PROTAC ERRα ligand 2 is an estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) inverse agonist with an IC50 of 5.67 nM. PROTAC ERRα ligand 2 (IC50=5.67 nM) displays a ~11-fold improved potency than XCT790 (IC50=61.3 nM)[1].
G-36 is a cell permeable non-steroidal antagonist of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) which selectively inhibits estrogen-mediated activation of PI3K by GPER, but not by ERα. G-36 also inhibits estrogen-mediated calcium mobilization (IC50=112 nM)[1].
G-1 is a nonsteroidal, high-affinity and selective agonist of GPR30 with a Ki of 11 nM.
Glicoricone, a phenolic compound, is isolated from a species of licorice. Glicoricone is an inhibitor of monoamine oxidase (MAO), with an IC50 of 140 μM. Glicoricone binds to estrogen receptor (ER) and shows estrogen antagonist activity[1][2].
α-Zearalenol is a Mycotoxin with high affinity for the estrogen receptors (ER),α-Zearalenol is the derivative of zearalenone (ZEN), causes reproductive disorders in animals, due to its xenoestrogenic effects[1].
OP-1074 is a pure antiestrogen and a selective ER degrader (PA-SERD), shows specific antiestrogenic activity for ERα and ERβ, inhibits 17β-estradiol (E2)-stimulated transcriptional activity with IC50 of 1.6 and 3.2 nM, respectively[1].
AC-186 is a selective non-steroidal estrogen receptor β (ERβ) agonist with EC50s of 6 nM and 5000 nM for ERβ and ERα, respectively. AC-186 shows gender specific neuroprotection in a Parkinson’s Disease rat model[1].
SR19881 is a potent dual agonist of ERRγ and ERRβ, with EC50 values of 0.39 and 0.63 μM, respectively[1].
Estradiol-d5 is deuterium labeled Estradiol. Estradiol is a steroid sex hormone vital to the maintenance of fertility and secondary sexual characteristics in females. Estradiol upregulates IL-6 expression through the estrogen receptor β (ERβ) pathway[1][2][3].
PROTAC ER Degrader-4 is a PROATC estrogen receptor (ER) degrader, binding to ER with an IC50 of 0.8 nM. PROTAC ER Degrader-4 induces ER degradation in MCF-7 cells with an IC50 of 0.3 nM[1].
Lasofoxifene (CP-336156) is an orally active and selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM). Lasofoxifene exhibits an anti-osteoporotic function and also inhibits primary tumor growth and metastases. Lasofoxifene can be used for research of breast cancer and postmenopausal osteoporosis[1][2].
4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside, a metabolite of Raloxifene, is a benzothiophene glucuronidated at the 4' postion. 4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside is a selective and orally active estrogen receptor antagonist. 4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside can be used for inhibiting bone loss and resorption, and lowering lipid levels. 4'-Raloxifene-β-D-glucopyranoside, example 5, is extracted from patent US5567820A[1].
GSK5182 is a highly selective inverse agonist of estrogen-related receptor γ (ERRγ) with an IC50 of 79 nM and does not interact with other nuclear receptors, including ERRα or ERα, due to its additional non-covalent interactions with Y326 and N346 at the active site of ERRγ. GSK5182 also induces Reactive Oxyen Species (ROS) generation in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)[1][2][3].
Estrogen receptor antagonist 2 is a potent and orally active estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, example 17, extracted from patent US20180111931A1. Estrogen receptor antagonist 2 is used for the study of breast cancer[1].
(±)-8-Prenylnaringenin, a natural prenylated flavonoid, is a potent phytoestrogen. (±)-8-Prenylnaringenin is an orally active selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) (Estrogen Receptor/ERR) that inhibits ERα and ERβ with IC50s of 57 nM and 68 nM, respectively. (±)-8-Prenylnaringenin has anticancer effects, and can be used for osteoporosis research[1][2].
Toremifene (NK 622; FC 1157a) is a second-generation selective estrogen-receptor modulator (SERM) in development for the prevention of osteoporosis.IC50 Value: 1±0.3 μMTarget: Estrogen receptorToremifene is a second-generation selective estrogen-receptor modulator (SERM) in development for the prevention of osteoporosis and other adverse effects resulting from ADT in men with prostate cancer [1]. in vitro: The growth of Ac-1 cells was inhibited by tamoxifen, toremifene and atamestane in vitro with IC50values of 1.8±1.3μM, 1±0.3μM and 60.4±17.2μM, respectively. The combination of toremifene plusatamestane was found to be better than toremifene or atamestane alone in vitro[2].in vivo: The effect of this combination was then studied in vivo using Ac-1 xenografts grown in ovariectomized female SCID mice. The mice were injected with toremifene (1000μg/day), atamestane (1000μg/day), tamoxifen (100μg/day), or the combination of toremifene plus atamestane. In this study, our results indicate that the combination of toremifene plus atamestane was as effective as toremifene or tamoxifen alone but may not provide any additional benefit over toremifene alone or tamoxifen alone[2].Clinical trail: Prostate cancer diagnosis among men with isolated high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia enrolled onto a 3-year prospective phase III clinical trial of oral toremifene[3].
