β-Rubromycin is a potent and selective inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) RNA-directed DNA polymeras (reverse transcriptase). β-Rubromycin is a class of quinone antibacterials[1].
Amikacin hydrate (BAY 41-6551 hydrate), a semisynthetic analog of kanamycin, is very active against most gram-negative bacteria including gentamicin- and tobramycin-resistant strains. Amikacin hydrate (BAY 41-6551 hydrate) is ototoxic and nephrotoxic[1][2].
Nelfinavir-d3 (AG1341-d3) is the deuterium labeled Nelfinavir. Nelfinavir (AG-1341) is a potent and orally bioavailable HIV-1 protease inhibitor (Ki=2 nM) for HIV infection. Nelfinavir is a broad-spectrum, anticancer agent[1][2][3].
Antiviral agent 34 is a potent and orally active antiviral agent against influenza A and B subtypes with an EC50 value of 0.8 nM for H1N1 proliferation. Antiviral agent 34 derivatives inhibited influenza virus proliferation by targeting influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Antiviral agent 34 can be used for influenza virus research[1].
N-Desethyl amodiaquine is the major biologically active metabolite of Amodiaquine. N-Desethyl amodiaquine is an antiparasitic agent. IC50 values for strains V1/S and 3D7 are 97 nM and 25 nM, respectively[1].
HCV-IN-36 (compound (S)-3h) is an orally active and potent HCV entry inhibitor. HCV-IN-36 shows excellent antiviral activity, with an EC50 of 0.016 μM and a CC50 (half-maximal cytotoxic concentration) of 8.78 μM[1].
RSV/IAV-IN-3 (compound 14'i) is a dual inhibitor of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza A virus (IAV) with EC50 values of 2.92 µM and 1.90 µM,respectively. RSV/IAV-IN-3 has antiviral effect against H1N1 and H3N2 with EC50 values of 3.25 µM and 1.50 µM in MDCK cells, respectively. RSV/IAV-IN-3 significantly inhibits the activity of luciferase in a dose-dependent manner, with an EC50 of 3.89 µM. RSV/IAV-IN-3 inhibits IAV infectivity and RdRp activity. RSV/IAV-IN-3 inhibits IAV and RSV replication at the post-entry stage[1].
Macrocarpal C can be isolated from the 95 % ethanol extract of fresh leaves of E. globulus. Macrocarpal C inhibits the growth of T. mentagrophytes via an increase in the permeability of the fungal membrane. Macrocarpal C increases the production of intracellular ROS and? induces apoptosis as a consequence of DNA fragmentation[1].
5-O-(E)-p-Coumaroylquinic acid, a quinic acid derivative, is a potent phytochemical agent against hepatitis B virus[1].
Sakuranetin is a rice flavonoid phytoalexin, shows strong antifungal activity[1]. Sakuranetin has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities. Sakuranetin ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury[2].
Cidofovir dehydrate is an injectable antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, which suppresses virus replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA synthesis.Target: CMV DNA polymeraseCidofovir is an injectable antiviral medication for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in patients with AIDS. It suppresses CMV replication by selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase and therefore prevention of viral replication and transcription. It is an acyclic nucleoside phosphonate, and is therefore independent of phosphorylation by viral enzymes, unlike acyclovir.Cidofovir was discovered at the Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Prague, by Antonín Hol?, and developed by Gilead Sciences and is marketed with the brand name Vistide by Gilead in the USA, and by Pfizer elsewhere. Maintenance therapy with cidofovir involves an infusion only once every two weeks, making it a convenient treatment option. Because dosing is relatively infrequent, a permanent catheter is not necessary for infusions.
Temporin F is an antimicrobial peptide against Legionella pneumophila[1].
Novobiocin (Albamycin) is a potent and orally active antibiotic. Novobiocin also is a DNA gyrase inhibitor and a heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) antagonist. Novobiocin has the potential for the research of highly beta-lactam-resistant pneumococcal infections. Novobiocin shows anti-orthopoxvirus activity[1][2][3][4][6].
