Chemsrc provides Signaling Pathways's classification. They are divided into Anti-infection, Antibody-drug Conjugate, Apoptosis, Autophagy, Cell Cycle/DNA Damage, Cytoskeleton, Epigenetics, GPCR/G Protein, Immunology/Inflammation, JAK/STAT Signaling, MAPK/ERK Pathway, Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel, Metabolic Enzyme/Protease, Neuronal Signaling, NF-κB, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, PROTAC, Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK, Stem Cell/Wnt, TGF-beta/Smad, Vitamin D Related, Others according to their Biological activity.


Anti-infection >
Arenavirus Bacterial CMV Enterovirus Filovirus Fungal HBV HCV HIV HSV Influenza Virus Parasite Reverse Transcriptase RSV SARS-CoV
Antibody-drug Conjugate >
ADC Cytotoxin ADC Linker Drug-Linker Conjugates for ADC PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Apoptosis >
Apoptosis Bcl-2 Family c-Myc Caspase DAPK Ferroptosis IAP MDM-2/p53 PKD RIP kinase Survivin Thymidylate Synthase TNF Receptor
Autophagy >
Autophagy LRRK2 ULK Mitophagy
Cell Cycle/DNA Damage >
Antifolate APC ATM/ATR Aurora Kinase Casein Kinase CDK Checkpoint Kinase (Chk) CRISPR/Cas9 Deubiquitinase DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker DNA-PK DNA/RNA Synthesis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor (eIF) G-quadruplex Haspin Kinase HDAC HSP IRE1 Kinesin LIM Kinase (LIMK) Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog p97 PAK PARP PERK Polo-like Kinase (PLK) PPAR RAD51 ROCK Sirtuin SRPK Telomerase TOPK Topoisomerase Wee1
Cytoskeleton >
Arp2/3 Complex Dynamin Gap Junction Protein Integrin Kinesin Microtubule/Tubulin Mps1 Myosin PAK
Epigenetics >
AMPK Aurora Kinase DNA Methyltransferase Epigenetic Reader Domain HDAC Histone Acetyltransferase Histone Demethylase Histone Methyltransferase JAK MicroRNA PARP PKC Sirtuin Protein Arginine Deiminase
GPCR/G Protein >
5-HT Receptor Adenosine Receptor Adenylate Cyclase Adiponectin Receptor Adrenergic Receptor Angiotensin Receptor Bombesin Receptor Bradykinin Receptor Cannabinoid Receptor CaSR CCR CGRP Receptor Cholecystokinin Receptor CRFR CXCR Dopamine Receptor EBI2/GPR183 Endothelin Receptor GHSR Glucagon Receptor Glucocorticoid Receptor GNRH Receptor GPCR19 GPR109A GPR119 GPR120 GPR139 GPR40 GPR55 GPR84 Guanylate Cyclase Histamine Receptor Imidazoline Receptor Leukotriene Receptor LPL Receptor mAChR MCHR1 (GPR24) Melatonin Receptor mGluR Motilin Receptor Neurokinin Receptor Neuropeptide Y Receptor Neurotensin Receptor Opioid Receptor Orexin Receptor (OX Receptor) Oxytocin Receptor P2Y Receptor Prostaglandin Receptor Protease-Activated Receptor (PAR) Ras RGS Protein Sigma Receptor Somatostatin Receptor TSH Receptor Urotensin Receptor Vasopressin Receptor Melanocortin Receptor
Immunology/Inflammation >
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor CCR Complement System COX CXCR FLAP Histamine Receptor IFNAR Interleukin Related IRAK MyD88 NO Synthase NOD-like Receptor (NLR) PD-1/PD-L1 PGE synthase Salt-inducible Kinase (SIK) SPHK STING Thrombopoietin Receptor Toll-like Receptor (TLR) Arginase
JAK/STAT Signaling >
EGFR JAK Pim STAT
MAPK/ERK Pathway >
ERK JNK KLF MAP3K MAP4K MAPKAPK2 (MK2) MEK Mixed Lineage Kinase MNK p38 MAPK Raf Ribosomal S6 Kinase (RSK)
Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >
ATP Synthase BCRP Calcium Channel CFTR Chloride Channel CRAC Channel CRM1 EAAT2 GABA Receptor GlyT HCN Channel iGluR Monoamine Transporter Monocarboxylate Transporter Na+/Ca2+ Exchanger Na+/HCO3- Cotransporter Na+/K+ ATPase nAChR NKCC P-glycoprotein P2X Receptor Potassium Channel Proton Pump SGLT Sodium Channel TRP Channel URAT1
Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >
15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
Neuronal Signaling >
5-HT Receptor AChE Adenosine Kinase Amyloid-β Beta-secretase CaMK CGRP Receptor COMT Dopamine Receptor Dopamine Transporter FAAH GABA Receptor GlyT iGluR Imidazoline Receptor mAChR Melatonin Receptor Monoamine Oxidase nAChR Neurokinin Receptor Opioid Receptor Serotonin Transporter γ-secretase
NF-κB >
NF-κB IKK Keap1-Nrf2 MALT1
PI3K/Akt/mTOR >
Akt AMPK ATM/ATR DNA-PK GSK-3 MELK mTOR PDK-1 PI3K PI4K PIKfyve PTEN
PROTAC >
PROTAC E3 Ligase Ligand-Linker Conjugate Ligand for E3 Ligase PROTAC Linker PROTAC-linker Conjugate for PAC
Protein Tyrosine Kinase/RTK >
Ack1 ALK Bcr-Abl BMX Kinase Btk c-Fms c-Kit c-Met/HGFR Discoidin Domain Receptor DYRK EGFR Ephrin Receptor FAK FGFR FLT3 IGF-1R Insulin Receptor IRAK Itk PDGFR PKA Pyk2 ROS Src Syk TAM Receptor Trk Receptor VEGFR
Stem Cell/Wnt >
Casein Kinase ERK Gli GSK-3 Hedgehog Hippo (MST) JAK Notch Oct3/4 PKA Porcupine ROCK sFRP-1 Smo STAT TGF-beta/Smad Wnt YAP β-catenin γ-secretase
TGF-beta/Smad >
TGF-beta/Smad PKC ROCK TGF-β Receptor
Vitamin D Related >
VD/VDR
Others >
Androgen Receptor Aromatase Estrogen Receptor/ERR Progesterone Receptor Thyroid Hormone Receptor Others

