The cytoskeleton is a filamentous network of F-actin, microtubules, and intermediate filaments (IFs) composed of one of three chemically distinct subunits, actin, tubulin, or one of several classes of IF protein. Cytoskeleton not only helps cells maintain their shape and internal organization, but also provides mechanical support that enables cells to carry out essential functions like division and movement.

The cytoskeleton is involved in intracellular signal transduction at least two ways. First, individual proteins of the cytoskeleton might participate directly in signal transduction by linking two or more signaling proteins. Second, the cytoskeleton might provide a macromolecular scaffold, which spatially organizes components of a signal transduction cascade. Cell migration is a complex and multistep process involved in homeostasis maintenance, morphogenesis, and disease development, such as cancer metastasis, and requires coordination of cytoskeletal dynamics and reorganization, cell adhesion, and signal transduction, and takes a variety of forms. Many signaling pathways including Rho-family GTPases, Paxillin/FAK signaling and PI3K signaling is involved in the process by regulating cytoskeletal activity.

Since the cytoskeleton is involved in virtually all cellular processes, abnormalities in this essential cellular component frequently result in disease. Drugs that modulate microtubule stability, inhibitors of posttranslational modifications of cytoskeletal components, specifically compounds affecting the levels of tubulin acetylation, and compounds targeting signaling molecules which regulate cytoskeleton dynamics, constitute the mostly addressed therapeutic interventions for the diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

References:
[1] Janmey PA. Physiol Rev. 1998 Jul;78(3):763-81.
[2] Forgacs G, et al. J Cell Sci. 2004 Jun 1;117(Pt 13):2769-75.
[3] Eira J, et al. . Prog Neurobiol. 2016 Jun;141:61-82.


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RWJ 50271

RWJ 50271 is an selective inhibitor of lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1/intercellular adhesion molecule-1(LFA-1/ICAM-1) interaction with an IC50 of 5.0 μM (HL60 cells)[1].

  • CAS Number: 162112-37-0
  • MF: C18H17F3N4O2S
  • MW: 410.41
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Lifitegrast sodium

Lifitegrast (SAR 1118) sodium is a potent integrin antagonist. Lifitegrast sodium blocks the binding of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) to lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1), interrupting the T cell-mediated inflammatory cycle. Lifitegrast sodium inhibits Jurkat T cell attachment to ICAM-1 with an IC50 of 2.98 nM. Lifitegrast sodium can be used for researching dry eye disease[1].

  • CAS Number: 1119276-80-0
  • MF: C29H23Cl2N2NaO7S
  • MW: 637.46300
  • Catalog: Integrin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Cyclo(-Arg-Ala-Asp-D-Phe-Lys) trifluoroacetate salt

Cyclo(RADfK) is a selective α(v)β(3) integrin ligand that has been extensively used for research, therapy, and diagnosis of neoangiogenesis. Sequence: Cyclo(Ala-Asp-Phe-Lys-Arg).

  • CAS Number: 756500-23-9
  • MF: C28H43N9O7
  • MW: 617.69700
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Vindoline

Vindoline, a vinca alkaloid extracted from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus, weakly inhibits tubulin self-assembly[1].

  • CAS Number: 2182-14-1
  • MF: C25H32N2O6
  • MW: 456.531
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 569.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 163-165ºC
  • Flash Point: 298.4±30.1 °C

Anticancer agent 60

Anticancer agent 60 (compound 3h) has antiproliferative activity against human HepG2 cells (IC50 = 4.13 μM) and presents antitumor efficacy in a human HepG2 xenograft mouse model[1].

  • CAS Number: 2162169-14-2
  • MF: C27H33N5O4S
  • MW: 523.65
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

tubulin polymerization inhibitor

Tubulin polymerization-IN-24 (compound HMBA) is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor. Tubulin polymerization-IN-24 inhibits MCF-7 cells proliferation. Tubulin polymerization-IN-24 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase. Tubulin polymerization-IN-24 increase the GTP hydrolysis rate and inhibits microtubule assembly[1].

  • CAS Number: 564468-51-5
  • MF: C22H16O3
  • MW: 328.361
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 524.7±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 188.8±23.6 °C

CI 583

Meclofenamic acid (Meclofenamate) sodium hydrate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Meclofenamic acid sodium hydrate is a highly selective FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated) enzyme inhibitor. Meclofenamic acid sodium hydrate competes with FTO binding for the m(6)A-containing nucleic acid. Meclofenamic acid sodium hydrate is a non-selective gap-junction blocker. Meclofenamic acid sodium hydrate inhibits hKv2.1 and hKv1.1, with IC50 values of 56.0 and 155.9 μM, respectively[1][2][3][4].

