PT-262 is a potent ROCK inhibitor with an IC50 value of around 5 μM. PT-262 induces the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and elevates the caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. PT-262 inhibits the ERK and CDC2 phosphorylation via a p53-independent pathway. PT-262 blocks cytoskeleton function and cell migration. PT-262 has anti-cancer activity[1][2].
Acetylcysteine-d3 (N-Acetylcysteine-d3) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcysteine. Acetylcysteine (N-Acetylcysteine) is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus. Acetylcysteine is a ROS inhibitor[1]. Acetylcysteine is a cysteine precursor, prevents hemin-induced ferroptosis by neutralizing toxic lipids generated by arachidonate-dependent activity of 5-lipoxygenases[5]. Acetylcysteine induces cell apoptosis[2][3]. Acetylcysteine also has anti-influenza virus activities[7].
EB-3D is a novel potent and selective choline kinase ChoKα inhibitor with IC50 of 1.0 uM (purified ChoKα1), strongly impairs cell proliferation in a variety of different cancer cell lines; demonstrates in vitro antiproliferative effects against HeLa (IC50=79 nM), RS4,11 (IC50=45 nM), A549 (IC50=27 nM) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50=100 nM); displays excellent antiproliferative activity against a wide cohort of T-leukemic cell lines with GI50 of 0.9 nM (MOLT-16 cell)-479 nM (CCRF-CEM), reduces the intracellular pool of PCho, but also inhibits the synthesis of choline-containing lipids; induces G0/G1 arrest that lead to apoptosis in leukemia cell lines; affects AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway, synergizes with both dexamethasone and L-asparaginase.
Verproside, a catalpol derivative iridoid glycoside isolated from the genus Pseudolysimachion, represses TNF-α -induced MUC5AC expression by inhibiting NF-κB activation via the IKK/IκB signaling cascade. Verproside has potent anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antinociceptive activities and ir is a potent anti-asthmatic/COPD drug candidate in vivo[1].
Oxamic acid (oxamate) sodium salt is a lactate dehydrogenase-A (LDH-A) inhibitor. Oxamic acid sodium salt shows anti-tumor activity, and anti-proliferative activity against cancer cells, and can induce apoptosis[1][2][3].
Didymin, a dietary flavonoid glycoside from citrus fruits, possesses antioxidant properties. Didymin induces apoptosis by inhibiting N-Myc and upregulating RKIP in neuroblastoma[1][2].
TNIK-IN-3 is a potent, selective and orally active inhibitor of Traf2- and Nck-interacting protein kinase (TNIK), with an IC50 of 0.026 μM. TNIK-IN-3 could also inhibit Flt4 (IC50=0.030 μM), Flt1 (IC50=0.191 μM) and DRAK1 (IC50=0.411 μM). TNIK-IN-3 can be used for the research of colorectal cancer[1].
FG-3019 (Pamrevlumab) is a recombinant human antibody that binds to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). FG-3019 can be used for the research of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)[1][2].
Apoptosis inducer 2 (Compound 2) is an apoptosis inducer that mainly triggers necrosis. Apoptosis inducer 2 shows cytotoxicity against cancer cells[1].
8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate is a potent and orally active STAT3 inhibitor. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate induces early oxidative stress and Pyroptosis, and late DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, Apoptosis in the TNBC cells. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate suppresses tumor cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo[1][2].
Oditrasertib is a RIPKl inhibitor with an IC50 value lower than 100 nM. Oditrasertib can be used for the research of Inflammation[1].
JMJD3/HDAC-IN-1 (compound A5b) is a dual inhibitor targeting Jumonji domain-containing protein demethylase 3 (JMJD3) and histone deacetylase (HADC1, IC50=16 nM). JMJD3/HDAC-IN-1 promotes hypermethylation of histone H3K27 and hyperacetylation of H3K9, and also cleaves caspase-7 and PARP to induce apoptosis. JMJD3/HDAC-IN-1 effectively inhibits cancer cell cloning, migration, and invasion[1].
ASK1-IN-5 (S-99) is an inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulated kinase 1 (ASK1) and is useful in the study of autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases[1].
L-Glutamic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.
