Acrivastine D7 (BW825C D7) is a deuterium labeled Acrivastine. Acrivastine is a short acting histamine 1 receptor antagonist.
(R)-VU 6008667, an active enantiomer of VU6008667, is a orally active acetylcholine receptor subtype 5 (M5 NAM) inhibitor with IC50 values of 1.2 μM (human) and 1.6 μM (rat), respectively. (R)-VU6008667 is selective for M5 over M1-4, high CNS penetration[1].
ML604086 is a selective CCR8 inhibitor, inhibiting CCL1 binding to CCR8 on circulating T-cells. ML604086 inhibits CCL1 mediated chemotaxis and increases in intracellular Ca2+ concentrations[1][2].
Cassiaside B2 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and human monoamine oxidase A (hMAO-A) inhibitor. Cassiaside B2 possesses antiallergic and is a 5-HT2C receptor agonist[1][2].[3]..
Azilsartan(TAK-536) is a specific and potent angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist with IC50 of 2.6 nM.IC50 Value: 2.6 nM [1]Target: AT1 receptorin vitro: Azilsartan inhibited the specific binding of 125I-Sar1-Ile8-AII to human angiotensin type 1 receptors with an IC50 of 2.6 nM. The inhibitory effect of AZL persisted after washout of the free compound (IC(50) value of 7.4 nM). AZL also inhibited the accumulation of AII-induced inositol 1-phosphate (IP1) in the cell-based assay with an IC50 value of 9.2 nmol; this effect was resistant to washout (IC50 value of 81.3 nM). Olmesartan and valsartan inhibited IP1 accumulation with IC50 values of 12.2 and 59.8 nM, respectively [1]. Azilsartan is not readily biodegradable. Results of the water sediment study demonstrated significant shifting of azilsartan metabolites to sediment. Based on the equilibrium partitioning method, metabolites are unlikely to pose a risk to sediment-dwelling organisms [2].in vivo: In 4 randomized controlled trials (3 published to date), azilsartan medoxomil/chlorthalidone 40 mg/12.5 mg and 40 mg/25 mg reduced blood pressure (BP) significantly more than comparators did, including an approximately 5-mm Hg greater BP reduction than olmesartan medoxomil/hydrochlorothiazide 40 mg/25 mg and azilsartanmedoxomil/hydrochlorothiazide [3]. Both TAK-536 and candesartan suppressed the increase in plasma glucose level in the OGTT without significant change in insulin concentration and improved insulin sensitivity. In adipose tissue, TAK-536 and candesartan reduced TNF-alpha expression but increased the expression of adiponectin, PPARgamma, C/EBalpha, and aP2 [4].Clinical trial: New Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker Azilsartan Study for Stronger Blood Pressure Lowering . Phase4
[D-Pro4,D-Trp7,9,Nle11] Substance P (4-11) is a potent neurokinin NK1 antagonist. [D-Pro4,D-Trp7,9,Nle11] Substance P (4-11) inhibits the effects of gold-protein-substance P (GPSP) and substance P (SP)[1].
CPPG ((RS)-CPPG) is a potent group II/III mGlu receptor antagonist. CPPG exhibits some selectivity (approximately 20 fold) for group III (IC50=2.2 nM) over group II (IC50=46.2 nM) mGlu receptors in the rat cerebral cortex. CPPG has weak effects at group I mGlu receptors[1].
Theobromine is a methylxanthine found in cacao beans which can inhibit adenosine receptor A1 (AR1) signaling.
GPR183 antagonist SAE-14 is a potent, selective GPR183 antagonist with IC50 of 28.5 nM, inhibits GPR183-dependent 7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol-induced calcium signaling in HL-60 cells.GPR183 antagonist SAE-14 inhibits calcium mobilization induced by 7α,25-OHC (EC80 209 nM).GPR183 antagonist SAE-14 reversed CCI-induced mechanical allodynia in a time-dependent manner when administered in vivo to mice.7α,25-dihydroxycholesterol induced allodynia in mice, SAE-14 blocked the effects of 7α,25-OHC in a dose-dependent manner.
Fremanezumab (TEV-48125) is a humanized IgG2a monoclonal antibody that selectively and potently binds to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). CGRP is a 37-amino acid neuropeptide involved in central and peripheral pathophysiological events of migraine. Fremanezumab has the potential for chronic migraine research[1].
GBR 12783 dihydrochloride is a specific, potent and selective dopamine uptake inhibitor that inhibits the [3H]dopamine uptake by rat and mice striatal synaptosomes with IC50s of 1.8 nM and 1.2 nM, respectively. GBR 12783 dihydrochloride can improve memory performance and increase hippocampal acetylcholine release in rats[1][2].
Tolterodine Tartrate(PNU-200583E; Kabi-2234) is a potent muscarinic receptor antagonists that show selectivity for the urinary bladder over salivary glands in vivo. IC50 Value:Target: mAChRin vitro: Carbachol-induced contractions of isolated guinea pig bladder were effectively inhibited by tolterodine (IC50 14 nM) and 5-HM (IC50 5.7 nM). The IC50 values were in the microM range and the antimuscarinic potency of tolterodine was 27, 200 and 370-485 times higher, respectively, than its potency in blocking histamine receptors, alpha-adrenoceptors and calcium channels. The active metabolite, 5-HM, was >900 times less potent at these sites than at bladder muscarinic receptors [1].in vivo: Tolterodine was extensively metabolized in vivo [2]. In the passive-avoidance test, tolterodine at 1 or 3 mg/kg had no effect on memory; the latency to cross and percentage of animals crossing were comparable to controls. In contrast, scopolamine induced a memory deficit; the latency to cross was decreased, and the number of animals crossing was increased [3].