Isovaleramide

Isovaleramide is an active principle on central nervous system from Valeriana pavonii, as an anticonvulsant.Target:in vitro: Isovaleramide (300 μM) exhibits a 42% of inhibition of the binding of 3H-FNZ to its sites.in vivo: Isovaleramide at 100 mg/Kg, p.o, evidences a 90% index protection against the maximal electroshock seizure in mice (MES).

  • CAS Number: 541-46-8
  • MF: C5H11NO
  • MW: 101.14700
  • Catalog: Neurological Disease
  • Density: 0.901g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 232°C
  • Melting Point: 135 °C
  • Flash Point: 232°C

EPZ020411 HCl

EPZ020411 is a potent and selective inhibitor of PRMT6 with IC50 of 10 nM, has >10 fold selectivity for PRMT6 over PRMT1 and PRMT8.IC50 value: 10 nMTarget: PRMT6in vitro: EPZ020411 inhibits methylation of PRMT6 substrates in cells. EPZ020411 does-dependently inhibits H3R2 methylation in PRMT6-overexpressing cells.in vivo: EPZ020411 shows good bioavailability following subcutaneous (SC) dosing in rats making it a suitable tool for in vivo studies.

  • CAS Number: 1700663-41-7
  • MF: C25H38N4O3
  • MW: 442.594
  • Catalog: Histone Methyltransferase
  • Density: 1.2±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 619.2±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 328.3±31.5 °C

RX-37

A potent and specific BET bromodomain inhibitor with Ki of 3.2-24.7 nM for BD1 and BD2 domains of BRD2, BRD3, and BRD4; shows an excellent selectivity over other non-BET bromodomain-containing proteins with the exception of CREBBP (Kd=670 nM); potently and selectively inhibits cell growth in human acute leukemia cell lines harboring the rearranged MLL1 gene (IC50=20 nM for MV4;11 cells).

  • CAS Number: 1627715-60-9
  • MF: C24H23N5O2
  • MW: 413.481
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ergtoxin-1

Ergtoxin-1 is a potassium channel blocker.Ergtoxin-1 is isolated from the venom of the Mexican scorpionCentruroides noxius. Ergtoxin 1 can blockERG-K+ channels in nerve, heart and endocrine cells[1].

  • CAS Number: 304436-85-9
  • MF: C193H287N59O63S9
  • MW: 4730.29
  • Catalog: Neurological Disease
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

NHS-SS-(+)-Biotin

Biotin-bis-amido-SS-NHS is an Alkyl/ether-based PROTAC linker can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs.

  • CAS Number: 142439-92-7
  • MF: C22H33N5O7S3
  • MW: 575.72200
  • Catalog: PROTAC Linker
  • Density: 1.43
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 129-131ºC
  • Flash Point: N/A

JS25

JS25 is a potent, selective, covalent TEC family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases (BTK, ITK, TXK and BMX) inhibitor with IC50 of 3.5 and 5.8 nM for BMX and BTK, respectively.JS25 displays a strong binding affinity against all the members of TEC family, covalently inhibits BMX at Cys496. JS25 demonstrates intracellular target engagement in HEK293 cells (IC50=44.8 nM), 10 times greater than BMX-IN-1.JS25 inhibits androgen-receptor positive prostate-cancer cells with GI50 of 6.6 uM.JS25 shows synergistic anti-proliferative activity in LNCaP cells in combination with AKT1/2 (AKT inhibitor), Flutamide (androgen receptor antagonist) and LY293002 (PI3K inhibitor).

