BP 897 is a potent and selective dopamine D3 receptor agonist, and a weak dopamine D2 receptor antagonist, with Kis of 0.92 nM and 61 nM for D3 and D2 receptors, and shows low affinities at D1 and D4 receptors (Kis, 3 and 0.3 µM, respectively).
PNU-120596 (NSC 216666 ) is a potent and selective positive allosteric α7 nAChR modulator with an EC50 of 0.2 μM.IC50 value: 0.2 uM (EC50) [1] Target: α7in vitro: PNU-120596 increases agonist (Ach)-evoked calcium flux mediated by an engineered variant of the human α7 nAChR. PNU-120596 increases agonists (choline and ACh)-evoked currents mediated by wild-type receptors and also demonstrates a pronounced prolongation of the evoked response in the continued presence of agonist in Xenopus oocytes. PNU-120596 increases the channel mean open time ofα7 nAChRs but has no effect on ion selectivity and relatively little, if any, effect on unitary conductance. When applied to acute hippocampal slices, PNU-120596 increases the frequency of ACh-evoked GABAergic postsynaptic currents measured in pyramidal neurons; this effect is suppressed by TTX, suggesting that PNU-120596 modulates the function of α7 nAChRs located on the somatodendritic membrane of hippocampal interneurons [1]. Besides the positive modulation to α7 nAChR, PNU-120596 induces a profound retardation of the kinetics of desensitization, raising the potential of Ca2+-induced toxicity through excessive stimulation of α7 nAChR [2]. PNU-120596 causes changes in cysteine accessibility at the inner beta sheet, transition zone and agonist binding site while binding to α7 nAChR. Binding sites for PNU-120596 are not in the agonist-binding sites and PNU-120596 enhances agonist-evoked gating of nicotinic receptors by eliciting conformational effects that are similar but nonidentical to the gating conformations promoted by Ach [3].in vivo: Systemic administration of PNU-120596 (1 mg/kg) to rats improves the auditory gating deficit caused by amphetamine, a model proposed to reflect a circuit level disturbance associated with schizophrenia. [1] When administered prior to Carrageenan, 30 mg/kg PNU-1230596 significantly blunts mechanical hyperalgesia and weight bearing deficits for up to 4 hours. PNU-120596 attenuates the carrageenan-induced increase in levels of TNF-α and IL-6 within the hindpaw oedema, diclofenac only attenuated IL-6 levels. Established mechanical hyperalgesia induced by Carrageenan or CFA is also partially reversed by PNU-120596 [4].
ORL1 antagonist 1 is an opioid receptor-like 1 (ORL1) antagonist with an IC50 of 61 nM.
Pericyazine-d4 (Propericiazine-d4) is the deuterium labeled Pericyazine. Pericyazine (Propericiazine) is a first-generation antipsychotic agent that is used as an adjunct to the short-term management of severe anxiety states and psychosis[1]. Pericyazine is a selective D2-dopamine receptor antagonist[2][3]. Pericyazine has adrenolytic, anticholinergic, and extrapyramidal effects[4].
Antisauvagine-30 (aSvg-30) is a potent, competitive and selective CRF2 receptor antagonist with Kd values of 1.4 nM and 153.6 nM for mouse CRF2β and rat CRF1 receptors, respectively[1].
RS-25344 hydrochloride is a selective cAMP-phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE 4; PDE IV) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.28 nM in human lymphocytes. RS-25344 hydrochloride has only weak inhibitory effects on PDE I, II, III (IC50 of >100 μM, 160 μM, 330 μM, respectively). RS-25344 hydrochloride has anti-inflammatory, memory- and cognition enhancing, and antineoplastic effects[1][2].
nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride is a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of nAChR containing a α4:α4 subunit interface. nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride enhances the response of (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR to ACh (10 µM) with an EC50 of 0.26 µM. nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride has potential for the research of nicotine dependence and many neuropsychiatric conditions associated with decreased brain cholinergic activity[1][2].
Rasagiline Mesylate is a new MAO-B inhibitor for the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Target: Monoamine Oxidase (MAO)-BRasagiline (N-propargyl-1-(R)-aminoindan) is a novel, highly potent irreversible monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor, anti-Parkinsonian drug. Rasagiline is effective as monotherapy or adjunct to L-Dopa for patients with early and late Parkinson's disease (PD) [1]. Rasagiline inhibits MAO-B more potently than selegiline and has the advantage of once-daily dosing. In several large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, rasagiline has demonstrated efficacy as monotherapy in early PD and as adjunctive therapy in advanced PD. In addition, rasagiline has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in in vitro and in vivo studies. The recently completed delayed-start ADAGIO (Attenuation of Disease Progression with Azilect Given Once-daily) trial suggests a potential disease-modifying effect for rasagiline 1 mg/day, though the clinical import of this finding has yet to be established [2]. Rasagiline has been found to be well tolerated and effective in the treatment of early PD and as adjunctive treatment in motor fluctuations. Whether rasagiline is associated with clinically significant neuroprotection (ie, disease modification) in PD is the subject of ongoing clinical trials [3].
Edonerpic maleate is a novel neurotrophic agent which can inhibit amyloid-β peptides (Aβ).
