Chlorotetracycline (7-Chlorotetracycline) is a specific and potent calcium ionophore antibiotic, inhibits binding of aminoacyl-tRNA to ribosomes.
Levofloxacin, a synthetic fluoroquinolone, is an antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.Target: AntibacterialLevofloxacin reduced bacterial load compared with placebo by 4.9-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.4-25.7; P=0.02) at day 7 but had no effect at any point on any marker of neutrophilic airway inflammation. In patients with a baseline bacterial load of more than 10(6) cfu/mL, levofloxacin treatment was associated with a 26.5% (95% confidence interval, 1.8%-51.3%; P=0.04) greater reduction in the percentage neutrophil count compared with placebo at day 7 [1]. Levofloxacin was found to significantly improve the clinical and microbiological parameters in CP individuals [2]. A 30-day course of levofloxacin does not significantly improve BK viral load reduction or allograft function when used in addition to overall reduction of immunosuppression [3].
Erythromycin estolate, erythromycin derivative[1], is a macrolide antibiotic used in the treatment of a wide variety of bacterial infections. Erythromycin estolate causes several cases of liver injury which mostly include cholestatic hepatitis. Erythromycin estolate toxicity is related to its inhibitory effect on bile acid transport[2].
Cefazolin sodium is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, useful for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections.
Fuscin, a fungal metabolite, CCR5 receptor antagonist with anti-HIV effects. Fuscin is a respiration and oxidative phosphorylation inhibitor, and also a mitochondrial SH-dependent transport-linked functions inhibitor[1][2][3].
Stearyl glycyrrhetinate, a major component in licorice extract, has a MIC against S. aureus strains of more than 256 mg/L. Stearyl glycyrrhetinate has antibacterial effects[1].
Pretomanid-d4 (PA-824-d4) is the deuterium labeled Pretomanid. Pretomanid (PA-824) is an antibiotic used for the research of multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis affecting the lungs. Pretomanid exhibits a sub-micromolar MIC against M. tuberculosis (MTB). The MIC values of PA-824 against a panel of MTB pan-sensitive and Rifampin mono-resistant clinical isolates range from 0.015 to 0.25 µg/mL[1][2].
BAY-Y 3118 is a new chlorofluoroquinolone with antimicrobial activity.
Nogalamycin is an anthracyclinone antibiotic. Nogalamycin is a potent antibiotic against Gram-positive bacteria, also has cytotoxicity against certain tumor cells. Nogalamycin is produced by Streptomyces nogalater var. Nogalater. Nogalamycin selectively inhibits RNA synthesis after binding to DNA template. Nogalamycin can be used for researching anticancer[1][2].
Benzalkonium chloride is a potent anti-microbial agent, used as a preservative in eye drops.
Albanol B is an arylbenzofuran derivative which can be isolated from mulberries. Albanol B exhibits anti-Alzheimer's disease, anti-bacterial and antioxidant activities. Albanol B inhibits cancer cells proliferation, down-regulates CDK1 expression. Albanol B also induces cell cycle arrest at G2/M and apoptosis. And Albanol B induces mitochondrial ROS production and increases the phosphorylation levels of AKT and ERK1/2[1].
Sparfloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, shows broad and potent antibacterial activity.Target: AntibacterialSparfloxacin shows broad and potent antibacterial activity. Its MICs for 90% of the strains tested are 0.1 to 0.78 μg/ml against gram-positive organisms, such as members of the genera Staphylococcus , Streptococcus and Enterococcus , and 0.0125 to 1.56 μg/ml against gram-negative organisms, such as members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the genera Pseudomona . Its MICs are 0.025 to 0.78 μg/ml against glucose nonfermenters, 0.2 to 0.78 μg/ml against anaerobes, 0.0125 to 0.05 μg/ml against Legionella. Sparfloxacin showed good oral efficacy against systemic infections with Staphylococcus aureus , Streptococcus pyogenes , Streptococcus pneumoniae , Escherichia coli , and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in mice [1]. Sparfloxacin targets DNA gyrase and inhibits DNA synthesis [2].
