Ombitasvir is a potent inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus protein NS5A, with EC50s of 0.82 to 19.3 pM against HCV genotypes 1 to 5, and 366 pM against genotype 6a.
MLS000545091 is a potent and selective lipoxygenase-2 (LOX-2) inhibitor with an IC50 value of 2.6 μM for h15-LOX-2[1].
Antisauvagine-30 (aSvg-30) is a potent, competitive and selective CRF2 receptor antagonist with Kd values of 1.4 nM and 153.6 nM for mouse CRF2β and rat CRF1 receptors, respectively[1].
Ap44mSe is a selenosemicarbazone that effectively depletes cellular Fe, resulting in transferrin receptor-1 up-regulation, ferritin down-regulation, and increased expression of the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regulated gene-1. Ap44mSe forms redox active Cu complexes that target the lysosome to induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization[1].
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (1-37), human is a highly potent agonist of the GLP-1 receptor.
CI-949 is an allergic mediator release inhibitor, which inhibits histamine, leukotriene C4/D4 (LTC4/LTD4), and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) release with IC50s of 11.4 μM, 0.5 μM and 0.1 μM, respectively.
nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride is a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of nAChR containing a α4:α4 subunit interface. nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride enhances the response of (α4)3(β2)2 nAChR to ACh (10 µM) with an EC50 of 0.26 µM. nAChR agonist CMPI hydrochloride has potential for the research of nicotine dependence and many neuropsychiatric conditions associated with decreased brain cholinergic activity[1][2].
4-(Phenylazo)diphenylamine is an excellent colorimetric indicator for the accurate determination of the concentration for a variety of strong bases, Lewis acids, and hydride reducing agents[1].
Schisanlactone E is a triterpenoids that can be isolated from Kadsura heteroclita. Schisanlactone E exhibits moderate cytotoxic activity against Bel-7402, BGC-823, MCF-7 and HL-60 cell line with IC50s of 68.33, 100, >100, 73.37 μM,respectively[1].
Tryptophyltryptophan (NSC 524592) is a biologically active peptide.
GPR30 agonist-1 is a G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) agonist. GPR30 agonist-1 exerts vasorelaxant effects[1].
E3 ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugates 36 incorporates a cIAP ligand for the E3 ubiquitin ligase, and a PROTAC linker. E3 ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugates 36 can be used to design PROTAC degrader[1].
Tulathromycin A is a macrolide antibiotic.IC50 Value: 1 microg/ml (MIC90 for Pasteurella multocida) [2]Target: Antibacterialin vitro: Two highly pathogenic strains of M. bovis (with minimum inhibitory concentration values for tulathromycin of 1 and >64 microg/ml) were inoculated into 145 calves. Four days after inoculation, calves with clinical BRD were treated subcutaneously with saline or tulathromycin (2.5 mg/kg). Compared with saline, BRD-related withdrawals, peak rectal temperatures, and lung lesion scores were significantly lower for tulathromycin-treated calves (P < .01). Tulathromycin was highly effective in the treatment of BRD due to M. bovis in calves regardless of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the challenge strain (1 or >64 microg/ml) [1]. The lowest concentrations inhibiting the growth of 90% of isolates (MIC90) for tulathromycin were 2 microg/ml for Mannheimia (Pasteurella) haemolytica, 1 microg/ml for Pasteurella multocida (bovine), and 2 microg/ml for Pasteurella multocida (porcine) and ranged from 0.5 to 4 microg/ml for Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus) and from 4 to 16 microg/ml for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae [2]. in vivo: Each study randomly allocated 250 calves to receivetulathromycin at 2.5 mg/kg and 250 calves to receive either tilmicosin at 10 mg/kg (Colorado site) or florfenicol at 40 mg/kg (Idaho and Texas sites) on arrival at the feedlot. Calves were housed by treatment group in pens with 50 calves/pen [3]. The treatment groups were physiologic saline (n = 160) given SC at 0.02 ml/kg, tulathromycin (n = 320) given SC at 2.5 mg/kg, and tilmicosin (n = 320) given SC at 10 mg/kg [4].Tulathromycin is a triamilide antimicrobial that has been approved for use in the treatment and prevention of bovine respiratory disease and the treatment of swine respiratory disease. Toxicity: No adverse events related to tulathromycin were reported [4].Clinical trial:
16α-Hydroxytrametenolic acid, a natural triterpene, is a potential retinoid X receptor (RXR) selective agonist[1].
DS20362725 is an estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) agonist. DS20362725 inhibits the binding between receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) corepressor peptide (10 nM) and GST-ERRα ligand-binding domain (LBD; 1.2 μM) with an >IC50 value of 0.6 μM. DS20362725 can be used for the research of metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)[1].
