AMPK activator 6 (Compound GC) reduces lipid content and activates the AMPK pathway in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. AMPK activator 6 significantly suppresses the increase in triglyceride (TG) , total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-C (LDL-C), and other biochemical indices in blood serum. AMPK activator 6 can be used for the research of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome[1].
Deferoxamine (Deferoxamine B) is an iron chelator (binds to Fe(III) and many other metal cations), is widely used to reduce iron accumulation and deposition in tissues. Deferoxamine upregulates HIF-1α levels with good antioxidant activity. Deferoxamine also shows anti-proliferative activity, can induce apoptosis and autophagy in cancer cells. Deferoxamine can be used in studies of diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases as well as anti-cancer and anti-COVID-19[1][2][3][4][5].
AMPK activator 7 (compound I-3-24) is a an AMPK activator with the EC50 of 8.8 nM. AMPK activator 7 can be used for the research of diseases involving AMPK, particularly diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypercholesterolemia and/or hypertension[1].
Nepodin (Musizin) is a quinone oxidoreductase (PfNDH2) inhibitor isolate from Rumex crispus[1].Nepodin (Musizin) stimulates the translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane by activation of AMPK[2].Nepodin (Musizin) has antidiabetic and antimalarial activities.
MS5033 is a potent PROTAC-based AKT (protein kinase B) degrader, with a DC50 of 430 nM in PC3 cells[1].
SF2523 is a highly selective and potent inhibitor of PI3K with IC50s of 34 nM, 158 nM, 9 nM, 241 nM and 280 nM for PI3Kα, PI3Kγ, DNA-PK, BRD4 and mTOR, respectively.
Euphorbiasteroid is a tricyclic diperpene of Euphorbia lathyris L., inhibits tyrosinase, and increases the phosphorylation of AMPK, with anti-cancer, anti-virus, anti-obesity and multidrug resistance-modulating effect[1].
Gedatolisib (PKI-587) is a highly potent dual inhibitor of PI3Kα, PI3Kγ, and mTOR with IC50s of 0.4 nM, 5.4 nM and 1.6 nM, respectively. PKI-587 is equally effective in both complexes of mTOR, mTORC1 and mTORC2.
PI3Kγ inhibitor 3 is a potent and remarkably selective PI3Kγ inhibitor with pIC50s of 9.1, 5.1, <4.5, and 6.5 for PI3Kγ, PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, and PI3Kδ, respectively[1].
Akt1&PKA-IN-2 ((R)-29) is an inhibitor of PKB/AKT with cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) selectivity. Akt1&PKA-IN-2 inhibits AKT1, PKAa and CDK2a with IC50 values of 0.007 µM, 0.01 µM and 0.69 µM, respectively[1].
Glaucocalyxin A, an ent-kauranoid diterpene from Rabdosia japonica var., induces apoptosis in osteosarcoma by inhibiting nuclear translocation of Five-zinc finger Glis 1 (GLI1) via regulating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Glaucocalyxin A has antitumor effect[1].
AZD1390 is an ATM inhibitor.
ATR-IN-13 (compound A9) is a potent ATR kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2 nM. ATR-IN-13 can be used for ATR kinase mediated diseases research, such as proliferative diseases and cancer[1].
Phenformin (1-phenethylbiguanide) is an orally active antidiabetic and anticancer agent. Phenformin has an incidence of associated lactic acidosis. Phenformin acts through acting AMPK activation and blocking mTOR pathway. Phenformin is also a substrate of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and an OXPHOS inhibitor. Phenformin induces cancer cell apoptosis[1][2].
LDHA/PDKs-IN-2 (compound 20k) is a potent and dual inhibitor of PDKs and LDHA with IC50s of 1.6 and 0.7 μM, respectively. LDHA/PDKs-IN-2 reduces A549 cell proliferation with an EC50 of 15.7 μM and decreases the lactate formation, and increases oxygen consumption. LDHA/PDKs-IN-2 has the potential for the research of cancer diseases[1].
Doxepin inhibits reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine as a tricyclic antidepressant. Doxepin has therapeutic effects in atopic dermatitis，chronic urticarial，can improve cognitive processes， protect central nervous system. Doxepin has also been proposed as a protective factor against oxidative stress[1][2][3].
