GLP-1 receptor agonist 14 (compound 73) is a potent agonist of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). GLP-1 receptor agonist 14 plays an important role in diabetes or other metabolic disorders[1].
Quercetin 3-O-Glc-(1→2)-Rha-7-O-Rha is a flavonol glycoside with no significant inhibitory activity against albumin oleate-induced lipid accumulation.
CGCG/CGG ligand 1 (compound 10), an anthracenone derivative, is a CGCG or CGG short spacer-ligand. CGCG/CGG ligand 1 can protect cleavable sites of DNA with the multiple CGCG or continuous CGG sites from the restriction enzyme[1].
PF-3882845 is a remarkably high affinity selective and orally efficacious mineralocorticoid receptor (MR binding IC50=2.7 nM) antagonist for hypertension and nephropathy. PF-3882845 also binds to progesterone receptor (PR) with the binding IC50 of 310 nM[1].
5'-Guanylic acid-13C10,15N5 (5'-GMP-13C10,15N5 dilithium; 5'-guanosine monophosphate-13C10,15N5) dilithium is 13C and 15N-labeled 5'-Guanylic acid (HY-N5134). 5'-Guanylic acid (5'-GMP) is involved in several metabolic disorders, including the AICA-ribosiduria pathway, adenosine deaminase deficiency, adenine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency (aprt), and the 2-hydroxyglutric aciduria pathway.
Gulgafafusp alfa is a human IgG2κ antibody targeting the glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor GLP1R[1].
Docosanoic acid-d4-1 is the deuterium labeled Docosanoic acid. Docosanoic acid is poorly absorbed, and a cholesterol-raising saturated fatty acid in humans.
Tetrapeptide, an analogue of α-MSH, induces melanin synthesis. Tetrapeptide diminishes DNA damage by reducing the production of reactive oxidative species and enhancing repair of DNA photoproducts[1].
Ruboxistaurin (LY333531) mesylate is an orally active, selective and ATP competitive PKCβ inhibitor with IC50 values of 4.7 and 5.9 nM for PKCβI and PKCβII, respectively. Ruboxistaurin mesylate can be used for the research of eye disorders, heart failure and diabetes[1][2][3][4].
ATP ditromethamine (Adenosine 5'-triphosphate ditromethamine) is a central component of energy storage and metabolism in vivo. ATP ditromethamine provides the metabolic energy to drive metabolic pumps and serves as a coenzyme in cells. ATP ditromethamine is an important endogenous signaling molecule in immunity and inflammation[1][2].
Stachyose hydrate act as a prebiotic to enhance the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria. Stachyose hydrate exhibit a hypoglycemic effect, and improve inflammation through modulating gut microbiota[1].
L-Phenylalanine is an antagonist at α2δ calcium channels with a Ki of 980 nM. IC50 Value: 980 nM [1]Target: Calcium ChannelL-Phenylalanine (LPA) is an electrically neutral amino acid, one of the twenty common amino acids used to biochemically form proteins. In the brain, L-phenylalanine is a competitive antagonist at the glycine binding site of NMDA receptor and at the glutamate binding site of AMPA receptor [2, 3]. At the glycine binding site of NMDA receptor L-phenylalanine has an apparent equilibrium dissociation constant (KB) of 573 ?M estimated by Schild regression [4] which is considerably lower than brain L-phenylalanine concentration observed in untreated human phenylketonuria [5]. L-Phenylalanine also inhibits neurotransmitter release at glutamatergic synapses in hippocampus and cortex with IC50 of 980 nM, a brain concentration seen in classical phenylketonuria, whereas D-phenylalanine has a significantly smaller effect [3].
Fructose 2,6-biphosphate sodium salt is a potent stimulator of 6-Phosphofructo-1-kinase (PFK-1) and also inhibits Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphatase[1].
Glycodeoxycholate Sodium is a bile salt.
CYP4A11/CYP4F2-IN-1 is a potent dual inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A11 and CYP4F2, with IC50s of 19 nM and 17 nM, respectively. CYP4A11/CYP4F2-IN-1 has potential for the research of renal diseases[1].
FK614 is an orally active, potent, selective PPARγ modulator (SPPARM). FK614 has different effects on the activation of PPARγ at each stage of adipocyte differentiation. FK614 is a nonthiazolidinedione insulin sensitizer. FK614 can be used for the research of hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, glucose intolerance and type 2 diabetes[1][2][3].
OAT1/3-IN-1 (compound 7) is a dual inhibitor of OAT1 and OAT3. OAT1/3-IN-1 can reverse the toxicity of Cys-Hg on HEK-OAT1 cells (10 μM) and has a potential protective effect on the kidneys. OAT1/3-IN-1 can be used to study mercury-induced kidney damage[1].
Crotedumab (REGN1193) is a fully human IgG4 monoclonal antibody that binds and inhibits glucagon receptor (GCGR), with a KD of 0.1 nM. Crotedumab can be used for the research of diabetes[1][2].
Glutathione reductase (EC 1.6.4.2) is a reductase responsible for maintaining the supply of reduced glutathione[1].
Docosapentaenoic acid (22n-3) is a component of phospholipids found in all animal cell membranes.
Methoxyacetic acid is an endogenous metabolite.
LDL-IN-3 is an anti-atherosclerotic compound extracted from patent WO/2005/039596A1, example C25 and patent US 6133467, example 3.
2-Furoic acid-d3 is the deuterium labeled 2-Furoic acid[1]. 2-Furoic acid (Furan-2-carboxylic acid) is an organic compound produced through furfural oxidation[2]. 2-Furoic acid exhibits hypolipidemic effet, lowers both serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels in rats[3].
Miglitol-d4 (BAY1099-d4) hydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Miglitol. Miglitol is an oral anti-diabetic drug that acts by inhibiting the ability of the patient to breakdown complex carbohydrates into glucose[1][2].
Calcium glycerophosphate is an inhibitor of intestinal alkaline phosphatase F3. Calcium glycerophosphate is a source of calcium and phosphorus in total parenteral nutrition solutions[1][2].
Dodoviscin I is an adipogenesis agent that increases triglyceride content in 3T3L1 mouse fibroblasts[1].
Teneligliptin hydrobromide hydrate is a potent chemotype prolylthiazolidine-based DPP-4 inhibitor, which competitively inhibits human plasma, rat plasma, and human recombinant DPP-4 in vitro, with IC50s of approximately 1 nM[1].
Heparastatin is a heparanase inhibitor.
Epitizide, a benzothiadiazine, commonly found in combination Triamterene, is used to produce diuresis[1].
2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol is an endogenous metabolite.