Cell Cycle includes many processes necessary for successful self-replication, and consists of DNA synthesis (S) and mitosis (M) phases separated by gap phases in the order G1–S–G2–M. S phase and M phase are usually separated by gap phases called G1 and G2, when cell-cycle progression can be regulated by various intracellular and extracellular signals. In order to move from one phase of its life cycle to the next, a cell must pass through numerous checkpoints. At each checkpoint, specialized proteins determine whether the necessary conditions exist. Progression through G1 phase is controlled by pRB proteins, and phosphorylation of pRB proteins by CDKs releases E2F factors, promoting the transition to S phase. The G2/M transition that commits cells to division is a default consequence of initiating the cell cycle at the G1/S transition, many proteins, such Wee1, PLK1 and cdc25, is involved the regulation of this process. The best-understood checkpoints are those activated by DNA damage and problems with DNA replication.

DNA damage response (DDR) is a series of regulatory events including DNA damage, cell-cycle arrest, regulation of DNA replication, and repair or bypass of DNA damage to ensure the maintenance of genomic stability and cell viability. Genome instability arises if cells initiate mitosis when chromosomes are only partially replicated or are damaged by a double-strand DNA break (DSB). To prevent cells with damaged DNA from entering mitosis, ATR inhibits cyclin B/Cdk1 activation by stimulating the Cdk1 inhibitory kinase Wee1 and inhibiting Cdc25C via Chk1, besides, ATM and ATR also initiate DNA repair by phosphorylating several other substrates.

In cancer cells, the cell cycle regulators as well as other elements of the DDR pathway have been found to protect tumor cells from different stresses and to promote tumor progression. Thus, cell cycle proteins that directly regulate cell cycle progression (such as CDKs), as well as checkpoint kinases, Aurora kinases and PLKs, are promising targets in cancer therapy.

References:
[1] Rhind N, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2012 Oct; 4(10): a005942.
[2] Duronio RJ, et al. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2013 Mar; 5(3): a008904.
[3] Liu W, et al. Mol Cancer. 2017 Mar 14;16(1):60.
[4] Ghelli Luserna di Rora' A, et al. J Hematol Oncol. 2017 Mar 29;10(1):77.


Anti-infection >
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15-PGDH 5 alpha Reductase 5-Lipoxygenase Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase Acyltransferase Adenosine Deaminase Adenosine Kinase Aldehyde Dehydrogenase (ALDH) Aldose Reductase Aminopeptidase Angiotensin-converting Enzyme (ACE) ATGL ATP Citrate Lyase Carbonic Anhydrase Carboxypeptidase Cathepsin CETP COMT Cytochrome P450 Dipeptidyl Peptidase Dopamine β-hydroxylase E1/E2/E3 Enzyme Elastase Enolase FAAH FABP Factor Xa Farnesyl Transferase Fatty Acid Synthase (FAS) FXR Glucokinase GSNOR Gutathione S-transferase HCV Protease Hexokinase HIF/HIF Prolyl-Hydroxylase HIV Integrase HIV Protease HMG-CoA Reductase (HMGCR) HSP Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase (IDO) Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH) Lactate Dehydrogenase LXR MAGL Mineralocorticoid Receptor Mitochondrial Metabolism MMP Nampt NEDD8-activating Enzyme Neprilysin PAI-1 PDHK PGC-1α Phosphatase Phosphodiesterase (PDE) Phospholipase Procollagen C Proteinase Proteasome Pyruvate Kinase RAR/RXR Renin ROR Ser/Thr Protease SGK Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD) Thrombin Tryptophan Hydroxylase Tyrosinase Xanthine Oxidase
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3’-beta-C-Methylcytidine

3’-beta-C-Methylcytidine is a cytidine nucleoside analog. Cytidine analogs have a mechanism of inhibiting DNA methyltransferases (such as Zebularine, HY-13420), and have potential anti-metabolic and anti-tumor activities[1].

  • CAS Number: 20724-72-5
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-methyl-2-thiouridine

5-Methyl-2-thiouridine (2-Thio-5-methyluridine) is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 32738-09-3
  • MF: C10H14N2O5S
  • MW: 274.29
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 1.63g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: 216-219 °C
  • Flash Point: N/A

P276-00

Riviciclib hydrochloride (P276-00) is a potent CDK9-cyclinT1, CDK4-cyclin D1, CDK1-cyclinB, CDK2-cyclin A, CDK2-cyclin E, CDK6-cyclin D3, and CDK9-cyclin H inhibitor with IC50 values of 20 nM, 63 nM, 79 nM, 224 nM, 2500 nM, 396 nM, 2900 nM, respectively[1].Riviciclib hydrochloride shows antitumor activity on cisplatin-resistant cells[3].

