Isavuconazole D4 (BAL-4815 D4) is a deuterium labeled Isavuconazole (BAL-4815). Isavuconazole is a triazole prodrug with antifungal activity against yeasts, molds, and dimorphic fungi[1].
Clotrimazole is an imidazole derivative, an antifungal compound and is a CYP (cytochrome P450) inhibitor.Target: Antifungal; CYPClotrimazole (brand name Canesten or Lotrimin) is an antifungal medication commonly used in the treatment of fungal infections (of both humans and other animals) such as vaginal yeast infections, oral thrush, and ringworm. It is also used to treat athlete's foot and jock itch.It is commonly available as an over-the-counter substance in various dosage forms, such as a cream, and also (especially in the case of ear infection) as a combination medicine. It is also available as a troche or throat lozenge (prescription only). For ear infection, it is often applied in liquid form, as ear drops.The antimycotic drug clotrimazole inhibits the function of the gastric H,K-ATPase in a manner similar to that observed for the Na,K-ATPase. Because of the high hydrophobicity of the compound, the interaction between clotrimazole and the ion pump occurs at the membrane domain in the apolar core of the membrane. The enzymatic activity was inhibited with a half-saturating concentration of 5.2 microM. Various partial reactions of the pump cycle were analyzed with the electrochromic styryl dye RH421 that has been widely used to study the transport mechanism of P-type ATPases.
Etifoxine(HOE 36-801) is potentiator of GABAA receptor function in cultured neurons. Etifoxine preferentially acts on β2 or β3 subunit-containing GABAA receptors. IC50 value:Target: GABAA receptorEtifoxine exhibits anxiolytic activity in rodents and humans with no sedative, myorelaxant or mnesic side effects. Etifoxine acts as a ligand of the translocator protein (TSPO); promotes axonal regeneration.
Aviptadil (INN) is an analog of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Sequence: His-Ser-Asp-Ala-Val-Phe-Thr-Asp-Asn-Tyr-Thr-Arg-Leu-Arg-Lys-Gln-Met-Ala-Val-Lys-Lys-Tyr-Leu-Asn-Ser-Ile-Leu-Asn-NH2.
Apocynin is a selective NADPH-oxidase inhibitor with an IC50 of 10 μM.
(19R)-13-Deoxy-19-hydroxyenmein is the parent compound of enmein-type diterpenoid analogs. (19R)-13-Deoxy-19-hydroxyenmein has anti-proliferative activities with IC50 values of 0.41, 0.85, 0.43, 1.89 μM against human cancer cell lines K562, MGC-803, CaEs-17, and Bel-7402, respectively[1].
Elephanoside D (compound 8) is a steroidal saponin isolated from the stems of Yucca elephantipes Regel.
3,4-Dehydro-L-proline is aamino acids and their derivatives.
Rilpivirine (R278474) hydrochloride is a potent and specific diarylpyrimidine (DAPY) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI). Rilpivirine hydrochloride has high antiviral activity against wild-type HIV (EC50=0.4 nM) and mutant viruses (EC50=0.1-2.0 nM). Rilpivirine hydrochloride has a high genetic barrier to resistance development of HIV[1][2].
Biotin (Vitamin B7) sodium is a water-soluble B vitamin and serves as a coenzyme for five carboxylases in humans, involved in the synthesis of fatty acids, isoleucine, and valine, and in gluconeogenesis. Biotin sodium is necessary for cell growth, the production of fatty acids, and the metabolism of fats and amino acids[1][2][3].
CYH33 (CYH-33) is a novel potent, PI3Kα-selective inhibitor with IC50 of 5.9 nM/598 nM/ 78.7 nM/225 nM aginst class I PI3K isoform α/β/δ/γ, respectively; also displays little to no activity against more than 300 kinases; inhibits PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in glioblastoma U87MG and rhabdomyosarcoma Rh30 cells, shows potent anti-proliferative activity in against cell proliferation in a panel cancer cell lines originated from breast, lung, ovary and colon, prostate etc.; shows significant efficacy to inhibit the growth of SKOV-3 xenograft. Solid Tumors Phase 1 Clinical
Lonidamine is an orally administered small molecule hexokinase inactivator.Target: OthersLonidamine is a derivative of indazole-3-carboxylic acid, which for a long time, has been known to inhibit aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. It seems to enhance aerobic glycolysis in normal cells, but suppress glycolysis in cancer cells. This is most likely through the inhibition of the mitochondrially bound hexokinase. Later studies in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells showed that lonidamine inhibits both respiration and glycolysis leading to a decrease in cellular ATP. Clinical trials of lonidamine in combination with other anticancer agents for a variety of cancers has begun. Lonidamine has been used in the treatment of brain tumours in combination with radiotherapy and temozolomide. Results showed that a combination of temozolomide and lonidamine at clinically achievable, low plasma concentrations, could inhibit tumour growth, and lonidamine could reduce the dose of temozolomide required for radiosensitization of brain tumours. From Wikipedia.
Amlodipine mesylate, an antianginal agent and an orally active dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, works by blocking the voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels, thereby inhibiting the initial influx of calcium. Amlodipine mesylate can be used for the research of high blood pressure and cancer[1][2][3].
