Stem cells are required for continuous tissue maintenance within diverse organs, stem cell activity is often externally dictated by the microenvironment (the niche) so that stem cell output is precisely shaped to meet homeostatic needs or regenerative demands. Several key signaling pathways have been shown to play essential roles in this regulatory capacity. Specifically, the JAK/STAT, Hedgehog, Wnt, Notch, Smad, PI3K/phosphatase and tensin homolog, and NK-κB signaling pathways have all been shown experimentally to mediate various stem cell properties, such as self-renewal, cell fate decisions, survival, proliferation, and differentiation.

Recent studies mainly focus on cancer stem cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, neural stem cell and maintenance of embryonic stem cell pluripotency. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been believed to be responsible for tumor initiation, growth, and recurrence. Numerous agents have been developed to specifically target CSCs by suppressing the expression of pluripotency maintaining factors Nanog, Oct-4, Sox-2, and c-Myc and transcription of GLI. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have the capacity to differentiate into various types of cells, and a self-renewing resource, and scientists can experiment with an unlimited number of pluripotent cells to perfect the process of targeted differentiation, transplantation, and more, for personalized medicine. Novel pathological mechanisms have been elucidated, new drugs originating from iPSC screens are in the pipeline and the first clinical trial using human iPSC-derived products has been initiated.

References:
[1] Clevers H, et al. Science. 2014 Oct 3;346(6205):1248012.
[2] Matsui WH. Medicine (Baltimore). 2016 Sep;95(1 Suppl 1):S8-S19.
[3] Koury J, et al. Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:2925869.
[4] Garg A, et al. Cells. 2017 Feb 2;6(1). doi: 10.3390/cells6010004.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
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15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
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Y-27632

Y-27632 is an ATP-competitive inhibitor of ROCK-I and ROCK-II, with Ki of 220 nM and 300 nM for ROCK-I and ROCK-II, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 146986-50-7
  • MF: C14H21N3O
  • MW: 247.34
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: 1.1±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 462.6±15.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 233.6±20.4 °C

VT107

VT-107, as an analogous to VT104, is a potent pan-TEAD auto-palmitoylation inhibitor. VT-107 can be used for the research of cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2417718-63-7
  • MF: C25H20F3N3O
  • MW: 435.44
  • Catalog: YAP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

TIC10

TIC10 is a potent, orally active, and stable TRAIL inducer, also inhibits Akt and ERK activity.

  • CAS Number: 1616632-77-9
  • MF: C24H26N4O
  • MW: 386.489
  • Catalog: TNF Receptor
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 559.7±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 292.3±32.9 °C

Fluticasone

Fluticasone is an inhaled corticosteroid used for respiratory diseases[1]. Fluticasone is a Smo agonist s with a IC50 value of 99 nM. Fluticasone activate Hedgehog signaling and promotes the proliferation of primary neuronal stem/precursor cells[2].

  • CAS Number: 90566-53-3
  • MF: C25H31F3O5S
  • MW: 500.571
  • Catalog: Glucocorticoid Receptor
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 568.3±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: -18.1ºC
  • Flash Point: 297.5±30.1 °C

cerdulatinib

Cerdulatinib (PRT062070) is a dual JAK and SYK inhibitor with IC50s of 12, 6, 8 and 32 for JAK1, 2, 3 and SYK, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1198300-79-6
  • MF: C20H27N7O3S
  • MW: 445.539
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 741.9±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 402.5±35.7 °C

VP3.15

VP3.15 is a potent, orally bioavailable and CNS-penetrant dual phosphodiesterase (PDE)7- glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)3 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.59 μM and 0.88 μM for PDE7 and GSK-3, respectively. VP3.15 has neuroprotective and neuroreparative activities, thus as potential combined anti-inflammatory and pro-remyelinating therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1281681-54-6
  • MF: C20H22N4OS
  • MW: 366.48
  • Catalog: Phosphodiesterase (PDE)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

WIKI4

WIKI4 is a potent inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling (EC50 ~ 75 nM); inhibits auto-ADP-ribosylation of tankyrase 2 (TNKS2) (IC50 ~15 nM).

  • CAS Number: 838818-26-1
  • MF: C29H23N5O3S
  • MW: 521.590
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 783.1±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 427.4±35.7 °C

KYA 1797K

KYA1797K is a potent and selective Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.75 µM.

  • CAS Number: 1956356-56-1
  • MF: C17H11KN2O6S2
  • MW: 442.507
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

STAT3-IN-18

STAT3-IN-18 (compound SPP) is a platinum (IV) complex with an axial ligand derived from sandalwood. STAT3-IN-18 inhibits the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in breast cancer (BC) cells, with anti-proliferative activity. STAT3-IN-18 activates caspase-3 and increases cleaved polyADP-ribose polymerase to induce apoptosis. STAT3-IN-18 promotes maturation and antigen presentation of dendritic cells and demonstrates safety in vivo.