DL001, a FKBP12-dependent rapamycin analog, is a selective mechanistic Target Of Rapamycin Complex 1 (mTORC1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 74.9 pM. In cells, DL001 efficiently represses elevated mTORC1 activity and restores normal gene expression to cells lacking a functional tuberous sclerosis complex. DL001 inhibits mTORC1 signaling without impairing glucose homeostasis and with substantially reduced and no side effects on lipid metabolism and the immune system in vivo in C57BL/6J mice[1].
Urolithin B is one of the gut microbial metabolites of ellagitannins, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Urolithin B inhibits NF-κB activity by reducing the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, and suppresses the phosphorylation of JNK, ERK, and Akt, and enhances the phosphorylation of AMPK. Urolithin B is also a regulator of skeletal muscle mass[1][2].
PI3K-IN-27 is a potent inhibitor of PI3K. PI3K belongs to a large family of lipid signaling kinase that plays key role in cellular process including cell growth, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. PI3K-IN-27 has the potential for the research of hyper-proliferative diseases like cancer and inflammation, or immune and autoimmune diseases (extracted from patent WO2021233227A1, compound 1)[1].
Antitumor agent-28 selectively inhibits ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase. Antitumor agent-28 prevents ATM mediated disease and has potent anti-cancer activity[1].
MK8722 is a potent and systemic pan-AMPK activator.
EHT 5372 is a strong inhibitor of DYRK’s family kinases, with IC50s of 0.22, 0.28 nM for DYRK1A and DYRK1B, respectively.
GSK-3 inhibitor 4 is an orally active and brain-penetrant inhibitor of GSK-3, CDK2, and CDK5, with IC50 values of 0.56 nM (GSK-3β), 0.45 nM (GSK-3α), 0.47 μM, and 0.68 μM, respectively. GSK-3 inhibitor 4 effectively reduces the phosphorylation level of Tau protein. GSK-3 inhibitor 4 can be used in Alzheimer's disease (AD) studies[1].
Polygalasaponin F, an oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin extracted from Polygala japonica, decreases the release of the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa). Polygalasaponin F reduces neuroinflammatory cytokine secretion through the regulation of the TLR4-PI3K/AKT-NF-kB signaling pathway [1].
NVP-BAG956 is an ATP-competitive PI3K inhibitor with IC50s of 34, 56, 112 and 444 nM for PI3Kδ, PI3Kα, PI3Kγ and PI3Kβ, respectively.
Kenpaullone is a potent inhibitor of CDK1/cyclin B and GSK-3β, with IC50s of 0.4 μM and 23 nM, and also inhibits CDK2/cyclin A, CDK2/cyclin E, and CDK5/p25 with IC50s of 0.68 μM, 7.5 μM, 0.85 μM, respectively.
EB-3D is a novel potent and selective choline kinase ChoKα inhibitor with IC50 of 1.0 uM (purified ChoKα1), strongly impairs cell proliferation in a variety of different cancer cell lines; demonstrates in vitro antiproliferative effects against HeLa (IC50=79 nM), RS4,11 (IC50=45 nM), A549 (IC50=27 nM) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50=100 nM); displays excellent antiproliferative activity against a wide cohort of T-leukemic cell lines with GI50 of 0.9 nM (MOLT-16 cell)-479 nM (CCRF-CEM), reduces the intracellular pool of PCho, but also inhibits the synthesis of choline-containing lipids; induces G0/G1 arrest that lead to apoptosis in leukemia cell lines; affects AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway, synergizes with both dexamethasone and L-asparaginase.
Afuresertib is a potent and ATP-competitive specific Akt inhibitor.
Copanlisib (BAY 80-6946) is a selective and ATP-competitive class-I PI3 kinases inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.5, 0.7, 3.7 and 6.4 nM for PI3Kα, PI3Kδ, PI3Kβ and PI3Kγ, respectively.
KDU731, an orally active C. parvum PI4K inhibitor with an IC50 value of 25 nM, blocks Cryptosporidium infection in vitro and in vivo[1][2]. KDU731 is a promising drug candidate for the treatment of diarrhea caused by Cryptosporidium and meets a broad range of safety[2].