Stem cells are required for continuous tissue maintenance within diverse organs, stem cell activity is often externally dictated by the microenvironment (the niche) so that stem cell output is precisely shaped to meet homeostatic needs or regenerative demands. Several key signaling pathways have been shown to play essential roles in this regulatory capacity. Specifically, the JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, Smad, PI3K/phosphatase and tensin homolog, and NK-κB signaling pathways have all been shown experimentally to mediate various stem cell properties, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation.

Recent studies mainly focus on cancer stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, neural stem cell and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, growth, and recurrence. Numerous agents have been developed to specifically target CSCs by suppressing the expression of pluripotency maintaining factors Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, and c-Myc and transcription of GLI. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells, and a self-renewing resource, and scientists can experiment with an unlimited number of pluripotent cells to perfect the process of targeted differentiation, transplantation, and more, for personalized medicine. Novel pathological mechanisms have been elucidated, new drugs originating from iPSC screens are in the pipeline and the first clinical trial using human iPSC-derived products has been initiated.

References:
[1] Clevers H, et al. Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):1248012.
[2] Matsui WH. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Sep;95(1 Suppl 1):S8-S19.
[3] Koury J, et al. Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:2925869.
[4] Garg A, et al. Cells. 2017 Feb 2;6(1). doi: 10.3390/cells6010004.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
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Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
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15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
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20(S)-Hydroxycholesterol

20(S)-hydroxyCholesterol (20α-Hydroxycholesterol) is an allosteric activator of the oncoprotein smoothened (Smo) that activates the hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway with an EC50 of 3 μM in a gene transcription reporter assay using NIH3T3 cells[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 516-72-3
  • MF: C27H46O2
  • MW: 402.65
  • Catalog: Smo
  • Density: 1.03g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 512.3ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 136-137ºC
  • Flash Point: 213.1ºC

gamma-secretase modulator 2

gamma-secretase modulator 2 is a potent and selective γ-secretase modulator for treatment of Alzheimer's diseaseIC50 value: Target: γ-secretaseγ-secretase modulator is modulation of the action of γ-secretase so as to Selectively attenuate production of Aβ(1-42) and hence find use in treatment or prevention of diseases associated with deposition of Aβ in the brain. γ-secretase modulator is usful in particular Alzheimer's disease.

  • CAS Number: 1093978-89-2
  • MF: C25H22F4N6O2
  • MW: 514.47500
  • Catalog: γ-secretase
  • Density: 1.43 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 729.8ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 395.2ºC

LH846

LH846 is a selective inhibitor of CKIδ, with an IC50 of 290 nM, and less potently inhibits CKIα and CKIε, with IC50s of 2.5 μM and 1.3 μM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 639052-78-1
  • MF: C16H13ClN2OS
  • MW: 316.805
  • Catalog: Casein Kinase
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HSD1590

HSD1590 is potent ROCK inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.22 and 0.51 nM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively. HSD1590 exhibits single digit nanomolar binding to ROCK (Kds<2 nM). HSD1590 displays low cytotoxicity[1].

  • CAS Number: 2379279-96-4
  • MF: C20H18BN3O3
  • MW: 359.19
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ARN25068

ARN25068 is a sub-micromolar inhibitor of the three protein kinases, GSK-3β, FYN and DYRK1A to tackle tau hyperphosphorylation[1].

  • CAS Number: 2649882-80-2
  • MF: C19H18N6S
  • MW: 362.45
  • Catalog: GSK-3
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tyk2-IN-8

Tyk2-IN-8 (Compound 3) is a selective Tyk-2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 5.7 nM for TYK2-JH2. Tyk2-IN-8 inhibits JAK1-JH1 with IC50 of 3.0 nM. Tyk2-IN-8 can be used for the research of autoimmune disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 2704587-24-4
  • MF: C20H19D3N8O3
  • MW: 425.46
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Hedgehog IN-5

Hedgehog IN-5 is an orally active small molecule inhibitor of the hedgehog pathway. Hedgehog IN-5 can be used for the research of fibrotic disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 1544681-93-7
  • MF: C27H31ClF3N5O
  • MW: 534.02
  • Catalog: Hedgehog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TCS 2002

GSK-3β inhibitor 9 (Compound 9b) is a highly selective, orally bioavailable and potent GSK-3β inhibitor with the IC50 of 35 nM. GSK-3β inhibitor 9 shows good pharmacokinetic profiles including favorable BBB penetration. GSK-3β inhibitor 9 can be used for the research of Alzheimer’s disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 1005201-24-0
  • MF: C18H14N2O3S
  • MW: 338.38000
  • Catalog: GSK-3
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FLI-06

FLI-06 is an inhibitor of Notch signaling with an EC50 of 2.3 μM.

