Naphthazarin (DHNQ) is a naturally occurring compound. Naphthazarin is effective by various cellular mechanisms including oxidative stress, activation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), depolymerization of microtubules, interference with lysosomal function and p53-dependent p21 activation. Naphthazarin triggers apoptosis and has anti-tumor effects[1][2].
Sophoraflavanone G (Kushenol F) is iaolated from Sophora flavescens and shows anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory properties. Sophoraflavanone G (Kushenol F) induces MDA-MB-231 and HL-60 cells apoptosis through suppression of MAPK-related pathways[1][2].
Tubulin inhibitor 23 is a potent Tubulin inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.8 µM. Tubulin inhibitor 23 induces cell apoptosis. Tubulin inhibitor 23 shows antiangiogenic activity in a dose-dependent manner. Tubulin inhibitor 23 has the potential for the research of leukaemia[1].
SP-8356, an anti-inflammatory synthetic verbenone derivative, is a potent, orally active cluster of differentiation 147 (CD147) inhibitor. SP-8356 inhibits CD147-cyclophilin A (CypA) interaction and reduces MMP-9 activity. SP-8356 exerts anti-breast cancer effects by inhibiting NF-κB signaling. Anti-atherosclerotic effects[1][2][3].
Pyrazoloacridine (NSC 366140), an intercalating agent with anti-cancer activity, inhibits the activity of topoisomerases 1 and 2. Pyrazoloacridine (NSC 366140) exhibits an IC50 of 1.25 μM in K562 myeloid leukemia cells for 24 h treatment[1][2].
bpV(phen) is a potent protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) and PTEN inhibitor with IC50s of 38 nM, 343 nM and 920 nM for PTEN, PTP-β and PTP-1B. bpV(phen) is an insulin-mimetic agent following insulin-receptor tyrosine kinase hyperphosphorylation and activation. bpV(phen) activates HIV-1 transcription and replication via NF-κB-dependent and independent mechanisms. bpV(phen) inhibits proliferation of the protozoan parasite Leishmania in vitro. bpV(phen) strongly induces the secretion of a large number of chemokines and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and it activates a Th1-type pathway (IL-12, IFNγ). bpV(phen) can also induce cell apoptosis, and has anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor activity[1][2][3][4][5].
Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0) is a potent, oral active ubiquinone compound can be derived from Antrodia cinnamomea. Coenzyme Q0 induces apoptosis and autophagy, suppresses of HER-2/AKT/mTOR signaling to potentiate the apoptosis and autophagy mechanisms. Coenzyme Q0 regulates NFκB/AP-1 activation and enhances Nrf2 stabilization in attenuation of inflammation and redox imbalance. Coenzyme Q0 has anti-angiogenic activity through downregulation of MMP-9/NF-κB and upregulation of HO-1 signaling[1][2][3].
PT-262 is a potent ROCK inhibitor with an IC50 value of around 5 μM. PT-262 induces the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and elevates the caspase-3 activation and apoptosis. PT-262 inhibits the ERK and CDC2 phosphorylation via a p53-independent pathway. PT-262 blocks cytoskeleton function and cell migration. PT-262 has anti-cancer activity[1][2].
Acetylcysteine-d3 (N-Acetylcysteine-d3) is the deuterium labeled Acetylcysteine. Acetylcysteine (N-Acetylcysteine) is a mucolytic agent which reduces the thickness of the mucus. Acetylcysteine is a ROS inhibitor[1]. Acetylcysteine is a cysteine precursor, prevents hemin-induced ferroptosis by neutralizing toxic lipids generated by arachidonate-dependent activity of 5-lipoxygenases[5]. Acetylcysteine induces cell apoptosis[2][3]. Acetylcysteine also has anti-influenza virus activities[7].
EB-3D is a novel potent and selective choline kinase ChoKα inhibitor with IC50 of 1.0 uM (purified ChoKα1), strongly impairs cell proliferation in a variety of different cancer cell lines; demonstrates in vitro antiproliferative effects against HeLa (IC50=79 nM), RS4,11 (IC50=45 nM), A549 (IC50=27 nM) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50=100 nM); displays excellent antiproliferative activity against a wide cohort of T-leukemic cell lines with GI50 of 0.9 nM (MOLT-16 cell)-479 nM (CCRF-CEM), reduces the intracellular pool of PCho, but also inhibits the synthesis of choline-containing lipids; induces G0/G1 arrest that lead to apoptosis in leukemia cell lines; affects AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway, synergizes with both dexamethasone and L-asparaginase.
FG-3019 (Pamrevlumab) is a recombinant human antibody that binds to connective tissue growth factor (CTGF). FG-3019 can be used for the research of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)[1][2].
8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate is a potent and orally active STAT3 inhibitor. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate induces early oxidative stress and Pyroptosis, and late DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, Apoptosis in the TNBC cells. 8α-Tigloyloxyhirsutinolide 13-O-acetate suppresses tumor cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in vivo[1][2].
ASK1-IN-5 (S-99) is an inhibitor of apoptosis signal-regulated kinase 1 (ASK1) and is useful in the study of autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases[1].
