CART(55-102)(human) is an endogenous satiety factor with potent appetite-suppressing activity. CART(55-102)(human) is closely associated with leptin and neuropeptide Y[1][2].
Rp-cAMPS, a cAMP analog, is a potent, competitive cAMP-induced activation of cAMP-dependent PKA I and II (Kis of 12.5 µM and 4.5 µM, respectively) antagonist. Rp-cAMPS is resistant to hydrolysis by phosphodiesterases[1][2][3][4][5][6].
LY 344864 hydrochloride is a selective 5-HT1F agonist with a Ki of 6 nM.
Propofol-d17 (2,6-Diisopropylphenol-d17) is the deuterium labeled Propofol. Propofol potently and directly activates GABAA receptor and inhibits glutamate receptor mediated excitatory synaptic transmission. Propofol has antinociceptive properties and is used for sedation and hypnotic[1].
μ opioid receptor agonist 1 （Compound H-1a）is an optically pure oxaspiro ring substituted pyrrolopyrazole derivative, acts as a MOR receptor agonist and can be used for the research of pain and pain related diseases[1].
Trazodone HCl is an antidepressant belonging to the class of serotonin receptor antagonists and reuptake inhibitors for treatment of anxiety disorders.Target: 5-HT ReceptorTrazodone is a triazolopyridine derivative, chemically and pharmacologically unrelated to other currently available antidepressants. Trazodone has been successfully used in a small number of patients with depression and pre-existing cardiovascular disease. trazodone has also been used as a hypnotic for psychotropic-induced or other insomnias with some success [1]. Trazodone is an effective hypnotic for patients with antidepressant-associated insomnia [2]. Trazodone may be helpful in men with erectile dysfunction (ED), possibly more so at higher doses, and in men with psychogenic ED. Future high-quality trials should compare trazodone with placebo and other therapies in men with depression and psychogenic ED [3].
5-HT1A modulator 1 displays very high affinities for the 5HT1A, adrenergic α1 and dopamine D2 receptor with IC50s of 2 ±0.3 nM, 10 ± 3 nM and 40 ±9 nM, respectively.
R 59-022 (DKGI-I) is a diacylglycerol kinase inhibitor (IC50=2.8 μM). R 59-022 is a 5-HTR antagonist, and activates protein kinase C (PKC). R 59-022 potentiates thrombin-induced diacylglycerol production in platelets and inhibits phosphatidic acid production in neutrophils[1][2][3][4].
TTA-Q6 is a selective T-type Ca2+ channel antagonist, used in the neurological disease.
Pinoresinol dimethyl ether ((+)-Eudesmin) is a non-phenolic furofuran lignan isolated from the stem bark of Magnolia kobus with neuritogenic activity. Pinoresinol dimethyl ether ((+)-Eudesmin) can induce neuritis outgrowth from PC12 cells by stimulating up-stream MAPK, PKC and PKA pathways[1][2].
Calycanthine, the principal alkaloid of the order Calycanthaceae, has been isolated from a species of the genus Psychotria, and is a central nervous system toxin, causing convulsions[1][2].
Methyl isoeugenol (MIE) is a natural food flavour that can be isolated from Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus leaf. Methyl isoeugenol shows anxiolytic and antidepressant like effects. Methyl isoeugenol is orally active[1].
CyPPA is a positive modulator of hSK3 and hSK2, with EC50 values of 14 μM and 5.6 μM, repectively. CyPPA is inactive on both hSK1 and hIK channels[1][2].
ASP 2905 (ASP2905) is a novel potent, selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of voltage-gated potassium channel KCNH3 with IC50 of 9.0 nM; displays minimally bound with low affinities to 55 transmembrane proteins; decreases the frequency of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents in cultured rat hippocampal neurons at 0.1-1 uM; reverses the disruption of spontaneous alternation behavior induced by MK-801 and scopolamine in mice, and ameliorates the cognitive deficits of aged rats. Alzheimer Disease Phase 1 Discontinued
Guanoxabenz (Hydroxyguanabenz) hydrochloride is an α2 adrenergic receptor agonist, with a Ki of 4000 nM and the fully activated form 40 nM for an α2A adrenoceptor[1][2][3].
