Terminolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid glucoside isolated from Combretum racemosum. Terminolic acid can inhibit the pro-inflammatory cytokines by binding to receptor active site of IL-1β and IL-6, and enhance anti-inflammatory cytokines by binding to IL-4 receptor binding sites. Terminolic acid also exhibits moderate antibacterial activity[1][1].
PC190723 (Compound 2) is an inhibitor of the bacterial cell division protein FtsZ with an IC50 of 55 ng/ml. FtsZ-IN-3 exhibits anti-staphylococcal activity with MIC values of 1 µg/ml for MSSA and MRSA[1].
Panobacumab (KBPA101) is a fully human IgM/κ monoclonal antibody generated by immortalizing human B lymphocytes against the LPS O polysaccharide of serotype O11 of P. aeruginosa[1].
CHIR-090 is a potent, slow, tight-binding inhibitor of the LpxC deacetylase. It binds to E. coli LpxC with a Ki of 4.0 nM.
Azlocillin is an acylampicillin with a broad spectrum against bacteria.Target: AntibacterialAzlocillin (12.5 μg/mL) inhibits over 75% of the isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Azlocillin (12.5 μg/mL) is also active against indole-negative and -positive Proteus spp., inhibiting 98 and 71%, respectively. Azlocillin is more active than mezlocillin, ticarcillin, and carbenicillin and as active as BLP-1654 against isolates of P. aeruginosa [1]. The acyl side chains of Azlocillin have an ureido-(urea) structurehence the name "ureidopenicillins" or, more specifically, "acylureidopenicillins." In vitro studies against P. aeruginosa demonstrates that piperacillin has activity that is twice that of azlocillin, 4 times that of mezlocillin and ticarcillin, and about 8 times that of carbenicillin. Azlocillin produces elongated bacterial forms with delayed or no lysis in morphologic studies [2].Azlocillin has MICs of 12.5 μg/mL on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Azlocillin (3.125 μg/mL) results in a reduction in the rate of growth but no bactericidal phase on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Azlocillin decreases an initial lag phase with increasing drug concentration. At the lower concentration of tobramycin (0.5 μg/ml), the combinations with both the high and the low concentrations of Azlocillin are more effective than the individual components on Pseudomonas aeruginosa [3]. Isolates with derepression of AmpC enzyme are one to two doubling dilutions more resistant to azlocillin than are those in which increased efflux or impermeability is inferred. Those with secondary β-lactamases are mostly (12/14 cases) susceptible to ceftazidime at 4 mg/L, but are amongst the most resistant to Azlocillin (MIC ≥128 mg/L in 10/14 cases) [4].
Gramicidin is an antimicrobial peptide assembling as channels in membranes and increasing their permeability towards cations.
Panipenem (PAPM; CS533; RS533) is a carbapenem antibiotic with broad spectrum and potent activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria[1].
Orbifloxacin is a synthetic broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic which is approved for use in dogs.
ACHN-975 TFA is a selective LpxC inhibitor and exhibits a subnanomolar LpxC inhibitory activity. ACHN-975 TFA is against a wide range of gram-negative bacterias with low MIC values (≤1 μg/mL)[1].
Narasin is a cationic ionophore and coccidiostat agent. Narasin inhibits NF-κB signaling and induces tumor cells apoptosis. Narasin has antimicrobial and anticancer activity[1].
BM212 exerts bactericidal activity against intracellular bacilli residing, completely inhibits the intracellular mycobacteria.In vitro: BM212 is inhibitory to drug-resistant mycobacteria and also exerted bactericidal activity against intracellular bacilli residing in the U937 human histiocytic lymphoma cell line.[1] BM212 completely inhibits the intracellular mycobacteria.BM212 had inhibitory activity against all strains tested, with MICs between 0.7 and 1.5 μg/ml.[2]
Nyssoside, a ellagic acid derivative, has significant antioxidant activity and shows antibacterial activity against different pathogenic bacteria[1].