  • CAS Number: 2668267-41-0
  • MF: C18H24Cl2N2O6Pt
  • MW: 630.38
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FIDAS-3

FIDAS-3 is a stilbene derivative and is a potent Wnt inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.9 μM for methionine S-adenosyltransferase 2A (MAT2A). FIDAS-3 effectively competes against S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) for MAT2A binding. FIDAS-3 has anticancer activities[1][2].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

YW1128

YW1128 is an inhibitor of Wnt/��-catenin signaling with an IC50 value of 4.1 nM in a reporter assay.

  • CAS Number: 2131223-64-6
  • MF: C20H17N5O
  • MW: 343.382
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CWP232228

CWP232228, a highly potent selective Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, antagonizes binding of β-catenin to T-cell factor (TCF) in the nucleus. CWP232228 suppresses tumor formation and metastasis without toxicity through the inhibition of the growth of breast and liver cancer stem cells (CSCs)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1144044-02-9
  • MF: C33H34N7Na2O7P
  • MW: 717.62
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PF-06700841

PF-06700841 is a dual JAK1 and TYK2 inhibitor with IC50s of 17 and 23 nM, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 1883299-62-4
  • MF: C18H21F2N7O
  • MW: 389.40
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

FLLL32

FLLL32 is a STAT3 inhibitor derived from the natural product curcumin. FLLL32 retains the cellular response to cytokines with anti-tumor activity[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

UC-514321

UC-514321 is a more effective analog of NSC-370284 that directly binds to STAT3/5, significantly and selectively suppresses the viability of AML cells with high level of TET1 expression both in vitro and in vivo; shows no inhibitory effect on the viability of TET1-low AML (i.e., NB4) cells, function as TET1-transcription inhibitor in TET1-high AMLs and the anti-leukemic effects are TET1-dependent.

  • CAS Number: 299420-83-0
  • MF: C26H35NO5
  • MW: 441.568
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

RUSKI-201 dihydrochloride

RUSKI-201 dihydrochloride is a potent and specific Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.20 μM. RUSKI-201 dihydrochloride is able to block Hh signaling from Shh overexpressing cells and inhibits Hh palmitoylation. RUSKI-201 dihydrochloride is potential Hhat chemical probe in cells and can used in studies of Hhat catalytic function[1].

  • CAS Number: 2320262-09-5
  • MF: C20H29Cl2N3OS
  • MW: 430.43
  • Catalog: Hedgehog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ilunocitinib

Ilunocitinib (compound 27) is a JAK inhibitor (extracted from patent WO2009114512A1)[1].

  • CAS Number: 1187594-14-4
  • MF: C17H17N7O2S
  • MW: 383.43
  • Catalog: JAK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CRT 0066854 hydrochloride

CRT0066854 hydrochloride is a potent and selective atypical PKCs inhibitor. CRT0066854 is against full-length (FL) PKCι, PKCζ, and ROCK-II kinases with IC50 values of 132 nM, 639 nM, and 620 nM, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 2250019-91-9
  • MF: C24H26ClN5S
  • MW: 452.01
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Rp-8-CPT-cAMPS sodium

Rp-8-CPT-cAMPS sodium, a cAMP analog, is a potent and competitive antagonist of cAMP-induced activation of cAMP-dependent PKA I and II. Rp-8-CPT-cAMPS sodium preferentially selects site A of RI compares to site A of RII and site B of RII compares to site B of RI[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 221905-35-7
  • MF: C16H14ClN5NaO5PS2
  • MW: 509.86
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

PKI (14-24)amide

PKI (14-24)amide is a potent PKA inhibitor. PKI (14-24)amide strongly inhibited cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase activity in the cell homogenate[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 100853-61-0
  • MF: C49H86N24O15
  • MW: 1251.36
  • Catalog: PKA
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Sp-cAMPS sodium salt

Sp-cAMPS sodium salt, a cAMP analog, is potent activator of cAMP-dependent PKA I 和 PKA II. Sp-cAMPS sodium salt is also a potent, competitive phosphodiesterase (PDE3A) inhibitor with a Ki of 47.6 µM. Sp-cAMPS sodium salt binds the PDE10 GAF domain with an EC50 of 40 μM[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 142439-95-0
  • MF: C10H11N5NaO5PS
  • MW: 367.253
  • Catalog: Phosphodiesterase (PDE)
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

1-Azakenpaullone

1-Azakenpaullone (1-Akp) is a highly selective and ATP-competitive inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase-3 β (GSK-3β), with an IC50 value of 18 nM[1].