  • CAS Number: 313967-18-9
  • MF: C25H30N2O5
  • MW: 438.516
  • Catalog: Notch
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 597.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 315.2±30.1 °C

GSK3 Inhibitor XIII

GSK-3 Inhibitor XIII is a potent and ATP-competitive GSK-3 inhibitor with a Ki of 24 nM[1][1][2].

  • CAS Number: 404828-08-6
  • MF: C18H15N5
  • MW: 301.34500
  • Catalog: GSK-3
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BI-1622

BI-1622 is an orally active, potent and highly selective HER2 (ERBB2) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 7 nM. BI-1622 shows greater than 25-fold selectivity over EGFR. BI-1622 shows high antitumor efficacy in vivo in xenograft mouse tumor models with engineered H2170 and PC9 cells and had a favorable drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics profile[1].

  • CAS Number: 2681392-19-6
  • MF: C26H24N10O2
  • MW: 508.53
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-Salicyloyltryptamine

N-Salicyloyltryptamine acts on voltage-dependent Na+, Ca2+, and K+ ion channels inhibitor. N-Salicyloyltryptamine inhibits K+ currents with an IC50 value of 34.6 μM (Ito). N-Salicyloyltryptamine also exhibits anticonvulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and vasorelaxation effect[1]-[5].

  • CAS Number: 31384-98-2
  • MF: C17H16N2O2
  • MW: 280.32100
  • Catalog: Guanylate Cyclase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CCT 365623 hydrochloride

CCT 365623 (CCT365623) hydrochloride is a potent, orally active small molecule inhibitor of lysyl oxidase (LOX) with IC50 of 0.89 uM; inhibits LOX actvity in living cell system (MDCK cysts) at 5 uM, reduces EGFR retention at the cell surface, suppresses EGFR and AKT phosphorylation driven by EGF, also activates SMAD2 and downregulates MATN2; delays the growth of primary and metastatic tumour cells in vivo.

  • CAS Number: 2126136-98-7
  • MF: C18H18ClNO4S3
  • MW: 443.975
  • Catalog: EGFR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Chrysomycin A

Chrysomycin A (Chr-A), an antibiotic, can be obtained from Streptomyces. Chrysomycin A exhibits antitumor and anti-tuberculous and MRSA activities. As for glioblastoma, Chrysomycin A inhibits the proliferation, migration, and invasion of cancer cells through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway[1].

  • CAS Number: 82196-88-1
  • MF: C28H28O9
  • MW: 508.517
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 799.7±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 269.6±26.4 °C

JAK1-IN-4

JAK1-IN-4 is a potent and selective JAK1 inhibitor, with IC50s of 85 nM, 12.8 μM and >30 μM for JAK1, JAK2, and JAK3, respectively. JAK1-IN-4 inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation in NCI-H 1975 cells (IC50, 227 nM)[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Robotnikinin

Robotnikinin is a small molecule capable of binding to and inhibiting the activity of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling up stream of Smo[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1132653-79-2
  • MF: C25H27ClN2O4
  • MW: 454.95
  • Catalog: Hedgehog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

(R,R)-VVD-118313

(R,R)-VVD-118313 is the isomer of VVD-118313 (HY-151385). VVD-118313 is a selective JAK1 inhibitor and blocks JAK1-dependent trans-phosphorylation and cytokine signaling. VVD-118313 can be used for research of cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2875046-31-2
  • MF: C19H22Cl2N2O3S
  • MW: 429.36
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Momelotinib-d2

Momelotinib-d2 (CYT387-d2) is the deuterium labeled Momelotinib (HY-10961). Momelotinib (CYT387) is an orally active and ATP-competitive inhibitor of JAK1/JAK2 with IC50a of 11 nM and 18 nM,respectively, shows much less activity against JAK3[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1619927-63-7
  • MF: C23H20D2N6O2
  • MW: 416.47
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

JAK-IN-1

JAK-IN-1 is a JAK1/2/3 inhibitor with IC50s of 0.26, 0.8 and 3.2 nM, respectively. JAK-IN-1 shows improved selectivity for JAK3 over JAK1.

