FAAH-IN-5 (Compound 7) is a relative selective, irreversible fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor with an IC50 of 10.5 nM. FAAH-IN-5 shows low PAMPA (Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay) permeability[1].
PTPN2/1-IN-2 is a PTPN2/1 antagonist that can be used in various tumor research[1].
PF-05180999 is a phosphodiesterase 2A (PDE2A) inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1.6 nM.
BCI-215 (BCI215) is a potent, tumor cell-selective dual specificity MAPK phosphatase (DUSP-MKP) inhibitor; restores defective MAPK activity caused by overexpression of DUSP1 and DUSP6 in mammalian cells; inhibits cell motility, causes apoptosis but not primary necrosis, and sensitizes cells to lymphokine-activated killer cell activity in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells; induces rapid and sustained phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK, also hyperactivates MKK4/SEK1; causes selective cancer cell cytotoxicity in part through non-redox-mediated activation of MAPK signaling.
AQX-435 is a potent SHIP1 activator. AQX-435 reduces PI3K activation downstream of the B-cell receptor (BCR) and induces apoptosis of malignant B cells, and reduces lymphoma growth[1].
Coformycin, a nucleoside antibiotic, is a potent inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (ADA) from Streptomyces species. Coformycin possesses anti-tumor and anti-bacterial activity[1][2].
ENOblock(AP-III-a4) is a novel small molecule which is the first, nonsubstrate analogue that directly binds to enolase and inhibits its activity (IC50=0.576 uM); inhibit cancer cell metastasis in vivo.IC50 value: 0.576 uM [1]Target: enolaseEnolase is a component of the glycolysis pathway and a “moonlighting” protein, with important roles in diverse cellular processes that are not related to its function in glycolysis. However, small molecule tools to probe enolase function have been restricted to crystallography or enzymology. In this study, we report the discovery of the small molecule “ENOblock”, which is the first, nonsubstrate analogue that directly binds to enolase and inhibits its activity. ENOblock was isolated by small molecule screening in a cancer cell assay to detect cytotoxic agents that function in hypoxic conditions, which has previously been shown to induce drug resistance. Further analysis revealed that ENOblock can inhibit cancer cell metastasis in vivo. Moreover, an unexpected role for enolase in glucose homeostasis was revealed by in vivo analysis. Thus, ENOblock is the first reported enolase inhibitor that is suitable for biological assays. This new chemical tool may also be suitable for further study as a cancer and diabetes drug candidate.A Unique Small Molecule Inhibitor of Enolase Clarifies Its Role in Fundamental Biological ProcessesBy Jung, Da-Woon; Kim, Woong-Hee; Park, Si-Hwan; Lee, Jinho; Kim, Jinmi; Su, Dongdong; Ha, Hyung-Ho; Chang, Young-Tae; Williams, Darren R. From ACS Chemical Biology (2013), 8(6), 1271-1282.
Argatroban is a direct, selective thrombin inhibitor.Target: ThrombinArgatroban may have a complementary effect for preventing thrombus formation without aggravating bleeding tendency because of its monotarget specificity to thrombin. Administration (0.5 to 2 micrograms/kg/min) of argatroban is a safe anticoagulant for left heart bypass in repairs of traumatic aortic rupture associated with multiple organ injuries [1]. Argatroban, as compared with heparin, appears to enhance reperfusion with TPA in patients with AMI, particularly in those patients with delayed presentation. The incidences of major bleeding and adverse clinical outcome were lower in the patients receiving argatroban [2].
Odanacatib (MK-0822) is a potent and selective inhibitor of cathepsin K, with an IC50 of 0.2 nM for human cathepsin K.
TMP778 is a potent and selevtive RORγt inverse agonist, with an IC50 of 7 nM in FRET assay.
Imidapril (TA-6366 free base) is an orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and MMP-9 inhibitor. Imidapril suppresses the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II and thereby reduces total peripheral resistance and systemic blood pressure. Imidapril can be used for hypertension, type 1 diabetic, nephropathy and chronic heart failure research[1][2].
GSK 650394 is a novel SGK inhibitor with IC50 of 62 nM and 103 nM for SGK1 and SGK2 in the SPA assay respectively.
VCE-004.8, a semi-synthetic multitarget cannabinoquinoid, is a specific PPARγ and CB2 receptor dual agonist with potent anti-inflammatory activity[1]. VCE-004.8 inhibits prolyl-hydroxylases (PHDs) and activates the HIF pathway. VCE-004.8 attenuates adipogenesis and prevents diet-induced obesity[2].
KPT-9274 is an orally bioavailable, dual PAK4/Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt) inhibitor, with IC50s less than 100 and 120 nM, respectively.
