Isosilybin A, a flavonolignan isolated from silymarin, has anti-prostate cancer (PCA) activity. Isosilybin A inhibits proliferation and induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in cancer cells, which activates apoptotic machinery in PCA cells via targeting Akt-NF-κB-androgen receptor (AR) axis[1][2].
Obatoclax (GX15-070), a BH3 mimetic, is a pan-BCL-2 family proteins inhibitor with a Ki of 220 nM for BCL-2[1][2]. Obatoclax induces autophagy-dependent cell death and targets cyclin D1 for proteasomal degradation. Obatoclax has anti-cancer and broad-spectrum antiparasitic activity[3][4].
PCC0208017 is a microtubule affinity regulating kinases (MARK3/MARK4) inhibitor with IC50s of 1.8 and 2.01 nM, respectively. PCC0208017 has much lower inhibitory activity against MARK1 and MARK2, with IC50s of 31.4 and 33.7 nM, respectively. PCC0208017 suppresses glioma progression in vitro and in vivo. PCC0208017 disrupts microtubule dynamics and induces G2/M phase cell cycle arrest and cell apoptosis. PCC0208017 demonstrates robust antitumor activity in vivo and displays good BBB permeability[1].
Prosapogenin A, a natural product from Veratrum, induces apoptosis in human cancer cells in vitro via inhibition of the STAT3 signaling pathway and glycolysis[1].
PK095 is a p53 mutant stabilizer. PK095 can be used for research of cancer[1].
Rosamultic acid is an A-ring contracted triterpene, that can be isolated from the roots of Rosa rnultiflora. Rosamultic acid inhibits gastric cancer cells proliferation by inducing Apoptosis mediated through cell cycle arrest, downregulation of cell cycle related protein expressions, inhibition of cell migration, DNA damage, and activation of caspases[1][2].
Bcl-2-IN-10 is an active Bcl-2 inhibitor that can release up to four nitric oxide (NO) molecules. Bcl-2-IN-10 has cytotoxic activities against cancer cells, such as human leukemia, breast cancer and lung cancer. Bcl-2-IN-10 induces cell apopotosis and arrest cell cycle of G2/M phase, and can be used in cancer-related research[1].
Genistein, a soy isoflavone, is a multiple tyrosine kinases inhibitor which acts as a chemotherapeutic agent against different types of cancer, mainly by altering apoptosis, the cell cycle, and angiogenesis and inhibiting metastasis.
Ilexsaponin A, isolated from the root of Ilex pubescens, attenuates ischemia-reperfusion-induced myocardial injury through anti-apoptotic pathway. Ilexsaponin A can reduce myocardial infarct size, lower the serum levels of LDH, AST and CK-MB, increase cellular viability and inhibit apoptosis in hypoxia/reoxygenation cardiomyocytes[1].
Garivulimab (BGB-A333) is a humanized IgG1-variant monoclonal antibody that specifically targets and binds to PD-L1. Garivulimab selectively blocks the interaction of PD-L1 and PD-1. Garivulimab has antitumor activity[1].
YS-363 is a potent, selective, and orally active EGFR inhibitor, with IC50s of 0.96 nM and 0.67 nM for wild-type and L858R mutant forms of EGFR, respectively. YS-363 can induce G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis[1].
BTM-3528 is an activator of the mitochondrial protease OMA1 and mediates excessive activation of the mitochondrial integrated stress response (ISR). BTM-3528 stimulates OMA1-dependent DELE1 and OPA1 cleavage and mitochondrial fragmentation. BTM-3528 activates eIF2α kinase HRI, inducing cell growth arrest and apoptosis. BTM-3528 has anticancer activity against multiple DLBCL cell lines and has in vivo inhibitory potency in a mouse model xenografted with human DLBCL SU-DHL-10 cells[1].
2-Methoxyestradiol-d5 is the deuterium labeled 2-Hydroxyestradiol. 2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2), an orally active endogenous metabolite of 17β-estradiol (E2), is an apoptosis inducer and an angiogenesis inhibitor with potent antineoplastic activity. 2-Methoxyestradiol also destablize microtubules. 2-Methoxyestradio, also a potent superoxide dismutase (SOD) inhibitor and a ROS-generating agent, induces autophagy in the transformed cell line HEK293 and the cancer cell lines U87 and HeLa[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
Hematein is a oxidation product of hematoxylin acted as a dye[1]. Hematein is an allosteric casein kinase II inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.74 μM. Hematein inhibits Akt/PKB Ser129 phosphorylation, the Wnt/TCF pathway and increases apoptosis in lung cancer cells[2].