  • CAS Number: 67254-91-5
  • MF: C14H12Cl2NNaO3
  • MW: 336.14600
  • Catalog: Gap Junction Protein
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MB 0223

MB-0223 is a potent and selective dynamin-related GTPase Drp1 partial inhibitor (IC50=1.3 μM) over other dynamin family members, Opa 1 and dynamin-1 (IC50>100 μM)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2247732-89-2
  • MF: C26H27N5OS
  • MW: 457.59
  • Catalog: Dynamin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tubulin polymerization-IN-7

Tubulin polymerization-IN-7 (compound 5) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization. Tubulin polymerization-IN-7 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases[1].

  • CAS Number: 1394017-46-9
  • MF: C28H24N4O6S
  • MW: 544.58
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Batabulin sodium

Batabulin sodium (T138067 sodium) is an antitumor agent, which binds covalently and selectively to a subset of the β-tubulin isotypes, thereby disrupting microtubule polymerization. Batabulin sodium affects cell morphology and leads to cell-cycle arrest ultimately induce apoptotic cell death. Batabulin sodium has efficacy against multidrug-resistant (MDR) tumors[1].

  • CAS Number: 195533-98-3
  • MF: C13H6F6NNaO3S
  • MW: 393.23700
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 403.3ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 197.7ºC

ARRY-520

Filanesib (ARRY-520) is a synthetic kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor with IC50 of 6 nM.

  • CAS Number: 885060-09-3
  • MF: C20H22F2N4O2S
  • MW: 420.476
  • Catalog: Kinesin
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 511.3±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 263.0±32.9 °C

Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser

Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser is an integrin binding sequence that inhibits integrin receptor function, decreases systemic inflammation via inhibition of collagen-triggered activation of leukocytes and attenuates expression of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMP-9.

  • CAS Number: 91037-65-9
  • MF: C15H27N7O8
  • MW: 433.41700
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: 1.65g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Cevipabulin fumarate

Cevipabulin fumarate (TTI-237 fumarate) is a microtubule-active, oral active antitumor compound and inhibits the binding of [3H] vinblastine to tubulin, with an IC50 of 18-40 nM for cytotoxicity in human tumor cell line[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 849550-67-0
  • MF: C22H22ClF5N6O5
  • MW: 580.89200
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Mps1-IN-1 dihydrochloride

Mps1-IN-1 dihydrochloride is a potent, selective and ATP-competitive Mps1 kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 and a Kd of 367 nM and 27 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 1883548-93-3
  • MF: C28H35Cl2N5O4S
  • MW: 608.58
  • Catalog: Mps1
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

OSIP-486823

OSIP-486823 is a novel microtubule-interfering agent with distinct biological effects on both protein kinase G (PKG) and microtubules.

  • CAS Number: 200803-37-8
  • MF: C29H28FNO4
  • MW: 473.535
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 667.3±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 357.4±31.5 °C

Bis-ANS dipotassium

Bis-ANS dipotassium is a fluorescent probe of hydrophobic protein. Bis-ANS binds to tubulin with a Kd of 2 μM[1]. Bis-ANS dipotassium is a potent biphasic modulator of protein liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS). Bis-ANS dipotassium promotes LLPS at low concentrations but suppresses LLPS at high concentrations[2].

  • CAS Number: 65664-81-5
  • MF: C32H22K2N2O6S2
  • MW: 672.85300
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ombrabulin hydrochloride

Ombrabulin hydrochloride is a derivative of CA-4 phosphate, which is known to exhibit antivascular effects through selective disruption of the tubulin cytoskeleton of endothelial cells.

  • CAS Number: 253426-24-3
  • MF: C21H27ClN2O6
  • MW: 438.90200
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dolastatin 15

Dolastatin 15 (DLS 15), a depsipeptide derived from Dolabella auricularia, is a potent antimitotic agent structurally related to the antitubulin agent Dolastatin 10. Dolastatin 15 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. Dolastatin 15 can be used as an ADC cytotoxin[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 123884-00-4
  • MF: C45H68N6O9
  • MW: 837.05600
  • Catalog: ADC Cytotoxin
  • Density: 1.2g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 943.2ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 524.2ºC

Auristatin PE

Auristatin PE is a novel synthetic Dolastatin 10 derivative and inhibitor of tubulin polymerization.