Ellagic acid 4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside is a natural ellagitannin with antimicrobial activity. Ellagic acid 4-O-β-D-xylopyranoside is an Xanthine Oxidase inhibitor with an 50 of 2.1 μg/mL[1].
MMP13-IN-4 (compound 13) is a potent and selective inhibitor of MMP-13 (IC50=14.6 μM)，involved in osteoarthritis (OA)[1].
Mirodenafil-d7 (SK-3530-d7) dihydrochloride is the deuterium labeled Mirodenafil dihydrochloride. Mirodenafil dihydrochloride (SK3530 dihydrochloride) is a phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor developed for the treatment of erectile dysfunction[1][2].
Glucocorticoid receptor-IN-1 (Compound WX002) is a selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) modulator with anti-inflammatory effect. Glucocorticoid receptor-IN-1 exhibits very good transcriptional repressive activity with an IC50 of 2.11 nM against hMMP1, and transcriptional activation activity with an EC50 of 5.59 nM against MMTV[1].
Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-AMC hydrochloride is a fluorogenic substrate for trypsin. Boc-Gln-Ala-Arg-AMC hydrochloride can also be used for measuring the proteolytic activity of TMPRSS2[1][2].
Aloe-emodin-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, a compound isolated from Saussrurea lappa, is a moderate inhibitor of human protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (hPTP1B) with an IC50 of 26.6 μM[1].
Atecegatran metoxil is a oral anticoagulant, which inhibits thrombin factor II and is used in thromboembolic disorders. In vivo, Atecegatran metoxil is converted to AR-H067637, a selective and reversible direct thrombin inhibitor.
PF-8380 is a potent autotaxin inhibitor with an IC50 of 2.8 nM in isolated enzyme assay and 101 nM in human whole blood.
Paeoniflorin is a herbal constituent extracted from the root of Paeonia albiflora Pall.Target: OthersPaeoniflorin (PF) is the principal bioactive component of Radix Paeo- niae alba, which is widely used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease(PD) [1]. Paeoniflorin, a compound found in white peony that inhibited the production of testosterone and promoted the activity of aromatase, which converts testosterone into estrogen [2]. Treatment of cells with paeoniflorin but not glycyrrhizin resulted in enhanced phosphorylation and acquisition of the deoxyribonucleic acid-binding ability of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1), as well as the formation of characteristic HSF1 granules in the nucleus, suggesting that the induction of HSPs by paeoniflorin is mediated by the activation of HSF1. Also, thermotolerance was induced by treatment with paeoniflorin but not glycyrrhizin. Paeoniflorin had no toxic effect at concentrations as high as 80 microg/ mL (166.4 microM). To our knowledge, this is the first report on the induction of HSPs by herbal medicines [3].
Retagliptin Phosphate is pharmaceutical composition of DPP-4 inhibitor for treating type-2 diabetes.
Nampt-IN-7 (compound GF8) is a potent NAMPT inhibitor, with an IC50 of 7.31 μM. Nampt-IN-7 also displays cytotoxic activity against human HepG2 hepatocellular carcinoma cell line with an IC50 of 24.28 μM[1].
Choline Fenofibrate (ABT-335) is the choline salt of fenofibric acid under clinical development as a combination therapy with rosuvastatin for the management of dyslipidemia. IC50 value:Target:Several clinical trials have been developed with Choline Fenofibrate on Reverse Cholesterol Transport, Macular Edema and Hypertriglyceridemia.
2,3-Dihydroisoginkgetin, a biflavonoid, is a inhibitor of Tyrosinase, with 36.84% inhibition at 0.1 mM. 2,3-Dihydroisoginkgetin shows less toxicity in HEMn (human epidermal melanocytes) cells, with an IC50 of 86.16 μM[1].
Proteasome inhibitor IX (PS-IX; AM114) is a Chalcone derivative and a chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome inhibitor with an IC50 value of ~1 μM. Proteasome inhibitor IX exhibits HCT116 p53+/+ cells growth inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 1.49 μM. Proteasome inhibitor IX has potent anticancer activity[1][2].
RHC 80267 (U-57908) is a potent and selective inhibitor of diacylglycerol lipase (DAGL) (with IC50 of 4 μM in canine platelets). RHC-80267 inhibits cholinesterase activity with an IC50 of 4 μM, thereby enhancing the relaxation evoked by acetylcholine. RHC 80267 also inhibits COX and the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine (PC)[1][2][3][4].
Melagatran is a direct and oral active inhibitor of thrombin, without interacting with any other enzymes in the coagulation cascade or fibrinolytic enzymes aside from thrombin. Melagatran does not require endogenous co-factors for its antithrombin effect and may help to alleviate some of the damaging effects of endotoxemia[1]. Melagatran has the potential to provide a rational approach in the prevention of arterial occlusion[2].