Asymmetric dimethylarginine dihydrochloride is an endogenous NO synthase inhibitor that reduces NO production, which contributes to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular disease[1].
Randaiol is an antioxidant that can be isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia officinalis. Randaiol inhibits LPS-induced NO production and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities[1].
2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide (Guanidinobiotin hydrobromide) is a biotin (vitamin H or B7) analog. 2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide is a reversible nitric oxide synthases inhibitor with Kis of 21.8 and 37.5 μM for murine iNOS and rat n-cNOS, respectively[1]. 2-Iminobiotin hydrobromide superimposes on hypothermia protects human neuronal cells from hypoxia-induced cell damage[2].
N-cis-Feruloyl tyramine (cis-N-(4-Hydroxyphenethyl) ferulamide) is a natural phenolic compound, exhibits modest inhibitory activity on LPS-activated NO production in RAW 264.7 cells[1].
Desoxo-narchinol A is an orally active and potent anti-inflammatory agent. Desoxo-narchinol A can be isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Nardostachys jatamansi. Desoxo-narchinol A can be used for septic shock and inflammatory diseases research[1][2][3].
Chondroitin sulfate, one of five classes of glycosaminoglycans, has been widely used in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Chondroitin sulfate reduces inflammation mediators and the apoptotic process and is able to reduce protein production of inflammatory cytokines, iNOS and MMPs.
7,8-Dihydroneopterin, an inflammation marker, induces cellular apoptosis in astrocytes and neurons via enhancement of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin can be used in the research of neurodegenerative diseases[1].
L-Arginine-1-13C ((S)-(+)-Arginine-1-13C) hydrochloride is the 13C-labeled L-Arginine hydrochloride. L-Arginine hydrochloride ((S)-(+)-Arginine hydrochloride) is the nitrogen donor for synthesis of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator that is deficient during times of sickle cell crisis.
Shanciol B, isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the air-dried whole plant of Pholidota imbricate Hook, inhibits nitric oxide (NO) production and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging activity[1]. Shanciol B is a microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory activity[2].
Epibetulinic acid, isolated from the root bark of Maytenus cuzcoina and the leaves of Maytenus chiapensis, exhibits potent inhibitory effects on NO and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in mouse macrophages (RAW 264.7) stimulated with bacterial endotoxin with IC50s of 0.7 and 0.6 μM, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activity[1].
α-Humulene is a main constituent of Tanacetum vulgare L. (Asteraceae) essential oil with anti-inflammation (IC50=15±2 µg/mL). α-Humulene inhibits COX-2 and iNOS expression[1].
Carboxyebselen (HOOC-Ebs) is a potent and selective inhibitor of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)[1].
Anemarsaponin B is a steroidal saponin isolated from the rhizomes of A. asphodeloides (Liliaceae). Anemarsaponin B decreases the protein and mRNA levels of iNOS and COX-2. Anemarsaponin B reduces the expressions and productions of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-a and IL-6. Anemarsaponin B inhibits the nuclear translocation of the p65 subunit of NF-κB by blocking the phosphorylation of IκBα. Anemarsaponin B also inhibits the phosphorylation of MAP kinase kinases 3/6 (MKK3/6) and mixed lineage kinase 3 (MLK3). Anti-inflammatory effect [1].
PRE-084 is a highly selective σ1 receptor (S1R) agonist, with an IC50 of 44 nM. PRE-084 exhibits good neuroprotective effects, can improve motor function and motor neuron survival in mice. PRE-084 also can ameliorate myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by activating the Akt-eNOS pathway[1][2][3][4].
Madecassic acid is isolated from Centella asiatica (Umbelliferae). Madecassic acid has anti-inflammatory properties caused by iNOS, COX-2, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, and IL-6 inhibition via the downregulation of NF-κB activation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells[1].
Nitric oxide production-IN-1（Compound 1） is a inhibitor of NO Production which isolated from Tupistra chinensis. Nitric oxide production-IN-1（Compound 1） inhibits NO production in rat abdomen macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide[1]
NOC 18 is a nitric oxide donor and activates an inward current in cultured rat cerebellar granules cells. NOC 18 increases cGMP production in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. NOC 18 reduces contractility of cardiac muscle preparations in vitro.
trans-Isoferulic acid (trans-3-Hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamic acid) is an aromatic acid isolated from the roots of Clematis florida var. plena. trans-Isoferulic acid exhibits anti-inflammatory activity[1].trans-isoferulic acid suppresses NO and PGE2 production through the induction of Nrf2-dependent heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)[2].
Piceatannol 3'-O-glucoside, an active component of Rhubarb, activates endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase through inhibition of arginase activity with IC50s of 11.22 µM and 11.06 µM against arginase I and arginase II, respectively.
(Rac)-Anemonin ((Rac)-Pulsatilla camphor) is the diastereoisomer of Anemonin (HY-N0278). Anemonin (Pulsatilla camphor), a selective iNOS inhibitor, is also a PKC-θ inhibitor. Anemonin can significantly inhibit the translation or protein stability of PKC-θ protein. Anemonin also ameliorates dextran sodium sulfate-induced acute ulcerative colitis (UC) in mice. Anemonin can be used in the research of inflammation-related diseases[1][2].
hnNOS-IN-3 (compound 39) is a selective nNOS inhibitor, with a Ki of 0.32 μM. The nNOS binding of hnNOS-IN-3 is competitive with L-arginine. The selectivity of hnNOS-IN-3 for nNOS versus iNOS (Ki=37 μM) and eNOS (Ki=9.4 μM) is 115-fold and 29-fold, respectively[1].
L-Canavanine sulfate is a selective inhibitor of inducible NO synthase.
Myricananin A is a colorless needle that has inhibitory effect on iNOS[1].
MEG (Mercaptoethylguanidine) hemisulfate is a potent and selective inhibitor of the inducible NO synthase (iNOS), with EC50s of 11.5, 110, and 60 μM for iNOS, ecNOS, and bNOS respectively in tissue homogenates. MEG hemisulfate is also a potent scavenger of peroxynitrite and inhibits peroxynitrite-induced oxidative processes. MEG hemisulfate has a protective effect in many experimental models of inflammation, including ischemia/reperfusion injury, periodontitis, hemorrhagic shock, inflammatory bowel disease, and endotoxic and septic shock[1][2][3][4].
Syzalterin is an inhibitor of NO production with an IC50 of 1.87 μg/mL.
Atraric acid (Methyl atrarate) is a specific androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Atraric acid represses the expression of the endogenous prostate specific antigen gene in both LNCaP and C4-2 cells. Atraric acid can also inhibit the synthesis of NO and cytokine, and suppress the MAPK-NFκB signaling pathway. Atraric acid can be used to research prostate diseases and inflammatory diseases[1][2].
Multiflorin B (compound 5) is a kind of kaempferol glycoside. Multiflorin B can be isolated from the root of the fern Neocheiropteris palmatopedata. Multiflorin B inhibits nitric oxide production at a concentration of 20 μg/ml with an inhibition of 52%[1].
Apterin is a natural compound with anti-inflammatory activity. Apterin shows significantly inhibitory activity on NO production in RAW264.7 cells with an IC50 value of 41.8 μM[1].
Celiprolol (REV 5320) is a potent, cardioselective and orally active β1-andrenoceptor r antagonist with partial β2 agonist activity, with Ki values of 0.14-8.3 μM. Celiprolol has antihypertensive and antianginal activity, and can be used for the research of cardiovascular disease such as high blood pressure[1][4].
AR-C102222 is a spirocyclic fluoropiperidine quinazoline selective iNOS inhibitor. AR-C102222 can be used for the research of neuropathic pain[1].