6β-Naltrexol (6β-Hydroxynaltrexone), the primary metabolite of Naltrexone, is a peripherally selective opioid antagonist. 6β-Naltrexol selectively inhibits gastrointestinal opioid effects in human subjects and inhibits Morphine-induced slowing of gastrointestinal transit[1].
Anxiolytic/nonsedative agent-1 (compound 2b) is a potent and selective GABAA agonist. Anxiolytic/nonsedative agent-1 shows appreciable affinity for the BzR in bovine brain membranes with Kis of 14, 121, 239 nM for α1β2γ2, α2β2γ2, α5β3γ2, respectively. Anxiolytic/nonsedative agent-1 shows α2 selective efficacy in vitro and anxioselective effects in vivo[1].
Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate, a Wagerlin-1-mimicking peptide, is a mAChR antagonist. Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate can induce muscle relaxation[1].
Nav1.7 inhibitor is a potent Nav1.7 inhibitor.IC50 value:Target: Nav1.7Preparation of sulfonamide derivatives as Nav1.7 inhibitorsBy Brown, Alan Daniel; Rawson, David James; Storer, Robert Ian; Swain, Nigel Alan From PCT Int. Appl. (2012), WO 2012007868 A2 20120119.
Cebranopadol is an analgesic NOP and opioid receptor agonist with Kis/EC50s of 0.9 nM/13 nM, 0.7 nM/1.2 nM, 2.6 nM/17 nM, 18 nM/110 nM for human NOP, MOP, KOP and delta-opioid peptide (DOP) receptor, respectively.
Triprolidine hydrochloride monohydrate is an orally active, cell-permeable and first-generation histamine H1 antagonist[1]. Triprolidine hydrochloride monohydrate is an antihistamine and can be used in allergic rhinitis; asthma; and urticaria[2].
H-1152 is a membrane-permeable and selective ROCK inhibitor, with a Ki value of 1.6 nM, and an IC50 value of 12 nM for ROCK2.
Octahydroaminoacridine, a Tacrine analogue, is an acetylcholinesterse (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) inhibitor. Octahydroaminoacridine can be used for Alzheimer's disease (AD) research[1].
CART(62-76)(human,rat) is a neuropeptide (62-76 residues of the CART peptide) with neurotransmitter-like effects. CART(62-76)(human,rat) can modulate the activity of striatal noradrenergic and corticostriatal and hypothalamic serotoninergic (5-HT) system in the rat brain[1].
β-Secretase Inhibitor IV is a potent, cell-active BACE-1 inhibitor with IC50s of 15.6 and 16.3nM under BACE-1 concentrations of 2 nM and 100 pM, respectively.
SNAP 94847 hydrochloride is a novel, high affinity selective melanin-concentrating hormonereceptor1 (MCHR1) antagonist with (Ki= 2.2 nM, Kd=530 pM), it displays >80-fold and >500-fold selectivity over MCHα1A and MCHD2 receptors respectively. SNAP 94847 hydrochloride binds with high affinity to the mouse and rat MCHR1 with minimal cross-reactivity to other GPCR, ion channels, enzymes, and transporters[1][3].
Fanapanel (ZK200775) is a highly selective AMPA/kainate antagonist with little activity against NMDA; have Ki values of 3.2 nM, 100 nM, and 8.5 μM against quisqualate, kainate, and NMDA, respectively.
Leptomerine, an alkaloid from stems of Esenbeckia leiocarpa Engl. (Rutaceae) as potential treatment for Alzheimer Disease. Leptomerine inhibits acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) with an IC50 of 2.5 μM. Anticholinesterasic activity[1].
SR10067 is a potent, selective and brain penetrant Rev-Erbα/β agonist, with IC50 values are 160 and 170 nM for Rev-Erbβ and Rev-Erbα, respectively. SR10067 has anxiolytic activity[1][2].
mGluR2 modulator 1 (compound 95) is a potent and BBB-penetrated mGluR2 (metabotropic glutamate receptor-2) positive allosteric modulator, with an EC50 of 0.03 μM. mGluR2 modulator 1 can be used for psychosis research[1].
Alytesin, a bombesin-like peptide, is found in extracts of the skin of Alytes obstetricans. Alytesin reduces gastric acid secretion and induces hypertension. Alytesin also induces short-term anorexigenic effects in neonatal chicks[1][2][3]
6-Acetonyl-N-methyldihydrodecarine is a natural alkaloid that can be isolated from roots of Zanthoxylum rigidum. An inhibitor of monoamine oxidases[1].
FEMA 4809 is a TRPM8 receptor agonist (EC50=0.2 nM) for use as a cooling agent. TRPM8 is the ion channel responsible for the cool perception[1].
Tau Peptide (275-305) (Repeat 2 domain) is the Alzheimer's tau fragment R2, corresponding to the second repeat unit of the microtubule-binding domain, which is believed to be pivotal to the biochemical properties of full tau protein[1].
3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole is a more potent and selective inhibitor of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) than eNOS or inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). 3-Bromo-7-nitroindazole affects the intercellular messenger nitric oxide (NO) synthesis throughout the body and brain[1].
Lexanersen (WVE-120102) is an antisense oligonucleotide used for the study of Huntington's disease[1].