CD73-IN-1 is an inhibitor of CD73 which can be used in the treatment of cancer extracted from patent WO 2017153952 A1, example 80.
Zamifenacin fumarate (UK-76654 fumarate) is a potent gut-selective muscarinic M3 receptor antagonist. Zamifenacin significantly reduces colonic motility in irritable bowel syndrome[1].
L-803087 is a potent and selective somatostatin sst4 receptor agonist with a Ki of 0.7 nM, which is > 280-fold higher than other somatostatin receptors. L-803087 facilitates AMPA-mediated hippocampal synaptic responses in vitro and increases kainate-induced seizures in mice[1][2].
Bay 59-3074 is a novel, selective CB1/CB2 receptor partial agonist with Ki values of 48.3 and 45.5 nM at human CB1 and CB2 receptors respectively . Orally active CB1 agonist in vivo. target: CB1/CB2 receptor partial agonist.Ki: 48.3 and 45.5 nM (CB1 and CB2 receptors)In vitro: analgesic, antihyperalgesic, and antiallodynic properties in rat models of acute and chronic pain. The reference concentration is 10 μM. [1]In vivo: administration of BAY 59-3074 (ED50 value: 0.41 mg/kg).Orally active CB1 agonist in vivo. [2] BAY 59-3074 (0.3-3 mg/kg, p.o.) induce antihyperalgesic and antiallodynic effects against thermal or mechanical stimuli in rat models of chronic neuropathic. Antiallodynic efficacy of BAY 59-3074 (1 mg/kg, p.o.) in the spared nerve injury model was maintained after 2 weeks of daily administration. However, tolerance developed rapidly (within 5 days) for cannabinoid-related side effect. [1] BAY 59-3074 have analgesic, antihyperalgesic, and antiallodynic properties in rat models of acute and chronic pain.[1]
Scyliorhinin II is a selective neurokinin-3 receptor agonist, with a Ki of 2.5 nM for neurokinin-3 receptor in rat cerebral cortex.
(+)-Cloprostenol is a prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) analogue, and shows selective agonistic activity at the prostaglandin receptor.
GLP-1R agonist 4 is a potent agonist of GLP-1R. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal hypoglycemic hormone secreted by L-cells in the lower gastrointestinal tract. GLP-1R agonist 4 has the potential for the research of diabetes (extracted from patent WO2019239319A1, compound 96)[1].
Invopressin (Compound 42) is a vasopressin V1A receptor partial agonist (EC50: 1.0 nM). Invopressin can be used for research of cirrhosis, including bacterial peritonitis, HRS2 and refractory ascites[1].
Akuammidine, isolated from the seeds of Picralima nitida, shows a preference for μ-opioid binding sites with Ki values of 0.6, 2.4 and 8.6 μM at μ-, σ- and κ-opioid binding sites, respectively. Akuammidine possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic properties[1][2].
Anagyrine ((-)-Anagyrine) hydrochloride is a quinolizidine alkaloid that has been found in Lupinus albus. Anagyrine hydrochloride binds to muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors with IC50 values of 132 and 2096 µM respectively. Anagyrine hydrochloride is a potent and effective desensitizer of nAChR, and Anagyrine hydrochloride can directly, without metabolism, desensitize nAChR[1][2][3].
AC-42 is a poent M1 muscarinic selective allosteric agonist with EC50s of 805 nM and 220 nM for human wild-type and Y381A mutated M1 receptors, respectively[1].
PF-6870961 is an inverse agonist of GHSR1a with Ki values of 73.6 nM (human GHSR), 239 nM (rat GHSR), and 217 nM (dog GHSR), respectively. PF-6870961 inhibits the constitutive GHSR1a-induced IP accumulation with an IC50 value of 300 nM. PF-6870961 also inhibits constitutive GHSR1a β-arrestin mobilization with an IC50 value of 1.10 nM[1].
[Asu1,6-Arg8]Vasopressin is an vasopressin agonist which potentiates cyclic AMP accumulation and ACTH release induced by corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in rat anterior pituitary cells in culture[1][2].
σ1 Receptor antagonist-1 is a highly potent and selective sigma 1 receptor antagonist (pKi=10.28). σ1 Receptor antagonist-1 inhibits cell growth, arrests cell cycle at G0/G1 phase and induces apoptosis of MCF-7/ADR cells[1].
Kinetensin is a neurotensin-like peptide isolated from pepsin-treated human plasma.
SSTR5 Antagonist 1 (compound 10) is a highly potent, oral active and selective somatostatin (receptor) subtype 5 (SSTR5) antagonist and has potential to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)[1].
Clozapine-d4 (HF 1854-d4) is the deuterium labeled Clozapine. Clozapine is an antipsychotic used for the research of schizophrenia. Clozapine has high affinity for a number of neuroreceptors[1][2][3][4][5].
Thromboxane B1 (TXB1) is one of thromboxane B (TXB) family members. Thromboxane is a member of the family of lipids known as eicosanoids. Thromboxane is named for its role in blood clot formation (thrombosis)[1].