Angiotensin III, human, mouse is a heptapeptide, acts as an endogenous angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) agonist, with IC50s of 0.648 nM and 21.1 nM for AT2R and AT1R, respectively.
[Sar1, Ile8]-Angiotensin II is a peptide that has multiple effects on vascular smooth muscle, including contraction of normal arteries and hypertrophy or hyperplasia of cultured cells or diseased vessels.
AVE 0991 sodium salt is a nonpeptide and orally active Ang-(1-7) receptor Mas agonist. AVE 0991 competes for high-affinity binding of [125I]-Ang-(1-7) to bovine aortic endothelial cell membranes with IC50 of 21±35 nM.
Pratosartan is a selective angiotensin II receptor antagonist.
Novokinin is a peptide agonist of the angiotensin AT2 receptor[1].
Angiotensin (1-7) inhibits purified canine angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity with an IC50 of 0.65 μM.
LCZ696 is a dual angiotensin II receptor and neprilysin inhibitor.
Irbesartan D4 is the deuterium labeled Irbesartan, which is a highly potent and specific angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist.
Valsartan (CGP-48933) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist for treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure.
Valsartan Ethyl Ester is an impurity of Valsartan. Valsartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure[1].
Novokinin TFA is a peptide agonist of the angiotensin AT2 receptor[1].
Saralasin ([Sar1,Ala8] Angiotensin II) is an octapeptide analog of angiotensin II. Saralasin is a competitive angiotensin II receptor antagonist with a Ki value of 0.32 nM for 74% of the binding sites, and has partial agonist activity as well. Saralasin can be used for the research of renovascular hypertension, renin-dependent (angiotensinogenic) hypertension[1][3][6].
Olmesartan D4 is the deuterium labeled Olmesartan. Olmesartan is an angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) antagonist used to treat high blood pressure.
Angiotensin amide ((Asn1,Val5)-Angiotensin II) is a potent vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin amide is a derivative of angiotensin II. Angiotensin amide can be used as a cardiac stimulant[1].
Dehydro Olmesartan is a derivative of Olmesartan. Olmesartan is an angiotensin II receptor (AT1R) antagonist and has the potential for high blood pressure study[1][2].
Candesartan D4 is the deuterium labeled Candesartan, which is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist.
Angiotensinogen (1-13) (human) is a fragment of the renin substrate angiotensinogen. Angiotensinogen is naturally occurring substrate for renin and a precursor for all angiotensin peptides[1][2].
AT2R antagonist 1 (compound 21) is a potent and high selective AT2R (angiotensin II AT2 receptor) ligand. AT2R antagonist 1 exhibits a fair AT2R affinity, with a Ki of 29 nM. AT2R antagonist 1 also inhibits common drug-metabolizing CYP enzymes. AT2R antagonist 1 shows high stability in human, rat and mouse liver microsomes[1].
Tranilast is an antiallergic agent.Target: Angiotensin ReceptorTranilast has been approved in Japan and South Korea, since 1982, for the treatment of bronchial asthma, with indications for keloids and hypertrophic scar added in 1993. Tranilast is also used to treat asthma, autoimmune diseases, atopic and fibrotic pathologies, and can also inhibit angiogenesis. The antiproliferative properties of tranilast were found that tranilast elicited an inhibitory effect on fibroblast proliferation in vitro and also suppressed collagen production both in vitro and in vivo . Tranilast also reduced the release of chemical mediators from mast cells and suppressed hypersensitivity reactions. [1]Three-week-old C57Bl/10 and mdx mice received tranilast (~300 mg/kg) in their food for 9 weeks, after which fibrosis was assessed through histological analyses, and functional properties of tibialis anterior muscles were assessed in situ and diaphragm muscle strips in vitro. Tranilast administration did not significantly alter the mass of any muscles in control or mdx mice, but it decreased fibrosis in the severely affected diaphragm muscle by 31% compared with untreated mdx mice (P<0.05) [2].
L-159282 is a highly potent, orally active, nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist, with anti-hypertensive activity.
Angiotensin II (3-8), human is a less effective agonist at the angiotensin AT1 receptor.
Azilsartan methyl ester, a derivative of Azilsartan (HY-14914), is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist that plays an important role in hypertension[1].
Candesartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist with IC50 of 0.26 nM.Target: Angiotensin II Receptorcandesartan is indicated for the treatment of hypertension. Results from the CHARM study in the early 2000s demonstrated the morbidity and mortality reduction benefits of candesartan therapy in congestive heart failure. Thus, while ACE inhibitors are still considered first-line therapy in heart failure, candesartan can be used in combination with an ACE to achieve improved mortality and morbidity vs. an ACE alone and additionally is an alternative in patients intolerant of ACE inhibitor therapy.Candesartan (0.5 mg/kg) decreases blood pressure and inhibits AT1 binding in the subfornical organ (SFO), paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) and area postrema (AP) in WKY rats. Candesartan (0.3 mg/kg) pretreatment decreases the infarct area by 31% in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats, reduces the CBF decrease at the peripheral area of ischemia and the cortical volume of severe ischemic lesion.
