IEM-1460 blocks both AMPA and NMDA glutamate receptor with anticonvulsant effect in vivo[1].
GSK2193874 is an orally active, potent, and selective TRPV4 antagonist with IC50 of 2 nM and 40 nM for rTRPV4 and hTRPV4.
FPL64176, a nondihydropyridine compound, is a potent agonist of L-type Ca2+ channels with an EC50 value of 16 nM[1][2].
Guvacine hydrochloride is an alkaloid from the nut of Areca catechu, acts as an inhibitor of GABA transporter, and dispalys modest selectivity for cloned GABA transporters with IC50s of 14 μM (human GAT-1), 39 μM (rat GAT-1), 58 μM (rat GAT-2), 119 μM (human GAT-3), 378 μM (rat GAT-3), and 1870 μM (human BGT-3).
SGLT inhibitor-1 is a potent dual inhibitor of sodium glucose co-transporter proteins (SGLTs), inhibits hSGLT1 and hSGLT2 with IC50s of 43 nM and 9 nM, respectively[1].
(-)-Menthol is a key component of peppermint oil that binds and activates transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8), a Ca2+-permeable nonselective cation channel, to increase [Ca2+]i[1]. Antitumor activity[1].
Guvacine, an alkaloid found in the nut of Areca catechu, is a potent GABA uptakp inhibitor. Guvacine inhibits rat GAT-1, rat GAT-2 and rat GAT-3 with IC50 values of 39 μM, 58 μM and 378 μM, respectively[1].
Vinpocetine(Cavinton; Ethyl apovincaminate) is a selective for PDE1 (IC50 = 21 μM). Also blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels.IC50 value:Target: PDE1; Na+ channel
KPT-8602 Z-isomer is the less active isomer of KPT-8602. KPT-8602 is a potent CRM1 inhibitor.IC50：In Vitro: KPT 8602 Z-isomer exhibits different inhibitory effects on Z138, MM15, 3T3 cell lines, with IC50s of 100 nM-50 μM, < 100 nM, > 30 μM, respectively[1]. In Vivo:
CALP2 is a calmodulin (CaM) antagonist ( (Kd of 7.9 µM)) with high affinity for binding to the CaM EF-hand/Ca2+-binding site. CALP2 inhibits CaM-dependent phosphodiesterase activity and increases intracellular Ca2+ concentrations. CALP2 potently inhibits of adhesion and degranulation. CALP2 is also a strong activator of alveolar macrophages[1][2][3][4].
Nav1.8-IN-2 (compound 35A) is a potent Nav1.8 inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.4 nM. Nav1.8-IN-2 can be used for researching pain disorders, cough disorders, and acute and chronic itch disorders[1].
ABT-107 is a potent and selective α7 nAChR agonist with Ki of 0.2-0.6 nM for rat or human cortex α7 nAChRs; displays >100-fold selective versus non-α7 nAChRs and other receptors; potently evokes human and rat α7 nAChR current responses in oocytes (EC50=50-90 nM) enhanced by A-867744; reduces spinal tau hyperphosphorylation in tau/amyloid precursor protein transgenic AD mice; improves cognition in monkey. Alzheimer Disease Phase 2 Discontinued
Meticrane is a diuretic. Meticrane inhibits the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the distal convoluted tubule. Meticrane is used to treat essential hypertension.
Abeprazan is an acid pump inhibitor.
4,9-Anhydrotetrodotoxin is a selective voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) inhibitor that blocks Nav1.1 and Nav1.6 in human brain and induces a hyperpolarizing shift in the voltage dependence of inactivated Nav1.6[1].
Pipazethate (SKF 70230A), a pyridobenzothiazine derivative, is a potent GABA antagonist. Pipazethate has antitussive activity. Pipazethate can be used in research in cough supressant[1].
TRPV antagonist 1 is a transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) antagonist, with an IC50 of < 250 nM.
