Mesalamine impurity P is an impurity of Mesalamine (HY-15027). 5-Aminosalicylic acid (Mesalamine) acts as a specific PPARγ agonist and also inhibits p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) and NF-κB[1].
Sialyl-Lewis X (sLeX) is a sialylated fucosylated tetrasaccharide, an endogenous antigen. Sialyl-Lewis X is a high-affinity ligand for selectins (E-, P-, and L-selectin)[1]. Sialyl-Lewis X binds to ELAM-1 and CD62 and has the ability to inhibits CD62-mediated neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation[2].
Vercirnon (GSK1605786A) sodium is an orally bioavailable, selective, and potent antagonist of CCR9. Vercirnon sodium inhibits CCR9-mediated Ca2+ mobilization and chemotaxis on Molt-4 cells with IC50 values of 5.4 and 3.4 nM, respectively. Vercirnon sodium is selective for CCR9 over CCR1-12 and CX3CR1-7 (IC50s>10 µM for all). Vercirnon sodium is an equipotent inhibitor of CCL25-directed chemotaxis of both splice forms of CCR9 (CCR9A and CCR9B) with IC50 values of 2.8 and 2.6 nM, respectively[1].
ent-16-Kaurene-3b,15b,18-triol is a ent-kaurene diterpene. ent-16-Kaurene-3b,15b,18-triol has significant antiallergic activity on β-hexosaminidase release induced by Polyginseng antigen[1].
BMY-25271 is a histamine H2 receptor antagonist.
Azathioprine (BW 57-322) sodium is an orally active immunosuppressive agent. Azathioprine can be converted in vivo to the active metabolite 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP). Azathioprine has myelosuppressive effects and induces apoptosis[1][3].
JAK3/BTK-IN-6 (compound 14h) is a potent BTK and JAK3 dual inhibitor, with IC50 values of 0.6 and 0.4 nM, respectively. JAK3/BTK-IN-6 shows good metabolic stability in human liver microsome. JAK3/BTK-IN-6 can be used for hematological and immune diseases research[1].
PNF21 is a new transdermal corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory activity.
Etrasimod (APD334) is a potent, selective and orally available antagonist of the sphingosine-1-phosphate-1 (S1P1) receptor with an IC50 value of 1.88 nM in CHO cells.
Flurbiprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA) with antipyretic and analgesic activity.Target: PGE synthaseFlurbiprofen, a propionic acid derivative, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAIA) with antipyretic and analgesic activity. Oral formulations of flurbiprofen may be used for the symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and anklylosing spondylitis. Flurbiprofen may also be used topically prior to ocular surgery to prevent or reduce intraoperative miosis. Flurbiprofen is structurally and pharmacologically related to fenoprofen, ibuprofen, and ketoprofen. Flurbiprofen may have unique pharmacological properties that reduce the accumulation of unfolded proteins and may represent a new class of drug for the fundamental treatment of obesity [1]. Flurbiprofen and its enantiomers selectively lower Aβ42 levels in broken cell γ-secretase assays, indicating that these compounds directly target the γ-secretase complex that generates Aβ from APP. Of the compounds tested, meclofenamic acid, racemic flurbiprofen, and the purified R and S enantiomers of flurbiprofen lowered Aβ42 levels to the greatest extent [2].
IRAK inhibitor 3 is an interleukin-1 (IL-I) receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) kinase modulator extracted from patent WO2008030579 A2.
ONO-RS-082 is an inhibitor of phospholipase A (PLA)[1]. ONO-RS-082 inhibits PLA2 with the IC50 of 1.0 μM, but does not inhibit PLC even at 100 μM[2].
Vudalimab is a potent dual PD-1 and CTLA-4 inhibitor as a fully humanized bispecific monoclonal antibody. Vudalimab targets immune checkpoint receptors PD-1 and CTLA-4 and promotes tumor-selective T-cell activation[1].
PDK4-IN-1 hydrochloride is an anthraquinone derivative and a potent and orally active pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 84 nM. PDK4-IN-1 hydrochloride potently represses cellular transformation and cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis. PDK4-IN-1 hydrochloride has antidiabetic, anticancer and anti-allergic activity[1].