LX-039 is a highly potent, selective and orally active estrogen receptor degrader with EC50 value of 2.29 nM. LX-039 has indole C-3 chlorine atom. LX-039 exhibits excellent mouse pharmacokinetics, low clearance, high Cmax and oral exposure. LX-039 has anti-tumor activity[1].
ERRα antagonist-1 (Compound A) is a selective and high affinity estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) antagonist. ERRα antagonist-1 inhibits interaction of ERRα with Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and PGC-1β, the IC50 values are 170 nM and 180 nM, respectively. ERRα antagonist-1 does not inhibit the interaction of either ERRβ or ERRγ with PGC-1α and PGC-1β coactivator, and also does not inhibit interaction of ERα or ERβ with PGC-1α or SRC-1[1].
Droloxifene, a Tamoxifen derivative, is an orally active and selective estrogen receptor modulator. Droloxifene shows antiestrogenic and anti-implantation effects. Droloxifene induces p53 expression and apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Droloxifene prevents bone loss in ovariectomized rats [1][2][3].
PHTPP is a selective ERβ antagonist.
Cholesterol is the major sterol in mammals, and its importance in fundamental cellular processes is becoming more appreciated. IC50 value:Target:In vitro: GT1-7 hypothalamic cells subjected to cholesterol depletion in vitro produced 20-31% reductions in cellular cholesterol content, similar to the decrease in cholesterol synthesis observed in diabetes [1].In vivo:
Pipendoxifene hydrochloride is a selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs).
4-Hydroxytamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).
Toremifene Citrate(NK 622; FC 1157a) is a second-generation selective estrogen-receptor modulator (SERM) in development for the prevention of osteoporosis.IC50 Value: 1±0.3 μMTarget: Estrogen receptorToremifene is a second-generation selective estrogen-receptor modulator (SERM) in development for the prevention of osteoporosis and other adverse effects resulting from ADT in men with prostate cancer [1]. in vitro: The growth of Ac-1 cells was inhibited by tamoxifen, toremifene and atamestane in vitro with IC50values of 1.8±1.3μM, 1±0.3μM and 60.4±17.2μM, respectively. The combination of toremifene plusatamestane was found to be better than toremifene or atamestane alone in vitro[2].in vivo: The effect of this combination was then studied in vivo using Ac-1 xenografts grown in ovariectomized female SCID mice. The mice were injected with toremifene (1000μg/day), atamestane (1000μg/day), tamoxifen (100μg/day), or the combination of toremifene plus atamestane. In this study, our results indicate that the combination of toremifene plus atamestane was as effective as toremifene or tamoxifen alone but may not provide any additional benefit over toremifene alone or tamoxifen alone[2].Clinical trail: Prostate cancer diagnosis among men with isolated high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia enrolled onto a 3-year prospective phase III clinical trial of oral toremifene[3].
Prochloraz is an imidazole antifungal that inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis via inhibition of the cytochrome P450-dependent 14α-demethylation of lanosterol, which results in disruption of the fungal cell membrane and cell death. Prochloraz inhibits human placenta microsomal aromatase in vitro (IC50 = 40 nM). Prochloraz also acts as an antagonist of the estrogen receptor (ER) and androgen receptor (AR) (IC50s = 25 μM and 4 μM, respectively) as well as activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR; EC50 = 1 μM).
Prinaberel(ERB-041) is a potent and selective ERbeta agonist; being >200-fold selective for ERbeta.IC50 value:Target: ERbeta agonistin vitro: Treatment with ERβ selective estrogen agonists liquiritigenin and ERB-041 reduced the ability to invade a reconstituted basement membrane and to migrate in response to the cellular stimulus [1]. Pretreatment the PMs with ERB-041 resulted in a significant inhibition of LPS-induced iNOS expression and NF-kappaB activation by preventing its nuclear translocation [3].in vivo: Tumor numbers and volume were reduced by 60% and 84%, respectively, in the Erb-041-treated group as compared with UVB (alone) control. This inhibition in tumorigenesis was accompanied by the decrease in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1, VEGF, and CD31, and an increase in apoptosis [2].
Ridaifen-B (RID-B) is a potent antagonist of estrogen receptor α (ERα) with IC50 of 52.4 nM, a tamoxifen (HY-13757A) derivative[1]. Ridaifen-B is a high affinity, selective, inverse agonist at CB2 receptor (Ki=43.7 nM) over 17 folds CB1 receptor (Ki=732 nM). Ridaifen-B modulates G-protein (IC50=300 nM) and adenylyl cyclase activity with potency values predicted by CB2 affinity (IC50=134 nM). Ridaifen-B has anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-osteoclastogenic effects[1][3].
Acolbifene (EM-652) hydrochloride, the active metabolite of EM800, is an orally active pure antiestrogen and selective estrogen receptor antagonist with an IC50 of of 0.110 nM in T-47D cells. Acolbifene (EM-652) hydrochloride possesses potent and pure anticarcinogenic properties[1][2].
(E/Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen is a racemic compound of (Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen and (E)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen isomers. (E/Z)-4-Hydroxytamoxifen is an estrogen receptor modulator.
ERA63 is a selective estrogen receptor α agonist.