Fucoxanthin is a marine carotenoid and shows anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities.
(1,5E,11E)-Tridecatriene-7,9-diyne-3,4-diacetate, isolated from the ethanol extract of Atractylodes lancea rhizome, displays significant lipase inhibition with an IC50 value of 23.9 µg/mL. Antiobesity Effect[1].
Brassicin, a natural Flavonoid, possesses radical scavenging activity[1].
Cimoxatone (MD 780515) is a reversible, selectively and orally active type A monoamine oxidase (MAO-A) inhibitor. Cimoxatone enhances the anorectic action of Serotonin (HY-B1473A)[1].
γ-Oryzanol is a potent DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) inhibitor in the striatum of mice. γ-Oryzanol significantly inhibits the activities of DNMT1 (IC50=3.2 μM), DNMT3a (IC50=22.3 μM).
Calcium stearate is a long chain dietary saturated fatty acid which exists in many animal and vegetable fats and oils.
Ganirelix acetate (Ganirest) is an injectable competitive gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist. Ganirelix acetate directly competes against the endogenous molecule for receptor binding, and causes a rapid reduction in estradiol levels. Ganirelix acetate can be used for researching ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)[1].
Ainsliadimer C, a potential activator of SIRT1, ameliorates inflammatory responses in adipose tissue.
NaPi2b-IN-3 (compound 5) is a potent sodium-dependent transport protein 2b (SLC34A2, NaPi2b) inhibitor with IC50s of 71 nM and 28 nM for human NaPi2b and rat NaPi2b, respectively. NaPi2b-IN-3 can be used for researching hyperphosphatemia[1].
Thyrotropin (TSH) is a thyroid-stimulating hormone produced by thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Thyrotropin regulates the endocrine function of the thyroid[1][2].
Nisotirotide (LY-3457263) is a PYY analog agonist studied in type 2 diabetes and obesity[1].
Lafutidine-d10 is deuterium labeled Lafutidine. Lafutidine (FRG-8813) is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist (H2RA), with proven gastric mucosal protective effects. Lafutidine can be used for the research of gastroesophageal reflux disease[1].
MB-07344 is a thyroid hormone receptor (TR)-β agonist with a binding affinity Ki of 2.17 nM[1].
Cysteine Protease inhibitor is an inhibitor of cysteine protease. IC50 & Target: Cysteine Protease
GPR40/FFAR1 modulator 1 is an agonist and an allosteric modulator for Gq-coupled free fatty acid receptor 1 (GPR40/FFAR1)[1].
m-Anisaldehyde-d3 is the deuterium labeled m-Anisaldehyde[1]. m-Anisaldehyde is an endogenous metabolite.
L-Glucose-13C-1 is the 13C labeled L-Glucose. L-Glucose (L-(-)-Glucose) is an enantiomer of D-glucose. L-Glucose can promote food intake[1][2].
(2S,3R)-Brassinazole, the enantiomer of Brassinazole (BRZ). Brassinazole inhibits brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis, via acting on the oxidative processes from 6-oxo-campestanol to teasterone. (2S,3R)-Brassinazole might be the most active form of Brz[1][2][3].
Citric acid is a weak organic tricarboxylic acid found in citrus fruits. Citric acid is a natural preservative and food tartness enhancer.
L-Cysteine 13C3,15N is the 13C- and 15N-labeled L-Cysteine. L-Cysteine is a conditionally essential amino acid, which acts as a precursor for biologically active molecules such as hydrogen sulphide (H2S), glutathione and taurine. L-Cysteine suppresses ghrelin and reduces appetite in rodents and humans[1].
UAMC-3203 hydrochloride is a potent and selective Ferroptosis inhibitor with an IC50 of 12 nM[1].
3,5-Bis(4-nitrophenoxy)benzoic acid is an inhibitor of γ-secretase. 3,5-Bis(4-nitrophenoxy)benzoic acid causes a decrease in the released levels of Aβ42 and notch-1 Aβ-like peptide 25 (Nβ25). 3,5-Bis(4-nitrophenoxy)benzoic acid, as a marker for fetal hypothyroidism, is a 3,3’-diiodothyronine sulfate (T2S) cross-reactive material in maternal serum[1].
CGP-53353 (DAPH-7) is an potent PKC inhibitor with IC50s of 0.41 mM and 3.8 mM for PKCβII and PKCβI, respectively. CGP-53353 can inhibit glucose-induced cell proliferation and DNA synthesis in AoSMC and A10 cells. CGP-53353 can be used for researching atherosclerosis of diabetic patients[1].
TUG-905 is a potent GPR40 agonist with an pEC50 value of 7.03. TUG-905 increases hypothalamic cell proliferation and survival. TUG-905 reduces body mass and increases the POMC mRNA expression[1][2].
Vitamin E, an essential nutrient for humans and animals reproduction, is a lipid-soluble antioxidant. Vitamin E can protect lipids against oxidative stress, and rescue the glutathione (GSH) depletion-induced hypersensitivity of cells to H2O2. Supplementation with Vitamin E increases its levels in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma, as well as reduces Aβ levels, thus beneficially influences oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Vitamin E also has anti-aging effects[1][2][3][4].
DL-O-Phosphoserine, a normal metabolite in human biofluid, is an ester of serine and phosphoric acid.
MK 0893 is a potent, selective glucagon receptor antagonist with IC50 of 6.6 nM, and > 200 fold selectivity against GIPR, PAC1, GLP-1R, VPAC1 and VPAC2.
Cysteamine Hydrochloride is an agent for the treatment of nephropathic cystinosis and an antioxidant.Target: OthersCysteamine has been shown to increase intracellular glutathione levels in cystinotic cells, thus restoring the altered redox state of the cells. Also increased rates of apoptosis in cystinotic cells, which are thought to be the result of increased caspase 3 and protein kinase Cε activity, is counteracted by Cysteamine administration. Cysteamine has antioxidant properties as a result of increasing glutathione production. Cysteamine is an excellent scavenger of OH and HOCl; it also reacts with H2O2. Cysteamine increases the production of several heat shock proteins (HSP), including the murine Hsp40. Cysteamine exerts a dose-dependent effect on the doxorubicin-induced death of cancer cells, measured in both HeLa cells and B16 cells, whereas Cysteamine treatment alone had no influence on cell survival. In addition, in a doxorubicin-resistant breast cancer cell line, the addition of Cysteamine to doxorubicin results in a dramatic increase in cell death [1]. Cysteamine (100 μM) significantly is able to increase the intracellular GSH levels and the percentage of embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage of culture matured oocytes [2].
Etiroxate (CG-635) is a lipid lowing compound which can be used for hyperlipoproteinemia research[1].
MF498 is a novel and selective E prostanoid receptor 4 (EP4 receptor) antagonist, displayed strong binding affinity for the EP4 receptor with Ki of 0.7 nM.Ki value: 0.7 nMTarget: EP4 receptorin vitro: MF498 also displays a relatively good selectivity over other prostanoid receptors, does not compromise the mucosal integrity in the gastrointestinal tract.MF498 inhibits PGE2-stimulated cAMP accumulation in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 1.7 and 17 nM in the absence and presence of 10% serum, respectively. in vivo: MF498 relieves joint inflammation and pain in rodent models of rheumatoid and osteoarthritis. MF498 on inflammation in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA), a rat model for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and joint pain in a guinea pig model of iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis (OA).