Silvestrol aglycone, a aglycone of potential anticancer rocaglate derivative from Aglaia foveolata, induces apoptosis in LNCaP cells through the mitochondrial/apoptosome pathway without activation of executioner caspase-3 or -7; 5'myc-UTR-LUC inhibtior (IC50= 0.8 nM).IC50 value:Target: Apoptosis inducerin vitro: Silvestrol induced an apoptotic response, disrupted the mitochondrial trans-membrane potential and caused cytochrome c release into the cytoplasm. Immunoblot analysis indicated that, at the protein level, silvestrol produced an increase of Bcl-xl phosphorylation with a concomitant increase of bak. Furthermore, caspase-2, -9 and -10 appeared to be involved in silvestrol-mediated apoptosis. In contrast, the involvement of caspase-3 and -7 was not detected, either by immunoblot or caspase-3/-7-like activity analysis, indicating that these pathways do not play a crucial role in silvestrol-induced apoptosis [1]. The ability of silvestrol and analogues to selectively inhibit the translation of proteins with high requirement on the translation-initiation machinery (i.e., complex 5'-untranslated region UTR) relative to simple 5'UTR was determined by a cellular reporter assay. Simplified analogues of silvestrol such as compounds 74 and 76 were shown to have similar cytotoxic potency and better ADME characteristics relative to those of silvestrol [2].in vivo:
NSC 48160 inhibits the growth of the pancreatic cancer cells with IC50s of 84.3 μM for CPFAC-1 and 94.5 μM for BxPC-3. NSC 48160 also induces pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis. NSC 48160 can improve metabolic syndromes, such as NASH, obesity and lipid metabolism disorders[1][2].
(Rac)-Plevitrexed ((Rac)-ZD 9331; (Rac)-BGC9331) is a racemate of Plevitrexed. Plevitrexed is an orally active and potent thymidylate synthase (TS) inhibitor.
Cystamine-d8 (dihydrochloride） is the deuterium labeled Cystamine (dihydrochloride）[1]. Cystamine (dihydrochloride) is the disulfide form of the free thiol, cysteamine. Cystamine is an orally active transglutaminase (Tgase) inhibitor. Cystamine also has inhibition activity for caspase-3 with an IC50 value of 23.6 μM. Cystamine can be used for the research of severals diseases including Huntington's disease (HD)[2][3][4].
L-Glutamine-5-13C (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-5-13C) is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine. L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells[1][2].
ML327 is a blocker of MYC which can also de-repress E-cadherin transcription and reverse Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT).
BCL6-IN-3 (example 20a) is a B-cell lymphoma 6 (BCL6) inhibitor with anti-tumor activity, extracted from patent WO2018215801A1. BCL6-IN-3 (example 20a) exhibits a GI50 of 70 nM in SU-DHL4 cells[1].
Urolithin C, a gut-microbial metabolite of Ellagic acid, is a glucose-dependent activator of insulin secretion. Urolithin C is a L-type Ca2+ channel opener and enhances Ca2+ influx. Urolithin C induces cell apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway and also stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation[1][2].
Ascochlorin (Ilicicolin D), an isoprenoid antibiotic, mediates its anti-tumor effects predominantly through the suppression of STAT3 signaling cascade. Ascochlorin induces apoptosis. Anti-inflammatory activity[1][2][3].
NY2267 is a disruptor of Myc-Max interaction, with an IC50 of 36.5 μM. NY2267 inhibits Myc- and Jun-induced transcriptional activation[1].
Dehydrobruceine B, a quassinoid, can be isolated from Brucea javanica. Dehydrobruceine B shows a synergistic effect with Cisplatin (HY-17394) to induce apoptosis via mitochondrial method. Dehydrobruceine B increases apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and Bax expression and suppresses Keap1-Nrf2[1].
AOH1160 is a potent, first-in-class, orally available small molecule proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) inhibitor, interferes with DNA replication, blocks homologous recombination-mediated DNA repair, causes cell-cycle arrest and induces apoptosis. AOH1160 selectively kills many types of cancer cells (mean GI50=330 nM) without causing significant toxicity to a broad range of nonmalignant cells[1].
Topoisomerase II inhibitor 11 (compound 3d) is a potent Topoisomerase II inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.89 μM. Topoisomerase II inhibitor 11 shows 92.46% inhibition on renal cancer cell line A498 with an IC50 of 3.5 μM. Topoisomerase II inhibitor 11 causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase leading to cell proliferation inhibition and pro-apoptotic activity[1].
Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2), a human endogenous metabolite of PGE2, is an antitumor agent. Prostaglandin A2 induces p53-dependent Apoptosis. Prostaglandin A2 also has antiviral activity[1][2][3].
Rabeprazole D4 (LY307640 D4) is a deuterium labeled Rabeprazole. Rabeprazole is a second-generation proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that irreversibly inactivates gastric H+/K+-ATPase. Rabeprazole induces apoptosis. Rabeprazole acts as an uridine nucleoside ribohydrolase (UNH) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.3 μM. Rabeprazole can be used for the research of gastric ulcerations and gastroesophageal reflux[1][2][3].
Antitumor agent-79 shows good antiproliferative activities against hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.7-7.9 μM. Antitumor agent-79 induces cancer cells apoptosis and shows in vivo antitumor effects. Antitumor agent-79 can be used for the research of cancer[1].