Felodipine is a long-acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker.Target: Calcium ChannelFelodipine is a long-acting 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (CCB)b. It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. Felodipine significantly relaxes KCl-contracted porcine coronary segments by blocking the Ca2+ channels, displaying ~50 times more potent than nifedipine (IC50 of ~8 nM) and ~430 times than verapamil (IC50 of ~65 nM) [1]. Felodipine significantly induces the transcription and secretion of IL-6 and IL-8 with ED50 values of 5.8 nM and 5.3 nM in primary human VSMC and lung fibroblasts, respectively, while propranolol or furosemide fails to affect the expression of the two IL genes [2]. Felodipine blocks the muscarinic receptor-mediated (carbachol) Ca2+-dependent contraction of guinea pig ileum longitudinal smooth muscle (GPILSM) with an IC50 of 1.45 nM [3].
Desethylamiodarone hydrochloride (N-desethylamiodarone hydrochloride) is a major active metabolite of Amiodarone. Desethylamiodarone hydrochloride is formed by CYP3A isoenzymes. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic agent for inhibition of ATP-sensitive potassium channel with an IC50 of 19.1 μM[1][2][3].
ICA-121431 is a nanomolar potent small molecule Nav1.7 channel inhibitor with IC50 of 19 nM for rat Nav1.7, but no inhibition on human, monkey and dog Nav1.7.IC50 value: 19 nM (rat Nav1.7) [1]Target: rat Nav1.7 inhibitorICA-121431 exhibited a spectrum of inhibitory activity for Nav human channel subtypes; equipotent inhibition of Nav1.3 and Nav1.1, less potent inhibition of Nav1.2, and much weaker inhibition of Nav1.7, Nav1.6, Nav1.4, and the TTX-resistant human Nav1.5 and Nav1.8 channels (IC50s >10 μM). the unique subtype selective Nav channel inhibitors ICA-121431 and PF-04856264 interact with amino acid residues on an extracellular facing region of the homologous Domain 4 voltage sensor of Nav1.3 or Nav1.7, which is distinct from previously described interaction sites for TTX or local anesthetic-like Nav channel inhibitors.
GlyT1 Inhibitor 1 is a potent and selective GlyT1 inhibitor with an IC50 of 38 nM for rGlyT1[1]. Antipsychotic activity[1].
U-89232 appears to be a cardioselective KATP channel opener.
Filapixant is a purinoreceptor antagonist extracted from patent WO2016091776A1, example 348. Filapixant is the active reference substance of Eliapixant[1].
Valerenic acid ((-)-Valerenic Acid), a sesquiterpenoid, is an orally active positive allosteric modulator of GABAA receptors. Valerenic acid is also a partial agonist of the 5-HT5a receptor. Valerenic acid mediates anxiolytic activity via GABAA receptors containing the β3 subunit. Valerenic acid also exhibits potent antioxidant properties[1][2][3].
Atracurium Besylate is a neuromuscular blocking agent with ED95 of 0.2 mg/kg. Target: nAChRAtracurium besylate is a neuromuscular-blocking drug or skeletal muscle relaxant in the category of non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking drugs, used adjunctively in anesthesia to facilitate endotracheal intubation and to provide skeletal muscle relaxation during surgery or mechanical ventilation. Atracurium is classified as an intermediate-duration non-depolarizing neuromuscular-blocking agent [1]. A 14C radiolabeled metabolism study in cats confirmed the lack of hepatic or renal involvement in the metabolism of atracurium: radioactivity eliminated in bile and urine was predominantly from metabolites rather than the unchanged parent drug [2].
Encequidar (HM30181) mesylate hydrochloride is a potent and selective inhibitor of P-glycoprotein (MDR1). Encequidar mesylate hydrochloride improves anti-tumor efficacy of Paclitaxel (HY-B0015) in mouse tumor models[1][2][3].
ZK 93423 is a potent benzodiazepine GABAA receptor agonist with a certain cooling effect on rodents[1].
A 438079 is a potent, and selective P2X7 receptor antagonist with pIC50 of 6.9.
GS39783 is a positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of GABABR. Positive modulation of the GABABR can be used for the research of Nicotine addiction[1].
CALP3, a Ca2+-like peptide, is a potent Ca2+ channel blocker that activates EF hand motifs of Ca2+-binding proteins. CALP3 can functionally mimic increased [Ca2+]i by modulating the activity of Calmodulin (CaM), Ca2+ channels and pumps. CALP3 has the potential in controlling apoptosis in diseases such as AIDS or neuronal loss due to ischemia[1][2].