  • CAS Number: 676596-65-9
  • MF: C15H10BrN3O
  • MW: 328.163
  • Catalog: GSK-3
  • Density: 1.7±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 648.8±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: >290ºC (dec.)
  • Flash Point: 346.2±30.1 °C

Ravoxertinib

Ravoxertinib (GDC-0994) is an orally bioavailable ERK kinase inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.1 nM and 3.1 nM for ERK1 and ERK2, respectively.

  • CAS Number: 1453848-26-4
  • MF: C21H18ClFN6O2
  • MW: 440.858
  • Catalog: ERK
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 734.6±70.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 398.0±35.7 °C

Luspatercept

Luspatercept (ACE-536) is a recombinant modified ActRIIB fusion protein that binds with transforming growth factor β superfamily ligands. Luspatercept increases the erythrocyte numbers and promotes maturation of erythroid precursors. Luspatercept binds with GDF11 and inhibits Smad2/3 signaling. Luspatercept can be used for the research of anemia[1].

  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Glabrescione B

Glabrescione B is the first compound that binds the Hedgehog (Hh) modulator Gli1. Glabrescione B impairs its activity by interfering with Gli1-DNA interaction. Glabrescione B inhibits the growth of Hedgehog-dependent tumor cells, the self-renewal ability, and clonogenicity of tumor-derived stem cells[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 65893-94-9
  • MF: C27H30O6
  • MW: 450.52400
  • Catalog: Gli
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

IWP L6

IWP L6 is a Porcn inhibitor with EC50 of 0.5 nM.IC50 Value: 0.5 nM(EC50) [1]Target: Porcupinein vitro: IWP-L6 effectively suppressed the phosphorylation of dishevelled 2 (Dvl2) in HEK293 cells, a biochemical event associated with many Wnt-dependent cellular responses. IWP-L6 inhibits Wnt mediated branching morphogenesis in cultured embryonic kidneys [1].in vivo: IWP-L6 is stable in human plasma over 24 h, it was rapidly metabolized in rat plasma (t1/2 = 190 min), murine plasma (t1/2 = 2 min), and the murine liver S9 fractions (t1/2 = 26 min). The major metabolites are the amide cleavage products. Similar species-dependent metabolitic profiles due to the involvement of carboxylesterase (CES) have been reported with other drug candidates. Despite its modest metabolic stability in mouse-derived plasma, IWP-L6 was highly active in zebrafish. IWP-L6 exhibited more potent activity [1].

  • CAS Number: 1427782-89-5
  • MF: C25H20N4O2S2
  • MW: 472.582
  • Catalog: Porcupine
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Foxy 5 TFA

Foxy-5 is a mimicking peptide of WNT5A which is a non-canonical member of the Wnt family. Foxy-5 is a WNT5A agonist and effectively reduces the metastatic spread of WNT5A-low prostate cancer cells in an orthotopic mouse model[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 881188-51-8
  • MF: C26H42N6O12S2
  • MW: 694.775
  • Catalog: Wnt
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1244.1±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 706.2±34.3 °C

HA-100 hydrochloride

HA-100 hydrochloride is a potent protein kinase inhibitor, with IC50s of 4 μM, 8 μM, 12 μM and 240 μM for cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC) and MLC-kinase, respectively. HA-100 hydrochloride also used as a ROCK inhibitor[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 141543-63-7
  • MF: C13H16ClN3O2S
  • MW: 313.80300
  • Catalog: ROCK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 497.4ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 252-254ºC
  • Flash Point: 254.6ºC

NSC260594

NSC260594 (NSC 260594) is a specific inhibitor of HIV-1 RNA packaging, which involves preventing the interaction of Gag with SL3 by stabilizing this small RNA stem-loop which then leads to stabilization of the global packaging signal region (psi or ψ); specifically blocks HIV-1 RNA encapsidation, binds to HIV-1 gRNA and exhibits potent antiviral activity; NSC260594 also is a small molecule inhibitor of the Escherichia coli condensin MukBEF, affects MukB directly.

  • CAS Number: 906718-66-9
  • MF: C29H24N6O3
  • MW: 504.55
  • Catalog: HIV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CK2-IN-4

CK2-IN-4 (compound 5) is a protein kinase (CK2) inhibitor (IC50=8.6 µM). CK2-IN-4 has good potential for research in the areas of cancer, viral infections and glomerulonephritis[1].

  • CAS Number: 313985-59-0
  • MF: C18H11N3O4S
  • MW: 365.36264
  • Catalog: Casein Kinase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A