Crotalicidin is an antimicrobial peptide and anti-tumor peptide that can effectively inhibit the activity of Gram-negative bacteria and tumor cells. Crotalicidin can be obtained from rattlesnake venom. Crotalicidin can be used in the study of microbial infections and cancer[1].
Licoflavanone (compopund 2) is a flavanone. Licoflavanone can be isolated from the MeOH extract of Air-dried leaves of G. glabra var. typica. Licoflavanone has antibacterial activity[1].
Framycetin sulfate (Neomycin B sulfate), an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is a potent RNase P cleavage activity inhibitor with a Ki of 35 μM. Framycetin sulfate competes for specific divalent metal ion binding sites in RNase P RNA. Framycetin sulfate inhibits hammerhead ribozyme with a Ki of 13.5 μM. Framycetin sulfate, a 5″-azido neomycin B precursor, binds the Drosha site in miR-525 and is used for hepatic encephalopathy and enteropathogenic E. coli infections[1][2].
Diaveridine (EGIS-5645) is a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor with a Ki of 11.5 nM for the wild type DHFR and also an antibacterial agent.
Clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride is a water soluble hydrochloride salt of the ester of clindamycin and palmitic acid and it is an antibacterial drug. Clindamycin palmitate hydrochloride is inactive in vitro, rapid in vivo hydrolysis converts this compound to the antibacterially active clindamycin[1].
Pipemidic scid is a new antibacterial agent, is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Lysozyme from chicken egg white is a bactericidal enzyme present in chicken eggs, and it lyses gram-positive bacteria.
Batzelladine D (Compound 1) is an inhibitor of the catalytic and functional activity of Pdr5p transporter. Batzelladine D inhibits Pdr5p ATPase activity with an IC50 of 7.1 µM. Batzelladine D shows antifungal, antiparasitic, antiviral, antibacterial and antitumoral activities[1].
Tebipenem is an orally available carbapenem antibiotic, shows broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, except for Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
6-Aminopenicillanic acid (6-APA) is an important precursor for the synthesis of -lactam antibiotics. 6-Aminopenicillanic acid is the main product of Penicillin G (PenG) hydrolyzed by penicillin acylase (PA)[1].
ABBV-4083 is an analog of Tylosin A that has potent anti-Wolbachia and anti-filarial activity[1].
Sulfamonomethoxine-d3-1 is the deuterium labeled Sulfamonomethoxine[1]. Sulfamonomethoxine is a long acting sulfonamide antibacterial agent, used in blood kinetic studies,and blocks the synthesis of folic acid by inhibiting synthetase of dihydropteroate[2].
CysHHC10 is a synthetic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), and exhibits strong anti-microbial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The MIC values of CysHHC10 against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and S. epidermidis are 10.1 mM, 20.2 mM, 2.5 mM and 1.3 mM, respectively[1].
NITD-916 is a novel, direct inhibitor of the mycobacterial enoyl-reductase InhA with IC50 of 0.57 uM, exhibits MIC50 of 50 nM against Mtb; shows MIC of 0.04 to 0.16 μM against MDR-Mtb strains, binds specifically to InhA in an NADH-dependent manner and blocks the enoyl substrate-binding pocket; shows in vivo efficacy in acute and established mouse models of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.
Antituberculosis agent-6 (compound 9g) is a potent antimycobacterial agent. Antituberculosis agent-6 shows significant activity against M. tuberculosis, with a MIC of 3.49 μM. Antituberculosis agent-6 also shows good antifungal activity against A. niger, with a MIC of 62.50 μM. Antituberculosis agent-6 shows high GI absorption[1].
Balhimycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic, found from the fermentation broth of a Amycolatopsis sp. Balhimycin shows anti-bacterial activity against staphylococci and anaerobes[1].
2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol, produced by some isolates of the beneficial bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens, is a potent antibiotic. 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol is active against numerous organisms, including plants, fungi, viruses, bacteria, and nematodes[1].
Sulfadiazine D4 is a deuterium labeled Sulfadiazine. Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic used for the treatment of toxoplasmosis[1][2].