  • CAS Number: 149606-27-9
  • MF: C39H67N5O6
  • MW: 701.97900
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

DM3

DM3 (Maytansinoid DM3) is a maytansine analog bearing disulfide or thiol groups and a tubulin inhibitor, and is a cytotoxic moiety of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)[1].

  • CAS Number: 796073-54-6
  • MF: C37H52ClN3O10S
  • MW: 766.341
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 942.2±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 523.6±34.3 °C

Jasplakinolide

Jasplakinolide is a potent actin polymerization inducer and stabilizes pre-existing actin filaments. Jasplakinolide binds to F-actin competitively with phalloidin with a Kd of 15 nM. Jasplakinolide, a naturally occurring cyclic peptide from the marine sponge, has both fungicidal and anti-cancer activity[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 102396-24-7
  • MF: C36H45BrN4O6
  • MW: 709.670
  • Catalog: Fungal
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 968.3±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 539.4±34.3 °C

S-(4-fluorophenyl) 4-fluorobenzenesulfonothioate

Tubulin inhibitor 29 (compound 3c) is a potent tubulin inhibitor with an IC50 value of 1.2 µM. Tubulin inhibitor 29 shows antiproliferative effects with an IC50 value of 7.5 µM for MCF-7 cells. Tubulin inhibitor 29 inhibits tubulin assembly and bounds in the colchicine site[1].

  • CAS Number: 2905-15-9
  • MF: C12H8F2O2S2
  • MW: 286.31800
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

MS-444

MS-444 inhibits the activity of purified smooth muscle myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) with an IC50 value of 10 μM.

  • CAS Number: 150045-18-4
  • MF: C13H10O4
  • MW: 230.21600
  • Catalog: Myosin
  • Density: 1.452g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 448.7ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 225.2ºC

VEGFR-2-IN-22

VEGFR-2-IN-22 (Compound 25) is a dual VEGFR-2 and β-tubulin polymerization inhibitor with an IC50 of 19.82 nM against VEGFR-2. VEGFR-2-IN-22 induces apoptosis[1].

  • CAS Number: 2447587-73-5
  • MF: C26H24ClFN4O6
  • MW: 542.94
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ARRY-520 (R enantiomer)

ARRY-520 R enantiomer is the R-enantiomer of ARRY-520. ARRY-520 is a synthetic kinesin spindle protein (KSP) inhibitor with IC50 of 6 nM.

  • CAS Number: 885060-08-2
  • MF: C20H22F2N4O2S
  • MW: 420.47600
  • Catalog: Kinesin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Etaracizumab

Etaracizumab (LM 609) is an αvβ3 integrin IgG1 monoclonal antibody. Etaracizumab inhibits angiogenesis and melanoma tumor growth. Etaracizumab can be used to research anticancer[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CCT251455

CCT251455 is a potent and selective mitotic kinase monopolar spindle 1 (MPS1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 3 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1400284-80-1
  • MF: C26H26ClN7O2
  • MW: 503.983
  • Catalog: Mps1
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 731.0±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 395.9±35.7 °C

Litronesib

Litronesib is a selective Eg5 inhibitor, with antitumor activity.

  • CAS Number: 910634-41-2
  • MF: C23H37N5O4S2
  • MW: 511.70100
  • Catalog: Kinesin
  • Density: 1.23 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tasidotin hydrochloride

Tasidotin hydrochloride is a peptide analog of the antimitotic depsipeptide dolastatin 15, as an inhibitor of microtubule assembly and microtubule dynamics.

  • CAS Number: 623174-20-9
  • MF: C32H59ClN6O5
  • MW: 643.30100
  • Catalog: Microtubule/Tubulin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

ZMF-10

ZMF-10 is a highly potent PAK1 inhibitor, with IC50s of 174 nM, 1.038 μM and 1.372 μM for PAK1, PAK2 and PAK3, respectively. ZMF-10 can inhibit PAK1 activity to affect PAK1-regulated apoptosis, ER-Stress and migration in MDA-MB-231 cells. ZMF-10 can be used for researching anticancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2415295-37-1
  • MF: C19H17F6N7O
  • MW: 473.37
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A