  • CAS Number: 2411771-95-2
  • MF: C29H24N4O4S
  • MW: 524.595
  • Catalog: Btk
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

RORγt agonist 3

RORγt agonist 3 is a potent agonist of RORγt. RORγt agonist 3 promotes the differentiation of Th17 cells and enhances the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby increasing the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes. RORγt agonist 3 inhibits the production of regulatory T cells, which suppresses the immune response (extracted from patent WO2021136326A1, compound 23)[1].

  • CAS Number: 2664106-24-3
  • MF: C34H37N3O3S
  • MW: 567.74
  • Catalog: ROR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Vin-F03

Vin-F03 is a potent pancreatic β-cells protective agent with an EC50 of 0.27 µM. Vin-F03 effectively promotes β-cell survival and protects β-cells from STZ-induced apoptosis. Vin-F03 can be used for type 2 diabetes mellitus research[1].

  • CAS Number: 2180917-11-5
  • MF: C22H29N3
  • MW: 335.49
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Bay 65-1942 (hydrochloride)

Bay 65-1942 hydrochloride is an ATP-competitive and selective IKKβ inhibitor.

  • CAS Number: 600734-06-3
  • MF: C22H26ClN3O4
  • MW: 431.91300
  • Catalog: IKK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ms-PEG3-CH2CH2COOH

Ms-PEG3-CH2CH2COOH is a PEG-based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs[1].

  • CAS Number: 2306832-21-1
  • MF: C10H20O8S
  • MW: 300.33
  • Catalog: PROTAC Linker
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

β-Casomorphin (1-6) (bovine)

β-Casomorphin (1-6), bovine is a opioid-like bioactive peptide of β-Casomorphin.

  • CAS Number: 77434-43-6
  • MF: C35H44N6O8
  • MW: 676.759
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 1090.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 613.0±34.3 °C

RO 5203648

RO5203648 is a potent and highly selective partial agonist of TAAR1 (Trace amine-associated receptor 1) with high affinity. RO5203648 demonstrates a novel paradigm for neuropsychiatric therapeutics[1].

  • CAS Number: 1043491-54-8
  • MF: C9H8Cl2N2O
  • MW: 231.08
  • Catalog: Neurological Disease
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 351.5±52.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 166.4±30.7 °C

Pangelin

Pangelin is a coumarin that can be found in Ducrosia anethifolia. Pangelin exhibits anti-mycobacterial and anti-tumor activities[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 33783-80-1
  • MF: C16H14O5
  • MW: 286.27900
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HAEGTFTSDVS

HAEGTFTSDVS is the first N-terminal 1-11 residues of GLP-1 peptide.

  • CAS Number: 864915-61-7
  • MF: C48H71N13O20
  • MW: 1150.18
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

BIMU 8

BIMU 8 is a potent and selective 5-HT4 agonist with EC50s of 18 nM, 77 nM, and 540 nM for wild type 5HT4 receptor, T3.36A, and W6.48A mutant 5-HT4 receptors[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 134296-40-5
  • MF: C19H27ClN4O2
  • MW: 378.89600
  • Catalog: 5-HT Receptor
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Zinpentraxin alfa

Zinpentraxin alfa (PRM-151) is a recombinant human pentraxin-2, also known as serum amyloid hSAP, a highly conserved serum protein and soluble pattern recognition receptor (PRR) of the innate immune system that regulates monocyte activation and differentiation. Zinpentraxin alfa inhibits the differentiation of circulating monocytes into fibroblasts and pro-fibroblastic macrophages and suppresses myofibroblast production[1].

  • CAS Number: 1387453-03-3
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Cardiovascular Disease
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Azido-PEG6-NHS ester

Azido-PEG6-NHS ester is a cleavable 6 unit PEG ADC linker used in the synthesis of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs)[1]. Azido-PEG6-NHS ester is also a PEG- and Alkyl/ether based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs[2].

  • CAS Number: 2055014-64-5
  • MF: C19H32N4O10
  • MW: 476.48
  • Catalog: ADC Linker
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Galanin (human) acetate salt

Galanin (1-30), human is a 30-amino acid neuropeptide, and acts as an agonist of GalR1 and GalR2 receptors, with Kis of both 1 nM.

  • CAS Number: 119418-04-1
  • MF: C139H210N42O43
  • MW: 3157.41000
  • Catalog: Peptides
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Retrocyclin-101

Retrocyclin-101 is an antimicrobial peptide against of bacterial and viral[1].

