Gramicidin TFA

Modify Date: 2024-01-03 19:21:00

Gramicidin TFA structure	Common Name	Gramicidin TFA
	CAS Number	1405-97-6	Molecular Weight	1882.29000
	Density	N/A	Boiling Point	N/A
	Molecular Formula	C₉₉H₁₄₀N₂₀O₁₇	Melting Point	229-230℃
	MSDS	Chinese USA	Flash Point	N/A

Use of Gramicidin TFA

Gramicidin is an antimicrobial peptide assembling as channels in membranes and increasing their permeability towards cations.

Name	Gramicidin A
Synonym	More Synonyms

Description	Gramicidin is an antimicrobial peptide assembling as channels in membranes and increasing their permeability towards cations.
Related Catalog	Signaling Pathways >> Anti-infection >> Bacterial Research Areas >> Infection
Target	Bacterial[1]
In Vitro	Gramicidin is an antimicrobial peptide assembling as channels in membranes and increasing their permeability towards cations. There is poor Gramicidin activity against E. coli and S. cerevisae as shown from the survival of microbes (%) over a range of Gramicidin concentrations, in contrast with the action of Gramicidin on S. aureus. The microbicidal activity occurs over a range of low Gramicidin and DODAB concentrations which are not toxic to S. cerevisae[1].
Cell Assay	Microbes and dispersions are mixed and interacted for one hour before being diluted up to 20,000-fold for plating of 0.1 mL of each in triplicate and incubation (24 hours for 37°C) for CFU counting. Cell survival (%), taken as the mean±standard deviation, is plotted against DODAB and/or Gramicidin concentration. As a control for cell viability in the absence of DODAB or DODAB/Gramicidin dispersions, a standard bacterial suspension is added to 0.264 M D-glucose solution, diluted, and spreaded on the agar plate[1].
References	[1]. Ragioto DA, et al. Novel gramicidin formulations in cationic lipid as broad-spectrum microbicidal agents. Int J Nanomedicine. 2014 Jun 30;9:3183-92.

Melting Point	229-230℃
Molecular Formula	C₉₉H₁₄₀N₂₀O₁₇
Molecular Weight	1882.29000
Exact Mass	1881.07000
PSA	548.99000
LogP	11.26260
Vapour Pressure	0mmHg at 25°C
Storage condition	2-8°C
Water Solubility	Practically insoluble in water, soluble in methanol, sparingly soluble in alcohol \| Soluble in acetic acid and lower alcohols. Practically insoluble in water.

Section 1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
Gramicidin DCatalog
G1171, G1032
Common Name/
Number(s).
Trade Name

CAS#1393-88-0
Manufacturer
RTECSMD8440000
SPECTRUM CHEMICAL MFG. CORP.
TSCATSCA 8(b) inventory: No
products were found.
Commercial Name(s)Not available.
CI# Not available.
SynonymNot available.
IN CASE OF EMERGENCY
Not available.
Chemical Name
Chemical FamilyNot available.CALL (310) 516-8000
Not available.
Chemical Formula
SPECTRUM CHEMICAL MFG. CORP.

Section 2.Composition and Information on Ingredients
Exposure Limits
TWA (mg/m3)STEL (mg/m3) CEIL (mg/m3)
NameCAS #% by Weight
1) Gramicidin D1393-88-0100
Toxicological DataNot applicable.
on Ingredients

Section 3. Hazards Identification
Potential Acute Health Effects Hazardous in case of ingestion. Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of
inhalation.
Potential Chronic HealthHazardous in case of ingestion.
Slightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of eye contact (irritant), of inhalation.
Effects
CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available.
DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available.
Gramicidin D

Section 4. First Aid Measures
Eye ContactNo known effect on eye contact, rinse with water for a few minutes.
Skin ContactAfter contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. Gently and thoroughly wash the contaminated skin
with running water and non-abrasive soap. Be particularly careful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin.
Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Wash contaminated
clothing before reusing.
Serious Skin ContactNot available.
InhalationAllow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious InhalationNot available.
IngestionDo not induce vomiting. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. If the victim is not
breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious IngestionNot available.

Section 5. Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature Not available.
Flash PointsNot available.
Flammable LimitsNot available.
Not available.
Products of Combustion
Fire Hazards in Presence of Not available.
Various Substances
Explosion Hazards in Presence Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
of Various SubstancesRisks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting MediaSMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder.
and InstructionsLARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
Special Remarks onNot available.
Fire Hazards
Special Remarks on Explosion Not available.
Hazards

Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
Small SpillUse appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by
spreading water on the contaminated surface and dispose of according to local and regional authority
requirements.
Large Spill
Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water
on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.
Gramicidin D

Section 7. Handling and Storage
PrecautionsKeep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporate the
residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not breathe dust.
StorageKeep container dry. Keep in a cool place. Ground all equipment containing material. Keep container tightly
closed. Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place. Combustible materials should be stored away from extreme heat
and away from strong oxidizing agents.