Swertianolin, a xanthone isolated from Gentianella Acuta, inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Swertianolin also exhibits anti-HBV and anti-bacterial activity[1][2].
Beperidium iodide shows a competitive antagonistic effect against acetylcholine receptor with a pA2 of 7.93.
Licoricidin (LCD) is isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, possesses anti-cancer activities.Licoricidin (LCD) inhibit SW480 cells (IC50=7.2 μM) by inducing cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy, and is a potential chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agent against colorectal cancer[1].Licoricidin (LCD) inhibits Lung Metastasis by inhibition of tumor angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis as well as changes in the local microenvironment of tumor tissues the anticarcinogenic effect[1].licoricidin enhanced gemcitabine-induced cytotoxicity in Osteosarcoma (OS) cells by inactivation of the Akt and NF-κB pathways in vitro and in vivo[3]. Licoricidin blocks UVA-induced photoaging via ROS scavenging, limits the activity of MMP-1, it can be considered as an active ingredient in new topically applied anti-ageing formulations[4].
Dargistotug (M-6223) is a fully human IgG1 monoclonal antibody targeting TIGIT (T cell immune receptor with Ig domain and ITIM). TIGIT is an inhibitory immune checkpoint that promotes NK cell depletion and reduces the secretion of cytokines by binding to CD155 and other antibodies. It can also directly or indirectly inhibit effector T cells and upregulate Tregs cells, thereby exerting immunosuppression. Function[1].
Guaiacol, a phenolic compound isolated from Guaiac resin, inhibits LPS-stimulated COX-2 expression and NF-κB activation[1]. Anti-inflammatory activity[1].
11α,12α-Epoxy-3β,23-dihydroxy-30-norolean-20(29)-en-28 is a triterpenoid that isolated from Paeonia Lactiflora[1].
Etazolate hydrochloride (SQ 20009) is an orally active, selective inhibitor of type 4 phosphodiesterase (PDE4) with an IC50 of 2 μM. Etazolate hydrochloride is a γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor regulator. Etazolate hydrochloride is an α-secretase activator and induced the production of soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPPα). Etazolate hydrochloride, a pyrazolopyridine class derivative, increases cAMP levels. Etazolate hydrochloride has anxiolyticlike, antidepressant-like and anti-inflammatory effects[1][2][3][4][5].
Vilanterol is a long-acting β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) agonist with 24 h activity. The pEC50s for β2-AR,β1-AR and β3-AR is 10.37±0.05, 6.98±0.03 and 7.36±0.03, respectively.
Cariporide (HOE-642) is a selective Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor.
Peptide 401, a potent mast cell degranulating factor from bee venom, suppresses the increased vascular permeability due to intradermal injection of various smooth muscle spasmogens (histamine, and 5-HT).
vMIP-II (1-21) is a CXCR4 antagonist. vMIP-II has broad-spectrum interaction with CC and CXC chemokine receptors. vMIP-II (1-21) binds with CXCR4 with an IC50 value of 190 nM for competing with CXCR4 binding of 125I-SDF-1R[1].
Boc-AEVD-CHO is a Caspase 8 inhibitor useful in the study of apoptosis and immune and inflammatory diseases[1][2].
CAY10789 (compound 6) is a potent CysLT1R (cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1) antagonist (IC50=2.80 μM) and GPBAR1 (G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1) agonist (EC50=3 μM). CAY10789 significantly reduces the adhesion of U937 cells to HAEC, reduces the expression of TNF-α. CAY10789 shows very promising metabolic stability and excellent pharmacokinetics. CAY10789 can be used for the research of colitis, metabolic syndromes, and other GPBAR1/CysLT1R-related diseases[1].
Taraxerone is isolated from Sedum sarmentosum. Taraxerone enhances effects on alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activities with EC50 values of 512.42 and 500.16 μM, respectively[1].
6-Aminochrysene (6-Aminochrysene) is an aromatic amine used as a chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of splenomegaly, myeloid leukemia, and breast cancer.