L-Glutamic acid-d5 is the deuterium labeled L-Glutamic acid. L-Glutamic acid acts as an excitatory transmitter and an agonist at all subtypes of glutamate receptors (metabotropic, kainate, NMDA, and AMPA). L-Glutamic acid shows a direct activating effect on the release of DA from dopaminergic terminals.
NSC 48160 inhibits the growth of the pancreatic cancer cells with IC50s of 84.3 μM for CPFAC-1 and 94.5 μM for BxPC-3. NSC 48160 also induces pancreatic cancer cell apoptosis. NSC 48160 can improve metabolic syndromes, such as NASH, obesity and lipid metabolism disorders[1][2].
Cystamine-d8 (dihydrochloride） is the deuterium labeled Cystamine (dihydrochloride）[1]. Cystamine (dihydrochloride) is the disulfide form of the free thiol, cysteamine. Cystamine is an orally active transglutaminase (Tgase) inhibitor. Cystamine also has inhibition activity for caspase-3 with an IC50 value of 23.6 μM. Cystamine can be used for the research of severals diseases including Huntington's disease (HD)[2][3][4].
Ascochlorin (Ilicicolin D), an isoprenoid antibiotic, mediates its anti-tumor effects predominantly through the suppression of STAT3 signaling cascade. Ascochlorin induces apoptosis. Anti-inflammatory activity[1][2][3].
Dehydrobruceine B, a quassinoid, can be isolated from Brucea javanica. Dehydrobruceine B shows a synergistic effect with Cisplatin (HY-17394) to induce apoptosis via mitochondrial method. Dehydrobruceine B increases apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) and Bax expression and suppresses Keap1-Nrf2[1].
Rabeprazole D4 (LY307640 D4) is a deuterium labeled Rabeprazole. Rabeprazole is a second-generation proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that irreversibly inactivates gastric H+/K+-ATPase. Rabeprazole induces apoptosis. Rabeprazole acts as an uridine nucleoside ribohydrolase (UNH) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.3 μM. Rabeprazole can be used for the research of gastric ulcerations and gastroesophageal reflux[1][2][3].
Dithiodipropionic acid can interact with CPUL1 (HY-151802, a TrxR inhibitor) to form nanoaggregates (CPUL1-DA NAs). CPUL1-DA NAs generates more abundant ROS to induce cell apoptosis than that of free CPUL1, and improves antitumor efficacy against HUH7 cancer cells[1].
Perphenazine dihydrochloride is an orally active dopamine receptor and histamine-1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 0.56 nM (D2), 0.43 nM (D3), .6 nM (5-HT2A), respectively. Perphenazine dihydrochloride also binds to Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor. Perphenazine dihydrochloride inhibits cancer cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis. Perphenazine dihydrochloride can be used in the research of mental disease, cancer, inflammation[1][3][5].
EGFR-IN-46 is a potent EGFR and FAK dual inhibitor with IC50s of 20.17 nM, 14.25 nM, respectively. EGFR-IN-46 significantly inhibits the growth of cancer cells. EGFR-IN-46 induces cell apoptosis[1].
Quinidine polygalacturonate is an antiarrhythmic agent. Quinidine polygalacturonate is a potent, orally active, selective cytochrome P450db inhibitor. Quinidine polygalacturonate is also a K+ channel blocker with an IC50 of 19.9 μM, and can induce apoptosis. Quinidine polygalacturonate can be used for malaria research[1][2][3][4].
Higenamine hydrochloride (Norcoclaurine hydrochloride), a β2-AR agonist, is a key component of the Chinese herb aconite root that prescribes for treating symptoms of heart failure in the oriental Asian countries. Higenamine hydrochloride (Norcoclaurine hydrochloride) has anti-apoptotic effects[1][2].
Incensole acetate is a main constituent of Boswellia carterii resin, has neuroprotective effects against neuronal damage in traumatic and ischemic head injury. Incensole acetate reduces Aβ25–35-triggered apoptosis in hOBNSCs[1].
Ethylene dimethane sulfonate is a mild alkylating, non-volatile methanesulfonic diester of ethylene glycol. Ethylene dimethanesulfonate has selective pro-apoptotic effects on LCs[1].
Picrasidine Q, an alkaloid component extracted from Angelica keiskei species, has the capacity of anti-cell transformation and anti-cancer. Picrasidine Q induces cell apoptosis and G1 phase arrest in human esophageal cancer cell lines, and directly inhibits FGFR2 kinase activity[1].
1G244 is a potent DPP8/9 inhibitor with IC50s of 12 nM and 84 nM, respectively. 1G244 does not inhibit DPPIV and DPPII. 1G244 induces apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells and has anti-myeloma effects[1][2].
Cholesterol myristate is a natural steroid present in traditional Chinese medicine.
TK216 directly binds EWS-FLI1 and inhibits EWS-FLI1 protein interactions, leading to a decrease in transcription and proliferation. TK216 blocks the binding between EWS-FLI1 and RNA helicase A. TK216 is active in oncogenesis and inhibits apoptosis[1].