CGI-1746 is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of the Btk with IC50 of 1.9 nM.
Bilobalide is a biologically active terpenic trilactone present in Ginkgo biloba. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated its neuroprotective effects.IC50 Value: 3.33 (pIC50 Value) [1]Target: neuroprotectivein vitro: Inhibition by BB and GB was abolished in mutant receptors containing T6'S and S12'A substitutions, but their potencies were enhanced (42- and 125-fold, respectively) in S2'A mutant receptors [1]. BB enhanced the secretion of α-secretase-cleaved soluble amyloid precursor protein (sAPPα, a by-product of non-amyloidogenic processing of APP) and decreased the β amyloid protein (Aβ, a by-product of amyloidogenic processing of APP) via PI3K-dependent pathway [2].in vivo: Oral administration of bilobalide (10-30 mg/kg) significantly inhibited thermal hyperalgesia in response to carrageenan, capsaicin and paw incision, independent of dose, with an efficacy similar to that of diclofenac. In the carrageenan model, mechanical hypersensitivity and paw oedema were also significantly reduced after treatment with bilobalide (10-30 mg/kg) [3]. BB(4 and 8 mg/kg) significantly protected VD rats against cognitive deficits in the Morris water maze. Biochemical assessment showed that BB (4 and 8 mg/kg) increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione (GSH) content, and decreased nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content [4].Clinical trial: N/A
MRT67307 is a dual inhibitor of the IKKε and TBK-1 with IC50s of 160 and 19 nM, respectively. MRT67307 also inhibits ULK1 and ULK2 with IC50s of 45 and 38 nM, respectively.
AT9283 is a multitargeted kinase inhibitor which potently inhibits aurora kinase A/B, JAK2/3 (IC50=1.2 nM, 1.1 nM).
SR9011 is a REV-ERBα/β agonist with IC50s of 790 nM and 560 nM for REV-ERBα and REV-ERBβ, respectively.
Azithromycin hydrate is a macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
AICAR phosphate is an activator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), down-regulates the insulin receptor expression in HepG2 cells.
EACC is a reversible autophagy inhibitor, which can block autophagic flux. EACC selectively inhibits the translocation of autophagosome-specific SNARE Stx17 thereby blocking autophagosome-lysosome fusion[1].
Cearoin, isolated from Dalbergia odorifera, increases autophagy and apoptosis through the production of ROS and the activation of ERK[1].
Regorafenib Hydrochloride is a multi-target inhibitor for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1 with IC50s of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM, respectively.
Colchicine is a tubulin inhibitor and a microtubule disrupting agent. Colchicine inhibits microtubule polymerization with an IC50 of 3 nM.
SH379 is the derivative of 2-methylpyrimidine-fused tricyclic diterpene. SH379 is a potent and orally active anti-late-onset hypogonadism agent. SH379 significantly promotes the expression of the key testosterone synthesis-related enzymes StAR and 3β-HSD. SH379 stimulates autophagy through regulating AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway[1].
AUTAC2 is a FKBP12-targeting autophagy-mediated degrader (AUTAC). AUTAC2 contains an FBnG (p-Fluorobenzyl Guanine) and an SLF (c ligand of FKBP) moiety. SLF binds non-covalently to FKBP12[1].
Pyrazinamide-d3 is deuterium labeled Pyrazinamide. Pyrazinamide (Pyrazinecarboxamide; Pyrazinoic acid amide) is a potent and orally active antitubercular antibiotic. Pyrazinamide is a prodrug that is converted to the active form pyrazinoic acid (POA) by PZase/nicotinamidase encoded by the pncA gene in M. tuberculosis[1][2].
Bardoxolone is a synthetic triterpenoid compound with potential antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities, acting as an activator of the Nrf2 pathway and an inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway.
PAC-1 is an activator of procaspase-3 induces apoptosis in cancer cells with EC50 of 2.08 μM.
ZLN005-d4 is deuterium labeled ZLN005. ZLN005 is a potent activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α)[1].