Section 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering ControlsUse process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below
recommended exposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to
airborne contaminants below the exposure limit.
Personal ProtectionSafety glasses. Lab coat. Dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of Splash goggles. Full suit. Dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used
a Large Spillto avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist
BEFORE handling this product.
Exposure LimitsNot available.

Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance Solid. (Solid crystalline powder.)Odorless.
Odor
TasteNot available.
Molecular WeightNot available.
ColorWhite.
pH (1% soln/water)Not available.
Boiling PointDecomposes.
Melting Point229°C (444.2°F)
Critical TemperatureNot available.
Not available.
Specific Gravity
Vapor PressureNot applicable.
Not available.
Vapor Density
VolatilityNot available.
Not available.
Odor Threshold
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.Not available.
Ionicity (in Water)Not available.
Not available.
Dispersion Properties
SolubilityNot available.

Section 10. Stability and Reactivity Data
StabilityThe product is stable.
Instability TemperatureNot available.
Conditions of InstabilityNot available.
Incompatibility with variousNot available.
substances
CorrosivityNon-corrosive in presence of glass.
Gramicidin D
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Reactivity
Not available.
Special Remarks on
Corrosivity
PolymerizationNo.

Section 11. Toxicological Information
Routes of EntryIngestion.
Toxicity to AnimalsLD50: Not available.
LC50: Not available.
Chronic Effects on Humans Not available.
Other Toxic Effects on
Hazardous in case of ingestion.
HumansSlightly hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of inhalation.
Special Remarks on
Not available.
Toxicity to Animals
Special Remarks onNot available.
Chronic Effects on Humans
Special Remarks on otherNot available.
Toxic Effects on Humans

Section 12. Ecological Information
EcotoxicityNot available.
Not available.
BOD5 and COD
Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may
Products of Biodegradation
arise.
Toxicity of the ProductsThe products of degradation are more toxic.
of Biodegradation
Special Remarks on theNot available.
Products of Biodegradation

Section 13. Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal

Section 14. Transport Information
DOT ClassificationNot a DOT controlled material (United States).
IdentificationNot applicable.
Not applicable.
Special Provisions for
Transport
DOT (Pictograms)
Gramicidin D

Section 15. Other Regulatory Information and Pictograms
TSCA 8(b) inventory: No products were found.
Federal and State
Regulations
California
Proposition 65
Warnings
Other RegulationsNot available..
WHMIS (Canada) Not controlled under WHMIS (Canada).
Other Classifications
DSCL (EEC)This product is not classified according
to the EU regulations.
Health Hazard
HMIS (U.S.A.)1 National Fire Protection
1 Flammability
1 Association (U.S.A.)
Fire Hazard
1 0 Reactivity
Health
Reactivity
0
Specific hazard
Personal Protection
E
WHMIS (Canada)
(Pictograms)
DSCL (Europe)
(Pictograms)
TDG (Canada)
(Pictograms)
ADR (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Protective Equipment
Gloves.
Lab coat.
Dust respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or
equivalent.
Safety glasses.

SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

Personal Protective Equipment	Eyeshields;Gloves;type N95 (US);type P1 (EN143) respirator filter
Hazard Codes	Xn
Risk Phrases	20/21-36/37/38
Safety Phrases	26-36-24/25-22
RIDADR	NONH for all modes of transport
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	MD8225000

Unsaturated lipids protect the integral membrane peptide gramicidin A from singlet oxygen

FEBS Lett. 588(9) , 1590-5, (2014)

• Unsaturated lipids protect gramicidin channels from photosensitized inactivation. • Photosensitizer binding to membrane is independent of lipid unsaturation. • Double bonds in lipids reduce gramicid...

The contribution of raised intraneuronal chloride to epileptic network activity.

J. Neurosci. 35 , 7715-26, (2015)

Altered inhibitory function is an important facet of epileptic pathology. A key concept is that GABAergic activity can become excitatory if intraneuronal chloride rises. However, it has proved difficu...

Inversion of membrane surface charge by trivalent cations probed with a cation-selective channel.

Langmuir 28(45) , 15824-30, (2012)

We demonstrate that the cation-selective channel formed by gramicidin A can be used as a reliable sensor for studying the multivalent ion accumulation at the surfaces of charged lipid membranes and th...

GRAMICIDIN (gramicidin A shown)

N-Formyl-L-valylglycyl-L-alanyl-D-leucyl-L-alanyl-D-valyl-L-valyl-D-valyl-L-tryptophyl-D-leucyl-L-tryptophyl-D-leucyl-L-tryptophyl-D-leucyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-L-tryptophanamide

L-Tryptophanamide, N-formyl-L-valylglycyl-L-alanyl-D-leucyl-L-alanyl-D-valyl-L-valyl-D-valyl-L-tryptophyl-D-leucyl-L-tryptophyl-D-leucyl-L-tryptophyl-D-leucyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-

GRAMICIDINE

GRAMICIDIN