Rasagiline Mesylate is a new MAO-B inhibitor for the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Target: Monoamine Oxidase (MAO)-BRasagiline (N-propargyl-1-(R)-aminoindan) is a novel, highly potent irreversible monoamine oxidase (MAO)-B inhibitor, anti-Parkinsonian drug. Rasagiline is effective as monotherapy or adjunct to L-Dopa for patients with early and late Parkinson's disease (PD) [1]. Rasagiline inhibits MAO-B more potently than selegiline and has the advantage of once-daily dosing. In several large, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, rasagiline has demonstrated efficacy as monotherapy in early PD and as adjunctive therapy in advanced PD. In addition, rasagiline has been shown to have neuroprotective effects in in vitro and in vivo studies. The recently completed delayed-start ADAGIO (Attenuation of Disease Progression with Azilect Given Once-daily) trial suggests a potential disease-modifying effect for rasagiline 1 mg/day, though the clinical import of this finding has yet to be established [2]. Rasagiline has been found to be well tolerated and effective in the treatment of early PD and as adjunctive treatment in motor fluctuations. Whether rasagiline is associated with clinically significant neuroprotection (ie, disease modification) in PD is the subject of ongoing clinical trials [3].
Isotanshinone IIA, an abietane-type diterpene metabolite, could non-competitively inhibit Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) activity with an IC50 0f 11.4 μM.
Mesuaxanthone A is a xanthone with anti-inflammatory activities. Mesuaxanthone A shows typical CNS depressant effects[1].
DL-O-Tyrosine is a tyrosine derivative[1].
Edonerpic maleate is a novel neurotrophic agent which can inhibit amyloid-β peptides (Aβ).
6β-Naltrexol (6β-Hydroxynaltrexone), the primary metabolite of Naltrexone, is a peripherally selective opioid antagonist. 6β-Naltrexol selectively inhibits gastrointestinal opioid effects in human subjects and inhibits Morphine-induced slowing of gastrointestinal transit[1].
Anxiolytic/nonsedative agent-1 (compound 2b) is a potent and selective GABAA agonist. Anxiolytic/nonsedative agent-1 shows appreciable affinity for the BzR in bovine brain membranes with Kis of 14, 121, 239 nM for α1β2γ2, α2β2γ2, α5β3γ2, respectively. Anxiolytic/nonsedative agent-1 shows α2 selective efficacy in vitro and anxioselective effects in vivo[1].
Cyproterone acetate-d3 is deuterium labeled Cyproterone acetate. Cyproterone acetate is an anti-androgen (IC50=7.1 nM) and progestogen synthetic steroid. Cyproterone acetate has affinity with progesteron and with glucocorticoidal receptors[1][2].
5-Hydroxy-7-acetoxy-8-methoxyflavone (compound F24) is a flavone[1].
Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria to control gene expression in response to increased cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself in a variety of phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved through the production, release and detection of small diffusible signaling molecules called autoinducers. N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise a class of such autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled to a homoserine lactone (HSL). Modulation of bacterial quorum-sensing signaling systems to suppress pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy for infectious diseases. AHLs differ in acyl length (C4-C18), C3 substitution (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signaling specificity through the affinity of the LuxR family of transcriptional regulators. C9-HSL is a rare odd-numbered acyl carbon chain produced by wild-type Erwinia carotovora strain SCC 3193 grown in nutrient-rich Luria-Bertani broth (LB) medium.
Danicamtiv is a positive inotropic agent.
Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate, a Wagerlin-1-mimicking peptide, is a mAChR antagonist. Dipeptide diaminobutyroyl benzylamide diacetate can induce muscle relaxation[1].
2-Phenylethanol (Phenethyl alcohol), extracted from rose, carnation, hyacinth, Aleppo pine, orange blossom and other organisms, is a colourless liquid that is slightly soluble in water. It has a pleasant floral odor and also an autoantibiotic produced by the fungus Candida albicans[1]. It is used as an additive in cigarettes and also used as a preservative in soaps due to its stability in basic conditions.
Esaxerenone is a novel, highly potent and selective non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist.
Nav1.7 inhibitor is a potent Nav1.7 inhibitor.IC50 value:Target: Nav1.7Preparation of sulfonamide derivatives as Nav1.7 inhibitorsBy Brown, Alan Daniel; Rawson, David James; Storer, Robert Ian; Swain, Nigel Alan From PCT Int. Appl. (2012), WO 2012007868 A2 20120119.