  • CAS Number: 536757-16-1
  • MF: C74H130N28O19S6
  • MW: 1908.39
  • Catalog: Infection
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Methylsyringol

4-Methylsyringol is a natural product that can be isolated from hardwood[1].

  • CAS Number: 6638-05-7
  • MF: C9H12O3
  • MW: 168.19
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: 1.105g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 145-146 °C14 mm Hg(lit.)
  • Melting Point: 37-42 °C(lit.)
  • Flash Point: >230 °F

m-PEG24-alcohol

m-PEG24-alcohol is a PEG-based PROTAC linker that can be used in the synthesis of PROTACs[1].

  • CAS Number: 2376450-73-4
  • MF: C49H100O25
  • MW: 1089.30
  • Catalog: PROTAC Linker
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Trelagliptin

Trelagliptin(SYR-472) is a long acting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that is being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). IC50 value:Target: DPP4Two Phase II clinical studies have been completed with Efficacy and Safety of SYR-472 in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Phase III clinical studies with trelagliptin in Japan to evaluate its safety and efficacy in a once-weekly oral treatment regimen. Currently, all available DPP-4 inhibitors are dosed once-daily. A once-weekly treatment, such as trelagliptin, would provide patients with a convenient treatment alternative and has the potential to improve treatment compliance.

  • CAS Number: 865759-25-7
  • MF: C18H20FN5O2
  • MW: 357.382
  • Catalog: Dipeptidyl Peptidase
  • Density: 1.4±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 519.0±60.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 267.7±32.9 °C

Captopril-d3

Captopril-d3 is deuterium labeled Captopril. Captopril (SQ 14225), antihypertensive agent, is a thiol-containing competitive, orally active angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (IC50=0.025 μM) and has been widely used for research of hypertension and congestive heart failure. Captopril is also a New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 7.9 μM[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 1356383-38-4
  • MF: C9H12D3NO3S
  • MW: 220.30
  • Catalog: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE)
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 427.0±40.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 212.1±27.3 °C

RUNX-IN-1

RUNX-IN-1 (Compound Conjugate 1) covalently binds to the RUNX-binding sequences, and inhibits the binding of RUNX proteins to their target sites. RUNX-IN-1 induces the p53-dependent apoptosis and inhibits cancer cell growth. RUNX-IN-1 inhibits tumor growth in PANC-1 xenograft mice[1].

  • CAS Number: 2177285-35-5
  • MF: C71H88Cl2N24O11
  • MW: 1524.52
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AT 1

BRD4 degrader AT1 is a highly selective Brd4 degrader based on PROTAC technology, with a Kd of 44 nM for Brd4BD2 in cells.

  • CAS Number: 2098836-45-2
  • MF: C48H58ClN9O5S3
  • MW: 972.68
  • Catalog: Epigenetic Reader Domain
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LY191704

LY191704, as a benzoquinolinone, is a potent, nonsteroidal, noncompetitive and selective human type I 5α-reductase inhibitor. LY191704 is a racemic mixture of the compounds LY300502 and LY300503. LY191704 may be useful in the research of human endocrine disorders associated with overproduction of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α-reductase type 1[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 146117-78-4
  • MF: C14H16ClNO
  • MW: 249.73600
  • Catalog: 5 alpha Reductase
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Paucinervin A

Paucinervin A (Compound 1) is a type of bittern.Paucinervin A inhibits the growth of HeLa cells (IC50=29.5μM). Paucinervin A is isolated from the natural Garcinia paucinervis [1].

  • CAS Number: 1243249-16-2
  • MF: C24H26O7
  • MW: 426.46
  • Catalog: Cancer
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 649.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 222.5±25.0 °C

2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid-d11

2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid-d11 is the deuterium labeled 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic acid[1].

  • CAS Number: 1219804-04-2
  • MF: C6HD11O2
  • MW: 127.23
  • Catalog: Others
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Geniposide

Geniposide is an iridoid glucoside extracted from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis fruits; exhibits a varity of biological activities such as anti-diabetic, antioxidative, antiproliferative and neuroprotective activities.

  • CAS Number: 24512-63-8
  • MF: C17H24O10
  • MW: 388.366
  • Catalog: Amyloid-β
  • Density: 1.5±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 641.4±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: 161-162ºC
  • Flash Point: 231.5±25.0 °C

Nav1.7-IN-8

Nav1.7-IN-8 is a potent blockage of NaV1.7 with high selectivity for the inhibition of NaV1.7 over the subtypes hNaV1.1 and hNaV1.5. Nav1.7-IN-8 inhibits CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 with an IC50 of 0.17 μM and 0.077 μM, respectively. Nav1.7-IN-8 displays significant analgesic effects in rodent models of acute and inflammatory pain[1].

  • CAS Number: 1432913-44-4
  • MF: C21H12ClF2N5O4S2
  • MW: 535.93
  • Catalog: Sodium Channel
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A