CID 2011756 is an ATP competitive PKD inhibitor, with an IC50 of 3.2 µM for PKD1 in cell free assay, and also shows cellular pan-PKD inhibitory activity against PKD2 and PKD3 (IC50, 0.6 and 0.7 µM, respectively). CID 2011756 also has antitumor activity.
Apoptosis inducer 2 (Compound 2) is an apoptosis inducer that mainly triggers necrosis. Apoptosis inducer 2 shows cytotoxicity against cancer cells[1].
L-Glutamine-5-13C (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide-5-13C) is the 13C-labeled L-Glutamine. L-Glutamine (L-Glutamic acid 5-amide) is a non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and involved in many metabolic processes. L-Glutamine provides a source of carbons for oxidation in some cells[1][2].
Urolithin C, a gut-microbial metabolite of Ellagic acid, is a glucose-dependent activator of insulin secretion. Urolithin C is a L-type Ca2+ channel opener and enhances Ca2+ influx. Urolithin C induces cell apoptosis through a mitochondria-mediated pathway and also stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation[1][2].
Topoisomerase II inhibitor 11 (compound 3d) is a potent Topoisomerase II inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2.89 μM. Topoisomerase II inhibitor 11 shows 92.46% inhibition on renal cancer cell line A498 with an IC50 of 3.5 μM. Topoisomerase II inhibitor 11 causes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase leading to cell proliferation inhibition and pro-apoptotic activity[1].
Prostaglandin A2 (PGA2), a human endogenous metabolite of PGE2, is an antitumor agent. Prostaglandin A2 induces p53-dependent Apoptosis. Prostaglandin A2 also has antiviral activity[1][2][3].
Antitumor agent-79 shows good antiproliferative activities against hepatocellular carcinoma and breast cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.7-7.9 μM. Antitumor agent-79 induces cancer cells apoptosis and shows in vivo antitumor effects. Antitumor agent-79 can be used for the research of cancer[1].
Fangchinoline is isolated from Stephania tetrandra with extensive biological activities, such as enhancing immunity, anti-inflammatory sterilization and anti-atherosclerosis. Fangchinoline, a novel HIV-1 inhibitor, inhibits HIV-1 replication by impairing gp160 proteolytic processing[1]. Fangchinoline targets Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and suppresses FAK-mediated signaling pathway in tumor cells which highly expressed FAK[2]. Fangchinoline induces apoptosis and adaptive autophagy in bladder cancer[3].
YM-155 is a survivin inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.54 nM.
ZINC69391, a specific Rac1 inhibitor, interferes with Rac1-GEF interaction by masking Trp56 residue on Rac1 surface. ZINC69391 interferes with the interaction of Rac1 with Dock180 and reduces Rac1-GTP levels. ZINC69391 induces apoptosis, and shows antiproliferative and antimetastatic effects[1][2][3].
Anticancer agent 65 (compound 4c) shows excellent activity in cancer cell lines, especially A549 cells, with an IC50 of 1.07 μM. Anticancer agent 65 induces S-phase arrest in A549 cells and increases the expression level of p53 and p21. Anticancer agent 65 causes apoptosis, ROS generation and collapse of MMP in A549 cells[1].
ABT-510 is an anti-angiogenic TSP peptide (Thrombospondin-1 analogue) that induces apoptosis and inhibits ovarian tumour growth in an orthotopic, syngeneic model of epithelial ovarian cancer. ABT-510 also reduces angiogenesis and inflammatory responses in a murine model of inflammatory bowel disease. ABT-510 can be used in studies of cancer (particularly epithelial ovarian cancer) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)[1][2].
Topoisomerase II inhibitor 3 (Compound 6 h ) is a acridone derivatives, as well as a Type II DNA topoisomerase (topo II) inhibitor , as a topo IIα/β inhibitor with the value of IC50 is 0.17 μM for topo IIα and the value of IC50 is 0.23 μM for topo IIβ subtypes, caused obvious DNA damage, and induced apoptosis by triggering the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential[1].
GSK'872 is a RIPK3 inhibitor, which binds RIP3 kinase domain with an IC50 of 1.8 nM, and inhibits kinase activity with an IC50 of 1.3 nM.
RMS5, a tetrandrine analogue, is a potent P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor. RMS5 has markedly antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on cancer cells. RMS5 slightly diminishes the expression of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bcl-XL and Mcl-1. RMS3 causes PARP cleavage, a marker for cells undergoing apoptosis. RMS5 has strong anticancer property[1].