Candesartan Cilexetil (TCV-116) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.Target: Type-1 angiotensin II receptorCandesartan is generally well tolerated and significantly reduced cardiovascular deaths and hospital admissions for heart failure. Ejection fraction or treatment at baseline did not alter these effects [1]. In rats, TCV-116 inhibited the pressor responses to Ang I, Ang II, and Ang III without an effect on the bradykinin (BK)-induced depressor response. In SHR, the antihypertensive effect of TCV-116 (10 mg/kg) was larger than the maximum antihypertensive effect of enalapril and was not intensified by combination with enalapril. TCV-116 is more effective than enalapril in reducing blood pressure in SHR and 1K, 1C-HR, and that the BK- and/or prostaglandin-potentiating effect of enalapril contributes little to its antihypertensive mechanism in SHR [2].
Irbesartan is a highly potent and specific angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist with IC50 of 1.3 nM.Target: Angiotensin ReceptorIrbesartan treatment markedly induces the expression of the adipogenic marker gene adipose protein 2 (aP2) in 3T3-L1 cells in a concentration-dependent manner with EC50 of 3.5 μM and 3.3-fold induction at the concentration of 10 μM. Irbesartan (10 μM) markedly induces transcriptional activity of the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) by 3.4-fold independent of its AT1 receptor blocking action. Pretreatment with Irbesartan (~10 μM) decreases angiotensin II-induced apoptosis in rat vascular smooth muscle cells by blocking angiotensin II internalization in a concentrationdependent manner. Oral administration of Irbesartan (1 mg/kg) reduces angiotensin II (AII)-induced hypertension, equipotent with losartan in conscious normotensive rats, markedly more active than losartan (10 mg/kg) in normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. Administration of Irbesartan (7 mg/kg/day) significantly prevents skeletal muscle apoptosis and muscle atrophy in rats with monocrotaline-induced congestive heart failure (CHF), which is involved with the decrease of TNFα level and attributed to AT1 receptor blocking.
BMS-248360 is a potent and orally active dual antagonist of both angiotensin II receptor (AT1) and endothelin A (ETA) receptor, with Kis of 10 nM and 1.9 nM for hAT1 and hETA receptor, respectively. BMS-248360 displays hypertensive effects[1].
TD-0212 TFA is an orally active dual pharmacology angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist and neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor, with a pKi of 8.9 for AT1 and a pIC50 of 9.2 for NEP[1].
TD-0212 (compound 35) is an orally active dual pharmacology angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) antagonist and neprilysin (NEP) inhibitor, with a pKi of 8.9 for AT1 and a pIC50 of 9.2 for NEP[1].
Olmesartan medoxomil-d6 (CS 866-d6) is the deuterium labeled Olmesartan medoxomil. Olmesartan medoxomil is a potent and selective angiotensin AT1 receptor inhibitor with IC50 of 66.2 μM[1][2].
Eprosartan is a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist with IC50 of 9.2 and 3.9 nM in rat and human adrenal cortical membranes, respectively. IC50 Value: 9.2 nM(in rat adrenal cortical membranes); 3.9 nM(in human adrenal cortical membranes)Target: Angiotensin Receptor Type-1(AT1)in vitro: Eprosartan mesylate, is one of the highly selective, orally active, non-peptide angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists [1]. In rat and human adrenal cortical membranes, Eprosartan displaced specifically bound [125I]AII with IC50 of 9.2 and 3.9 nM, respectively. Eprosartan also inhibited [125I]AII binding to human liver membranes (IC50 = 1.7 nM) and to rat mesenteric artery membranes (IC50 = 1.5 nM). In rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells, Eprosartan caused a concentration-dependent inhibition of AII-induced increases in intracellular Ca++ levels. In rabbit aortic rings [2].in vivo: Administration of Eprosartan (3-10 mg/kg) intraduodenally or intragastrically to conscious normotensive rats resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of the pressor response to AII (250 ng/kg, i.v.). At 10 mg/kg, i.d., significant inhibition of the pressor response to AII was observed for 3 hr. In this same rat model, Eprosartan had no effect on base-line pressure or on the pressor response to norepinephrine or vasopressin [2]. Eprosartan is highly effective and safe in lowering blood pressure, notably SBP, in older subjects with mild to moderate hypertension [3]. Treatment with eprosartan in once-daily doses up to 1200 mg alone or in combination with HCTZ was well tolerated, with dizziness and asthenia being the most common side effects [4]. Therapy with eprosartan mesilat was associated with significant hypotensive effect (more evident in patients with high systolic blood pressure), improvement in 24-hour blood pressure profile and quality of life, and lower probability of secondary stroke. Side effects were not observed [5].