  • CAS Number: 1334673-53-8
  • MF: C20H24N6O2
  • MW: 380.44
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Smoothened Agonist (SAG) HCl

SAG (hydrochloride) is a potent Smo receptor agonist, and activates the Hedgehog signaling pathway, with a Kd of 59 nM.

  • CAS Number: 2095432-58-7
  • MF: C28H29Cl2N3OS
  • MW: 526.52
  • Catalog: Smo
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Crenigacestat(LY3039478)

Crenigacestat (LY3039478) is a novel and potent Notch inhibitor.

  • CAS Number: 1421438-81-4
  • MF: C22H23F3N4O4
  • MW: 464.438
  • Catalog: Notch
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 818.7±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 448.9±34.3 °C

ERK2 IN-1

ERK2 IN-1 is a selective ERK2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 7 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1093061-47-2
  • MF: C36H34FN7O2S
  • MW: 647.76
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

H-1152

H-1152 is a membrane-permeable and selective ROCK inhibitor, with a Ki value of 1.6 nM, and an IC50 value of 12 nM for ROCK2.

  • CAS Number: 451462-58-1
  • MF: C16H21N3O2S
  • MW: 319.42
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Carvacrol is a monoterpenoid phenol isolated from Lamiaceae family plants, with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Carvacrol causes cell cycle arrest in G0/G1, downregulates Notch-1, and Jagged-1, and induces apoptosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 499-75-2
  • MF: C10H14O
  • MW: 150.218
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 237.2±9.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 3-4 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: 106.7±0.0 °C

ERK-IN-3

ERK-IN-3 is a potent and oral inhibitor of ERK. ERK-IN-3 inhibits ERK1/2 with low single-digit nM IC50 values. ERK-IN-3 has the potential to be used to study cancers driven by RAS mutations.[1].

  • CAS Number: 2055597-12-9
  • MF: C22H25ClFN7O2
  • MW: 473.93
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Fasudil Hydrochloride

Fasudil Hydrochloride is a potent inhibitor of ROCK1, PKA, PKC, and MLCK with Kis of 0.33 μM, 1.0 μM, 9.3 μM and 55 μM, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 105628-07-7
  • MF: C14H18ClN3O2S
  • MW: 327.83
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 506.2ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 222 °C(dec.)
  • Flash Point: 259.9ºC

Wogonin

Wogonin is a naturally occurring mono-flavonoid, can inhibit the activity of CDK8 and Wnt, and exhibits anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects.

  • CAS Number: 632-85-9
  • MF: C16H12O5
  • MW: 284.263
  • Catalog: Autophagy
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 518.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 203-206°C
  • Flash Point: 198.4±23.6 °C

Hydroxy Fasudil Hydrochloride

Hydroxyfasudil hydrochloride is a ROCK inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.73 and 0.72 μM for ROCK1 and ROCK2, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 155558-32-0
  • MF: C14H18ClN3O3S
  • MW: 343.829
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: >250ºC(dec.)
  • Flash Point: N/A

Balsalazide-d4

Balsalazide-d4 is deuterium labeled Balsalazide. Balsalazide could suppress colitis-associated carcinogenesis through modulation of IL-6/STAT3 pathway.

  • CAS Number: 2714315-25-8
  • MF: C17H11D4N3O6
  • MW: 361.34
  • Catalog: Interleukin Related
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FM-479

FM-479 is the negative control of FM-381 (HY-102046) and has no activity on JAK3 or other kinases[1]. FM-381 is a potent covalent reversible inhibitor of JAK3 targeting the unique Cys909. FM-381 has an IC50 of 127 pM for JAK3, with 410, 2700 and 3600-fold selectivity over JAK1, JAK2 and TYK2, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 2226521-64-6
  • MF: C25H26N6O2
  • MW: 442.51
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A