hCAIX-IN-8 (compound 7i) is a potent and selective hCAIX inhibitor with IC50s of 1.99, 0.024, 1.10 µM for CAII, CAIX, CAVA respectively. hCAIX-IN-8 shows anti-proliferation activity with low toxicity. hCAIX-IN-8 decreases the epithelial to mesenchymal transitions and induces apoptosis. hCAIX-IN-8 inhibits cell migration and colonization potential[1].
These compounds show selective inhibition on tumor related subtypes HCA IX and XII, and are also considered as the leading molecules for the development of future cancer therapeutic drugs based on new mechanisms of action.
AChE/hCA I/II-IN-1 (Compound 6) is a potent inhibitor of AChE/Hca with IC50 values of 22.21, 60.79 and 66.64 nM for AChE, Hca Ⅰ and Hca Ⅱ. AChE/hCA I/II-IN-1 can be used for the rsearch for glaucoma, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes[1].
DPP IV/hCA II-IN-1 is a potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV) and carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.049 μM for DPP IV and with Ki values of 0.0361, 0.0428, 0.0941, 0.1328, 0.2615, and 3.034 μM for CA II, CA VB, CA VA, CA IX, CA I, and CA IV, respectively[1].
CDK2-IN-11 (compound 9d) is a potent CDK2 inhibitor with an IC50 of 6.4 μM, and KI values of 23.4 nM, 56.3 nM and 44.3 nM for hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively. CDK2-IN-11 can be used for researching anticancer[1].
hCAIX-IN-12 is a potent hCAIX inhibitor with IC50 values of 0.74, 10.78 µM for CAIX and CAII, respectively. hCAIX-IN-12 shows antiproliferative effect and induces apoptosis. hCAIX-IN-12 increases ROS production. hCAIX-IN-12 has the potential for the research of colorectal cancer (CRC) [1].
Benzolamide (CL11366) is a potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor, with Kis of 15 nM, 9 nM, 94 nM and 78 nM for hCA I, hCA II, EcoCAγ and VchCAγ, respectively. Benzolamide also inhibits CAS3, with a Ki of 54 nM. Benzolamide can be used for the research of glaucoma and seizures[1][2][3].
Topiramate D12 (McN 4853 D12) is a deuterium labeled Topiramate. Topiramate is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic agent. Topiramate is a GluR5 receptor antagonist. Topiramate produces its antiepileptic effects through enhancement of GABAergic activity, inhibition of kainate/AMPA receptors, inhibition of voltage-sensitive sodium and calcium channels, increases in potassium conductance, and inhibition of carbonic anhydrase[1][2][3].
hCAII-IN-8, an amide, is a highly selective carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 0.18 μM against hCA II[1].
Sulthiame-d4 is the deuterium labeled Sultiame. Sultiame is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor, widely used as an antiepileptic agent[1][2].
hCAII-IN-2 (Compound 11f) is a cytosolic human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitor with Ki values of 261.4, 3.8, 19.6 and 45.2 nM against hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX and hCA XII, respectively[1].
L-693612 hydrochloride (Compd 1) is an orally active and topical carbonic anhydrase inhibitor[1].
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor 6 (compound 9b) is a potent inhibitor of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA), with Kis of 9.7 nM, 35.2 nM, 88.5 nM, and 91.8 nM for hCA IX, hCA II, hCA XII and hCA I, respectively[1].
Clofenamide (Aquedux) is a carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Clofenamide exhibits diuretic activity[1].
hCAIX-IN-7 (compound 6c) is a potent and selective hCAIX inhibitor with KIs of >10000, >10000, 43.0, 410.6 nM for hCAI, hCAII, hCAIV, hCAIX, respectively[1].
hCAI/II-IN-6 is a human carbonic anhydrase(CA) inhibitor. hCAI/II-IN-6 selectively inhibits hCA II and hCA VII isoforms with Ki values of 220, 4.9, 6.5 and ＞50000 nM for hCA I, hCA II , hCA VII and hCA XII respectively. hCAI/II-IN-6 shows anticonvulsant activity and anti maximal electroshock (MES) activity in vivo. hCAI/II-IN-6 can be used for the research of epilepsy[1].
hCAIX-IN-5 (compound 6b) is a potent and selective hCAIX inhibitor with KIs of >10000, >10000, 130.7, 829.1 nM for hCAI, hCAII, hCAIV, hCAIX, respectively[1].
HCAIX-IN-1 (compound 21e) is a potent and selective HCAIX inhibitor with KIs of 694.9, 126.6, 3.3, 9.8 nM for hCA I, hCA II, hCA IX, hCA XII, respectively[1].
CAIX Inhibitor S4 is a potent and selective inhibitor of carbonic anhydrase IX/XII (CA IX/XII), with a Ki of 7 nM and 2 nM, respectively. CAIX Inhibitor S4 also inhibits CA II and CA I (Ki=546 and 5600 nM, respectively). CAIX Inhibitor S4 can inhibit the number of lung metastasis in orthotopic MDA-MB-231 mouse model without affecting primary tumor growth[1].
hCAI/II-IN-3 (compound 5b) is a potent dual hCA I/II inhibitor with Ki values of 51.25, 13.15 and 42.18 nM for hCA I, hCA II and hCA Ⅸ. hCAI/II-IN-3 possesses anti-hypoxic activity against acute mountain sickness (AMS) and low cellular activity[1].
Tioxolone, a metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase I inhibitor, is an anti-acne preparation.Target: Carbonic Anhydrase Tioxolone is a metalloenzyme carbonic anhydrase I inhibitor with a Ki of 91 nM. Tioxolone lacks sulfonamide, sulfamate, or hydroxamate functional groups that are typically found in therapeutic carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors, such as acetazolamide. Tioxolone is proposed to be a prodrug inhibitor that is cleaved via a CA II zinc-hydroxide mechanism known to catalyze the hydrolysis of esters. When tioxolone binds in the active site of CA II, it is cleaved and forms 4-mercaptobenzene-1,3-diol via the intermediate S-(2,4-thiophenyl) hydrogen thiocarbonate. The esterase cleavage product binds to the zinc active site via the thiol group and is therefore the active CA inhibitor, while the intermediate is located at the rim of the active-site cavity. From Wikipedia.
Phenylsulfamide (Compound 10) is a human carbonic anhydrase-II (hCA-II) inhibitor with a Kd of 45.50 μM and a Ki of 79.60 μM[1].
Brinzolamide(AL 4862) is a potent carbonic anhydrase II inhibitor with IC50 of 3.19 nM.Target: carbonic anhydrase IIBrinzolamide (< 1 mg) ophthalmic suspension lowers intraocular pressure in Dutch-belted pigmented rabbits in a dose-dependent manner with an onset within 0.5 hour and a peak response by 1-2 hours. Brinzolamide (0.6 mg) ophthalmic suspension lowers intraocular pressure in laser-treated glaucomatous cynomolgus monkeys in a dose-dependent manner with an onset within 1 hour and a peak response by 3 hours. Brinzolamide dosages of 30 mg/kg, produces a 44% reduction in intestinal charcoal meal progression, but 1 and 10 mg/kg produced 8% and 18% decreases, respectively, in male CD-1 mice. Brinzolamide of 1 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 30 mg/kg prolongs barbiturate sleep time by 57%, 15%, and 35%, respectively, in male CD-1 mice [1]. Brinzolamide (< 3%) produces significantly greater mean percent intraocular pressure reductions and mean intraocular pressure reductions compared with placebo in patients with primary, open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The optimal intraocular pressure-lowering concentration of brinzolamide is 1%, brinzolamide 1% is well tolerated by patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension when administered twice daily [2].