Sulfaphenazole is a specific inhibitor of CYP2C9 which blocks atherogenic and pro-inflammatory effects of linoleic acid (increase in oxidative stress and activation of AP-1) mediated by CYP2C9. Acts as an antibacterial and antimicrobial.
Abaecin is an antibacterial response peptide. Abaecin shows specific activity against an Apidaecin-resistant Xanthomonas strain[1].
Temporin C is an antimicrobial peptide against Legionella pneumophila[1].
Isodiospyrin, a natural dimeric naphthoquinone, is a human DNA topoisomerase I (Topoisomerase) inhibitor. Isodiospyrin can prevent both DNA relaxation and kinase activities of human topoisomerase I. Isodiospyrin shows anticancer, antibacterial and antifungal activities[1][2][3].
Dermaseptin, a peptide isolated from frog skin, exhibits potent antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
Antibacterial agent 65 is a potential antimicrobial and antioxidant agent.
Lefamulin (BC-3781) is an orally active antibiotic. Lefamulin inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the peptidyl transferase center of the 50S bacterial ribosome. Lefamulin has anti-inflammatory activity. Lefamulin can be used in the research of bacterial infections, such as bacterial pneumonia[1].
BTZ043 Racemate is the racemate of BTZ043, BTZ043 is an inhibitor of decaprenyl-phosphoribose-epimerase (DprE1), and the antimicrobial activity of BTZ043 is more potent than BTZ043 Racemate.
Antibacterial agent 94 (compound 5b) is a potent antibacterial agent. Antibacterial agent 94 show antibacterial activities and show the capability of eradicating MRSA persisters. Antibacterial agent 94 has an effect on bacterial membrane. Antibacterial agent 94 interferes in phosphatidylglycerol (PG) synthesis pathway[1].
N-Acetyl-Calicheamicin is a potent enediyne antitumor antibiotic. Target: AntibacterialN-Acetyl-Calicheamicin is a a derivative of Calicheamicin. Calicheamicin is a naturally occurring hydrophobic enediyne antibiotic that was isolated from the actinomycete Micromonospora echinospora calichensis. Calicheamicin can interfere with biological processes not simply by cleaving free DNA but also by displacing a DNA-binding protein through competition or modulation of DNA structure.
Resorufin pentyl ether (Pentoxyresorufin; 7-Pentoxyphenoxazone) is a Resazurin (HY-111391) analogue. Resorufin pentyl ether acts as a substrate to distinguish between different induced cytochromes P-450. Resorufin pentyl ether maintains bactericidal activity against N. gonorrhoeae in vitro[1][2].
PNU-101603 is a metabolite of Sutezolid (HY-10392). PNU-101603 has excellent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)[1].
Zidebactam (WCK-5107) is a potent β-lactamase inhibitor[1]. Zidebactam also is a penicillin-binding protein2 (PBP2) inhibitor with an IC50 of 0.26 μg/mL[2].
ACX-362E is an orally available DNA polymerase IIIC (pol IIIC) inhibitor, acts as an antimicrobial agent to treat Gram-positive infections, with a MIC50 of 2 μg/mL for C. difficile. ACX-362E displays very potent in vitro and in vivo activities against broad spectrum of C. difficile pathogens[1].
Nisin Z is an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory peptide. Nisin Z is effective against Gram-positive bacteria and fungi, such as C. albicans[1][4].
Chloroxine is a synthetic antibacterial compound that is effective in the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis when incorporated in a shampoo.Target: AntibacterialChloroxine is an antibacterial drug. Oral formulations are used in infectious diarrhea, disorders of the intestinal microflora (e.g. after antibiotic treatment), giardiasis, inflammatory bowel disease. It is also useful for dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis, as used in shampoos and dermal creams like. Chloroxine has bacteriostatic, fungistatic and antiprotozoal properties. It is effective against Streptococci, Staphylococci, Candida, Candida albicans, Shigella and Trichomonads.
Feglymycin is a HIV replication inhibitor. Feglymycin is also an antibiotic peptide that has antibacterial activity (MIC: 32-64 μg/mL for Staphylococcus aureus)[1].
Ftaxilide is a novel antituberculosis agent.