Curcumin D6 (Diferuloylmethane D6) is a deuterium labeled Curcumin (Turmeric yellow). Curcumin (Turmeric yellow) is a natural phenolic compound with diverse pharmacologic effects including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiproliferative and antiangiogenic activities. Curcumin is an inhibitor of p300 histone acetylatransferase (HATs) and also shows inhibitory effects on NF-κB and MAPKs.
Afatinib impurity 11 is an impurity of Afatinib. Afatinib is an irreversible EGFR family inhibitor with IC50s of 0.5 nM, 0.4 nM, 10 nM and 14 nM for EGFRwt, EGFRL858R, EGFRL858R/T790M and HER2, respectively[1].
Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506) mesylate is an orally active and potent multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, with IC50 values of 13/4.2/46, 22, 7, 1.5 and 2.5 nM for VEGFR1/2/3, PDGFRβ, Kit, RET and Raf-1, respectively. Regorafenib mesylate shows very robust antitumor and antiangiogenic activity[1].
Elaiophylin (Azalomycin B; Gopalamicin; Efomycin E) is an autophagy inhibitor, exerts antitumor activity as a single agent in ovarian cancer cells[1].
Autophagy-IN-2 (Compound 7h) is an autophagic flux inhibitor. Autophagy-IN-2 induces cancer cell apoptosis and can be used for triple-negative breast cancer research[1].
Salubrinal is a cell-permeable and selective inhibitor of eIF2α dephosphorylation.
SBE13 is a potent and selective Plk1 inhibitor, with an IC50 of 200 pM; SBE13 poorly inhibits Plk2 (IC50>66 μM) or Plk3 (IC50=875 nM).
SR-3677 is a potent and selective ROCK-II inhibitor with an IC50 of ~3 nM.
Coibamide A, an N-methyl-stabilized cytotoxic depsipeptide, shows potent antiproliferative activity. Coibamide A induces autophagosome accumulation via an mTOR-independent mechanism. Coibamide A induces apoptosis. Coibamide A inhibits VEGFA/VEGFR2 expression and suppresses tumor growth in glioblastoma xenografts[1][2].
Schisandrin B(Wuweizisu-B) is a dibenzocyclooctadiene derivative isolated from Fructus Schisandrae, has been shown to produce antioxidant effect on rodent liver and heart.IC50 value:Target: in vitro: Schisandrin B exhibits anti-inflammatory activity through modulation of the redox-sensitive transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB. SB inhibited mitogen-induced proliferation and cytokine secretion by lymphocytes [1]. Sch B can protect neuronal cells against oxidative challenge, presumably by functioning as a hormetic agent to sustain cellular redox homeostasis and mitoenergetic capacity in neuronal cells [2]. Sch B exerted significant neuroprotective effects against microglial-mediated inflammatory injury in microglia-neuron co-cultures. Sch B significantly downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines, including nitrite oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 [3]. Sch B could inhibit TGF-β induced EMT of 4T1 cells and of primary human breast cancer cells [4].in vivo: Similar anti-inflammatory effects of SB on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine secretion were also observed in vivo [1]. Treatment with Sch B in CsA-treated mice significantly suppressed the elevation of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels and attenuated the histopathological changes. Additionally, Sch B also decreased renal MDA levels and increased GSH levels in CsA-treated mice [5].
Ezetimibe (SCH 58235) is a Niemann-Pick C1-like1 (NPC1L1) inhibitor, and is a potent Nrf2 activator. Ezetimibe (SCH 58235) is a potent cholesterol absorption inhibitor.
Bromhexine Hydrochloride is a medication prescribed for coughs which works by dissolving hard phlegm.Target: OthersBromhexine is a mucolytic agent used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus. In addition, bromhexine has antioxidant properties. Bromhexine is intended to support the body's mechanisms for clearing mucus from the respiratory tract. Bromhexine is a synthetic derivative of the herbal active ingredient vasicine. It has been shown to increase the proportion of serous bronchial secretion, making it more easily expectorated. It is indicated as "secretolytic therapy in bronchopulmonary diseases associated with abnormal mucus secretion and impaired mucus transport". From Wikipedia. [1]
Dihydroartemisinin is a potent anti-malaria agent.