMDA, AMPA and kainate ionotropic receptors and a partial agonist for NMDA receptors. Cis-piperidine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid can be used in blocking general excitatory synaptic transmissions[1].
Afloqualone is a agonist of GABA receptor .Target: GABA Receptorin vitro: Afloqualone is a quinazolinone family GABAergic drug.Afloqualone is an analogue of methaqualone. It has sedative and muscle-relaxant effects, resulting from its agonist activity at the β subtype of the GABAa receptor.in vivo: Afloqualone slightly increased the response during the alarm period in one out of 3 rats at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg p.o., respectively.