NQO1 substrate acts as an efficient NQO1 substrate and may be a new option for the treatment of NQO1-overexpresssing drug-resistant NSCLC[1].
2’-Chloro-2’-deoxyadenosine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].
Latrunculin A (LAT-A) is a toxin isolated from the red sea sponge Latrunculia magnifica, binds to actin monomers, inhibits polymerization of actin, with Kds of 0.1, 0.4, 4.7 μM and 0.19 μM for ATP-actin, ADP-Pi-actin, ADP-actin and G-actin, respectively[1][2].
Lasofoxifene Tartrate is a non-steroidal selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM).
A-196 is a potent and selective chemical inhibitor of SUV420H1 and SUV420H2 that inhibits the di- and trimethylation of H4K20me in multiple cell lines. Target: A-196 is a selective chemical probe for SUV420H1/H2. A-196 is the first potent and selective chemical probe for SUV420H1 and SUV420H2. The in vitro activity of A-196 includes inhibition of SUV420H1 with IC50 = 25 nM and SUV420H2 with IC50 = 144 nM for methylation of H4K20me and greater than 100-fold selectivity over other histone methyltransferases and non-epigenetic targets. In cell assays, A-196 inhibits the di- and tri-methylation of H4K20me in multiple cell lines with IC50 < 1 μM. SUV420H1 and SUV420H2 are two highly homologous methyltransferases that di- and tri-methylate 'Lys-20' of histone H4.
α-Isolupanine is an alkaloid. α-Isolupanine can be isolated from Narrow-Leafed Lupin (PLupinus angustifolius L.). α-Isolupanine can be used for the research of anthracnose[1].
Merestinib dihydrochloride (LY2801653 dihydrochloride) is a type-II ATP competitive, slow-off inhibitor of MET tyrosine kinase with a dissociation constant (Ki) of 2 nM.
ITMN 4077 is a macrocyclic inhibitor against Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) NS3 protease (EC50: 2131 nM)[1][2].
N,N'-Di-BOC-L-cystine is a cysteine derivative[1].
D(-)-2-Aminobutyric acid is a substrate of D-amino acid oxidase.
SD-1008 is a potent JAK inhibitor. SD-1008 inhibits tyrosyl phosphorylation of STAT3, JAK2 and Src. SD-1008 also reduces STAT3-dependent luciferase activity. SD-1008 enhances apoptosis induced by Paclitaxel in ovarian cancer cells via directly blocking the JAK-STAT3 signaling pathway[1].
H-Chpro-OH.HCl is a proline derivative[1].
AZD-5672 is an orally active, potent, and selective CCR5 antagonist (IC50=0.32 nM). AZD-5672 shows moderate activity against the hERG ion channel (binding IC50=7.3 μM). AZD5672 is a substrate of human P-gp, and inhibits P-gp-mediated digoxin transport (IC50=32 μM). AZD-5672 can be used for the research of rheumatoid arthritis[1][2][3].
Tropisetron is a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist and α7-nicotinic receptor agonist with an IC50 of 70.1 ± 0.9 nM for 5-HT3 receptor.IC50 value: 70.1 ± 0.9 nMTarget: 5-HT3 receptor; α7-nicotinic receptorin vitro: Retinal ganglion cells(RGCs) pretreated with 100 nM tropisetron before glutamate increased cell survival to an average of 105% compared to controls. Inhibition studies using the alpha7 nAChR antagonist, MLA (10 nM), support the hypothesis that tropisetron is an effective neuroprotective agent against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity; mediated by α7 nAChR activation. Tropisetron had no discernible effects on pAkt levels but significantly decreased p38 MAPK levels associated with excitotoxicity from an average of 15 ng/ml to 6 ng/ml [2]. Tropisetron, but not granisetron, significantly inhibits the phosphatase activity of calcineurin, over-expresses the CB(1) receptors at both transcriptional and protein levels, and reduces cAMP content in cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs) [4].in vivo: Animals were treated intracerebroventricularly with tropisetron, mCPBG (selective 5-HT3 receptor agonist) or mCPBG plus tropisetron on days 1, 3, 5 and 7. Tropisetron significantly diminished the elevated levels of these markers and reversed the cognitive deficit. Interestingly, tropisetron was also found to be a potent inhibitor of calcineurin phosphatase activity [1]. tropisetron (5mg/kg/day) plus mCPBG (10mg/kg/day), and granisetron (5mg/kg/day) intraperitoneally on days 3-35 post-immunization. Treatment with tropisetron and granisetron markedly suppressed the clinical symptoms of EAE (p<0.001) and reduced leukocyte infiltration as well as demyelination in the spinal cord (p<0.05) [3].
Chaetochromin A (Compound 1) is a fungal metabolite. Chaetochromin A shows inhibitory effect on botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT A) (IC50= 24.6 μM)[1].
Aflavarin is produced from cluster 39 expressed mainly in sclerotia. Aflavarin exhibits anti-insectan activity [1].
Metipranolol is a non-selective β adrenergic receptor blocking agent.