Dynole 2−24 is an indole-based dynamin GTPase inhibitor (IC50=0.56 μM for dynamin I). Dynole 2−24 is nontoxic and shows increased potency against dynamin I and II in vitro and in cells (IC₅₀(CME)=1.9 μM). Dynole 2−24 also shows 4.4-fold selectivity for dynamin I. Dynole 2−24 is active in-cell inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endocytosis[1]. CME: Clathrin mediated endocytosis
Uldazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative and can be used to treat patients with anxiety syndromes as tranquilizer.
D-Pentamannuronic acid, an alginate oligomer, is produced by marine brown algae and by a limited range of Gram negative bacteria. D-Pentamannuronic acid can be used for the research of pain and vascular dementia[1][2][3][4].
Synephrine (Oxedrine) hemitartrate, an alkaloid, is an α-adrenergic and β-adrenergic agonist derived from the Citrus aurantium. Synephrine hemitartrate is a sympathomimetic compound and can be used for weight loss[1][2].
Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic medication used to relieve urinary and bladder difficulties.Target: mAChROxybutynin is an anticholinergic medication used to relieve urinary and bladder difficulties, including frequent urination and inability to control urination (urge incontinence), by decreasing muscle spasms of the bladder. Oxybutynin competitively antagonizes the M1, M2, and M3 subtypes of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. It also has direct spasmolytic effects on bladder smooth muscle as a calcium antagonist and local anesthetic, but at concentrations far above those used clinically. Oxybutynin is available orally in generic formulation or as the brand-names Ditropan, Lyrinel XL, or Ditrospam, as a transdermal patch under the brand name Oxytrol, and as a topical gel under the brand name Gelnique. Oxybutynin is also a possible treatment of hyperhidrosis (hyper-active sweating) [1-3].
XEN907 is a novel spirooxindole NaV1.7 blocker, inhibits hNaV1.7 with IC50 of 3 nM.IC50 value: 3 nMTarget: NaV1.7in vitro: XEN907 shows a further 10-fold increase in potency, represents a promising structure for further optimization efforts. XEN907 shows no significant activity at 10 μM against a broad panel of 63 receptors and transporters. Determination of the ADME properties of XEN907 reveals that XEN907 is not cytotoxic and has favourable hepatocyte metabolic stability for both human and dog, although inhibition of CYP3A4 is observed in a recombinant human enzyme assay.[1]in vivo: Pharmacokinetic analysis in rats of XEN907 demonstrates that, consistent with the compound's ADME parameters, the compound is modestly bioavailable. Following an initial rapid absorption phase (oral Tmax = 20 min), XEN907 is extensively distributed (Vss 600-fold higher than the plasma volume in rats) and rapidly cleared. [1]
Acetyl-Tau Peptide (273-284) amide is an acetylated Tau peptide fragment. Acetyl-Tau Peptide (273-284) amide limits the substantial aggregation of Ac-Aβ(25–35)-NH2 and can be used as an inhibitor of Ac-Aβ(25–35)-NH2. Acetyl-Tau Peptide (273-284) amide can be used as an experimental model to investigate the Aβ/Tau cross-interaction [1][2].
Epiberberine chloride, a natural alkaloid, is a BACE1 inhibitor, which also exhibits inhibition activity on CYP2D6 and aldose reductase, alpha-adrenoceptors, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase, and b-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1.
Small cardioactive peptide A (SCPA) is a neuropeptide that can be obtained from Aplysia[1].
7,8-Dihydroneopterin, an inflammation marker, induces cellular apoptosis in astrocytes and neurons via enhancement of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. 7,8-Dihydroneopterin can be used in the research of neurodegenerative diseases[1].
(Rac)-Hesperetin is the racemate of Hesperetin. Hesperetin is a natural flavanone, and acts as a potent and broad-spectrum inhibitor against human UGT activity. Hesperetin induces apoptosis via p38 MAPK activation.
6-Methoxykaempferol 3-O-Rutinoside is a natural product isolated from the herbs of Pilocarpus pennatifolius[1].
Glycine-13C2 is the 13C-labeled Glycine. Glycine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS and also acts as a co-agonist along with glutamate, facilitating an excitatory potential at the glutaminergic N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors.
BACE1-IN-1 is a potent and highly brain penetrant BACE1 inhibitor with IC50s of 32 and 47 nM for human BACE1 and BACE2, respectively.
Firategrast is an orally bioavailable α4β1/α4β7 integrin antagonist.