Polyphyllin G is isolated from the rhizomes of Paris yunnanensis, with antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Polyphyllin G prevents the growth of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs)[1].Polyphyllin G induces apoptosis dependent on the activations of caspase-8, -3, and -9, induces autophagy[2].
Inarigivir (ORI-9020) ammonium is a dinucleotide antiviral drug that can significantly reduce liver HBV DNA in transgenic mice expressing hepatitis B virus. Inarigivir (ORI-9020) ammonium acts as a RIG-I (Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I) agonist to activate cellular innate immune responses[1][2].
Bellidifolin is a xanthone isolated from the stems of Swertia punicea, with hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory and antitumor activities[1][2][3]. Bellidifolin also acts as a viral protein R (Vpr) inhibitor[4].
[5-(2-Thienyl)-3-isoxazolyl]methanol (Compound D) is an AgrA-DNA binding inhibitor. [5-(2-Thienyl)-3-isoxazolyl]methanol can be used for S.aureus infection research[1].
BRL-42715 is a potent inhibitor of a broad range of bacterial beta-lactamases (β-lactamase) [1].
Bacitracin is a polypeptide antibiotic used for staphylococcal infections. Bacitracin functions as an inhibitor of cell wall biosynthesis through its binding to the undecaprenyl pyrophosphate. The combination of bacitracin with other antibiotics has been efficient to be used as a topical agent[1].
Antioxidant agent-9 is a peptide with the sequence Asp-Trp. Antioxidant agent-9 shows antioxidant activity. Antioxidant agent-9 also is potential as SARS-CoV-2 antiviral, with an affinity strength equal to Chloroquine (HY-17589A) and Favipiravir (HY-14768)[1][2].
Efungumab is a monoclonal antibody with antifungal activity. Efungumab binds to HSP 90, preventing a conformational change needed for fungal viability. Efungumab can be used for research on invasive candidiasis (IC)[1].
Tripterifordin, isolated from the roots of Tripterygium wilfordii, possesses significant anti-HIV replication activities in H9 lymphocyte cells with an EC50 value of 3100 nM, respectively[1].
Angustifoline, an alkaloid, can be isolated from Lupinus angustifolius L. alkaloid extract. Angustifoline exhibits antimicrobial activity. Angustifoline could have bacteriostatic effects against S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and B. thuringiensis[1].
Teicoplanin sodium (Antibiotic MDL-507 sodium) is a potent lipoglycopeptide antibiotic. Teicoplanin sodium shows antiviral activity for HIV-1, SARS-CoV1 and SARS-CoV2. Teicoplanin sodium shows anti-MRSA activity[1][2].
Heliquinomycin is an inhibitor of DNA helicase (Ki: 6.8 μM) and inhibits DNA and RNA synthesis. Heliquinomycin is effective against Gram-positive bacteria strains. Heliquinomycin inhibits cancer cell growth[1][2].
SP-B peptide is an antimicrobial peptide. SP-B peptide has antifungal activity against strains of Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans and Aspergillus fumigatus[1]
Dihydrostreptomycin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, used to treat bacterial diseases in cattle, pigs and sheep.
Minocycline is an orally active, potent and BBB-penetrated semi-synthetic tetracycline antibiotic. Minocycline is a hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α inhibitor. Minocycline shows anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and glutamate antagonist effects. Minocycline reduces glutamate neurotransmission and shows neuroprotective properties and antidepressant effects. Minocycline inhibits bacterial protein synthesis through binding with the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, resulting in a bacteriostatic effect[1][2][3][4][5][6][7].
SAMT-247 is a microbicide that selectively inactivate the viral nucleocapsid protein NCp7, causing zinc ejection and preventing RNA encapsidation. SAMT-247 shows good antiviral activity[1][2].
Fomivirsen (ISIS-2922 free base) is an antisense 21 mer phosphorothioate oligonucleotide. Fomivirsen is an antiviral agent that is used cytomegalovirus retinitis (CMV) research, incluiding in AIDs. Fomivirsen binds to and degrades the mRNAs encoding CMV immediate-early 2 protein, thus inhibiting virus proliferation[1][2].