(s)-PF-4136309 is the inactive isomer of PF-4136309 (HY-13245), and can be used as an experimental control. PF-4136309 is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable CCR2 antagonist, with IC50s of 5.2 nM, 17 nM and 13 nM for human, mouse and rat CCR2.
Penta-N-acetylchitopentaose elicits plant defense systems. Penta-N-acetylchitopentaose is a substrate for the Rhizobium leguminosarum nodulation protein NodL[1].
Vanillic acid is a flavoring agent found in edible plants and fruits. Vanillic acid inhibits NF-κB activation. Anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and chemopreventive effects[1].
Peptide B, bovine is an immunoregulatory peptide in bovine milk. Peptide B, bovine comes from αs1-casein B-8P (f1-13), is the major peptide produced during the ripening process with antihypertensive effects[1][2].
Rovadicitinib hydrochloride is a JAK inhibitor with an IC50 value <20 nM. Rovadicitinib hydrochloride also exhibits anti-inflammatory activity[1][2].
KIN1148, a small-molecule IRF3 agonist, is a novel influenza vaccine adjuvant found to enhance flu vaccine efficacy.
Benorylate (Benoral) is the esterification product of paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid. It has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Benorylate could also inhibit prostaglandin (PG) synthesis.
BIZ 114 (Example 11) is a fatty acid derivative and potent inhibits the TNF-α activated NF-κΒ pathway. BIZ 114 has the potential to prevent and / or treat ophthalmic disorders such as retinal degenerative disorders and ocular inflammatory diseases[1].
Zunsemetinib (CDD-450) is an orally active and selective p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) pathway inhibitor. Zunsemetinib can be used for the research of immuno-inflammatory diseases[1].
BML-111, a lipoxin A4 analog, is a lipoxin A4 receptor agonist. BML-111 represses the activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and increases the activity of angiotensinconverting enzyme 2 (ACE2). BML-111 has antiangiogenic, antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties[1][2].
Aurothiomalate sodium is a potent and selective oncogenic PKCι signaling inhibitor. Aurothiomalate sodium inhibits tumor cell proliferation and not cell apoptosis. Aurothiomalate sodium is a potent thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) inhibitor. Aurothiomalate sodium, an anti-rheumatoid agent, exhibits potent anti-tumor activity[1][2][3].
(R)-Posenacaftor (R)-PTI-801) sodium is the R enantiomer of Posenacaftor. Posenacaftor is a cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein modulator that corrects the folding and trafficking of CFTR protein. Posenacaftor is used for the research of cystic fibrosis (CF)[1].
4-Methylumbelliferyl palmitate is an excellent fluorophore for measuring acid lipase in human leukocytes. Acidity and solvent have important influence on its fluorescence. 4-Methylumbelliferyl palmitate exists mainly as neutral molecular form which can be produced strong fluorescence at 445 nm in near neutral aqueous solutions, and exist mainly as anion form which can be produced stronger fluorescence at 445 nm in weak alkaline solutions[1][2].
TPCK (L-1-Tosylamido-2-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone; L-TPCK) is a potent serine protease inhibitor that reacts with the retinoblastoma protein (RB)-binding core of HPV-18 E7 protein and abolish its RB-binding capability. TPCK is able to modify E7 protein in live keratinocytes following its addition to the culture medium[1].
cis-Urocanic acid is a 5-HT2A receptor agonist. cis-Urocanic acid binds to 5-HT receptor with relatively high affinity (Kd=4.6 nM). cis-Urocanic acid is an immune modulator that induces immunosuppression by binding to the 5-HT2A receptor[1].
Ibuprofen impurity 1 is an Ibuprofen impurity. Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory inhibitor targeting COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50s of 13 μM and 370 μM, respectively[1].
DSS30 is a P25/CDK5 inhibitor that reduces β-amyloid (Aβ) secretion by inhibiting amyloid precursor protein lyase 1 (BACEl) phosphorylation. DSS30 can be used in the study of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease[1].
6-(N-Phthalimidoylmethylthio)hexanoic acid (MFH) is a hapten with a carboxyl group at the end of its spacer arm, suitable for reacting with free amine groups of proteins. 6-(N-Phthalimidoylmethylthio)hexanoic acid can be combined with carrier proteins and used in antigen design[1].
LMP7-IN-1, a Boronic acid derivative, is a potent and selective immunoproteasome subunit LMP7 (β5i) inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.83 nM (WO2021143923A1; compound 20)[1].
Revefenacin (TD-4208; GSK1160724) is a potent mAChR antagonist; has a high affinity on M3 receptor with a Ki of 0.18 nM
Sulesomab (IMMU-MN3) is a murine monoclonal antibody fragment of the IgG1 class that binds to Normal Cross-Reactive Antigen-90 present on leukocytes. Sulesomab is cleared into infection nonspecifically through increased capillary membrane permeability[1].
CMI-392 is a dual 5-lipoxygenese inhibitor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonist with IC50s of 100 and 10 nM, respectively.
TXNIP-IN-1 is TXNIP-TRX (thioredoxin-interacting protein- thioredoxin) complex inhibitor extracted from patent US20200085800A1, Compound 1. TXNIP-IN-1 can be used in the research of TXNIP-TRX complex associated metabolic disorder (diabetes), cardiovascular disease, or inflammatory disease[1].
MAGLi 432 is a non-covalent, potent, highly selective, and reversible MAGL inhibitor. MAGLi 432 binds with high affinity to the MAGL active site, with IC50 values of 4.2 nM (human enzyme) and 3.1 nM (mouse enzyme). MAGLi 432 can be used in the research of chronic inflammation, blood–brain barrier dysfunction, neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease[1].
BLT-1, a thiosemicarbazone copper chelator, is a selectively scavenger receptor B, type 1 (SR-BI) inhibitor. BLT-1 inhibits the transfer of lipids between high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and cells mediated by SR-BI. BLT-1 has pro-inflammatory functions through neutrophil recruitment[1][2][3].
Setogepram (PBI-4050) acts as an orally active agonist for GPR40 and as an antagonist or inverse agonist for GPR84[1]. Setogepram (PBI-4050) decreases renal, liver and pancreatic fibrosis[1][2]. Setogepram (PBI-4050) exerts anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative actions[2].
GW842166X is a potent and selective cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist with IC50 values of 63 and 91 nM for human and rat CB2, respectively.
Pectolinarin, isolated from Cirsium chanroenicum, possesses anti-inflammatory activity[1]. Pectolinarin inhibits secretion of IL-6 and IL-8, as well as the production of PGE2 and NO. Pectolinarin suppresses cell proliferation and inflammatory response and induces apoptosis via inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway[2].
5-Nitrobarbituric acid is a herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) inhibitor (IC50=1.7 μM)[1].
Benzotript (Benzotriptum) is a cholecystokinin-receptor (CCK) and gastrin receptor antagonist. Benzotript shows antiproliferative effects in human colon carcinoma cell lines[1].