  • CAS Number: 920113-03-7
  • MF: C21H21Cl2NO5
  • MW: 438.30
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

RI-1

RI-1 is a RAD51 inhibitor with IC50 ranging from 5 to 30 μM.IC50 Value: 5-30 μMTarget: RAD51in vitro: RI-1 sensitizes cells to DNA damage by directly and specifically disrupting HsRAD51 and inhibiting the ability of RAD51 to form filaments on ssDNA. In addition, RI-1 alone generates single-agent toxicity in all three cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7 and U2OS) with LD50 values in the 20–40 μM range. RI-1 decreases the rejoining of γ-H2AX foci in G2 phase cells and results in a higher level of unrepaired DSBs 6 hours after irradiation. in vivo:

  • CAS Number: 415713-60-9
  • MF: C14H11Cl3N2O3
  • MW: 361.608
  • Catalog: RAD51
  • Density: 1.6±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 483.0±45.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 245.9±28.7 °C

AT-1727

Bimolane (AT-1727), a human topoisomerase II inhibitor, can be used as an anti-neoplastic agent and for the research of psoriasis. Bimolane shows leukemogenic activity and induces multiple types of chromosomal aberrations in human lymphocytes[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 74550-97-3
  • MF: C20H32N6O6
  • MW: 452.50
  • Catalog: Topoisomerase
  • Density: 1.326g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 679.2ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 364.6ºC

KU-0060648

KU-0060648 is a dual inhibitor of PI3K and DNA-PK with IC50s of 4 nM, 0.5 nM, 0.1 nM, 0.594 nM and 8.6 nM for PI3Kα, PI3Kβ, PI3Kγ, PI3Kδ and DNA-PK, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 881375-00-4
  • MF: C33H34N4O4S
  • MW: 582.713
  • Catalog: DNA-PK
  • Density: 1.3±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 819.9±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 449.7±34.3 °C

4’-C-Methyl-5-methoxyuridine

4’-C-Methyl-5-methoxyuridine is a uridine analogue. Uridine has potential antiepileptic effects, and its analogs can be used to study anticonvulsant and anxiolytic activities, as well as to develop new antihypertensive agents[1].

  • CAS Number: 2305415-71-6
  • MF: C11H16N2O7
  • MW: 288.25
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Aza-3’-deoxycytidine

5-Aza-3’-deoxycytidine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 455951-65-2
  • MF: C8H12N4O4
  • MW: 228.21
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Dolastatin 15

Dolastatin 15 (DLS 15), a depsipeptide derived from Dolabella auricularia, is a potent antimitotic agent structurally related to the antitubulin agent Dolastatin 10. Dolastatin 15 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. Dolastatin 15 can be used as an ADC cytotoxin[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 123884-00-4
  • MF: C45H68N6O9
  • MW: 837.05600
  • Catalog: ADC Cytotoxin
  • Density: 1.2g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 943.2ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 524.2ºC

Akt1&PKA-IN-2

Akt1&PKA-IN-2 ((R)-29) is an inhibitor of PKB/AKT with cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) selectivity. Akt1&PKA-IN-2 inhibits AKT1, PKAa and CDK2a with IC50 values of 0.007 µM, 0.01 µM and 0.69 µM, respectively[1].

  • CAS Number: 1334108-00-7
  • MF: C20H17Cl2N3O
  • MW: 386.27
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

4-Methoxy-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-amine

4-Methoxy-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-6-amine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 1611486-54-4
  • MF: C11H15N5O5
  • MW: 297.27
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.0±0.1 g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 694.0±65.0 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 373.5±34.3 °C

N1-Allylpseudouridine

N1-Allylpseudouridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 1613530-15-6
  • MF: C12H16N2O6
  • MW: 284.27
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

IPI-504

Retaspimycin Hydrochloride is a potent and water-soluble inhibitor of Hsp90 with EC50s of 119 nM for both Hsp90 and Grp9.

  • CAS Number: 857402-63-2
  • MF: C31H46ClN3O8
  • MW: 624.17
  • Catalog: HSP
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

LY518674

LY518674 is a potent, selective PPARα antagonist, with an EC50 of 42 nM for human PPARα. LY518674 reduces triglycerides in and increased HDL-C and is used for the treatment of atherosclerosis[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 425671-29-0
  • MF: C23H27N3O4
  • MW: 409.47800
  • Catalog: PPAR
  • Density: 1.21g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 575.852ºC at 760 mmHg
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: 302.065ºC

Tubulin polymerization-IN-41

Tubulin polymerization-IN-41 is a potent tubulin polymerization inhibitor with the IC50 of 2.61 μM. Tubulin polymerization-IN-41 targets the Colchicine-binding site of tubulin. Tubulin polymerization-IN-41 has anticancer effects[1].

  • CAS Number: 2804026-81-9
  • MF: C20H16Cl2N2O5
  • MW: 435.26
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Tubulysin G

Tubulysin G is a highly cytotoxic peptide isolated from the myxobacterial species Archangium geophyra and Angiococcus disciformis. Tubulysin displays extremely potent cytotoxic activity in mammalian cells, including multidrug-resistant cell lines, with IC50 values in the lower nanomolar range[1]. Tubulysin G is a cytotoxic activity tubulysin which inhibits tubulin polymerization and leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis[2].

  • CAS Number: 799822-08-5
  • MF: C43H63N5O10S
  • MW: 842.05
  • Catalog: Apoptosis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

N-(3-(Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazol-6-yl)phenyl)-2-methoxybenzamide

Sirtuin modulator 2 (Compound 132) is a sirtuin modulator with an ED50 equal or less than 50 μM[1].

  • CAS Number: 667910-69-2
  • MF: C19H15N3O2S
  • MW: 349.41
  • Catalog: Sirtuin
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CDK4/6-IN-7

CDK4/6-IN-7 is a potent, selective and orally active CDK4/6 inhibitor, with IC50s of 1.58 and 4.09 nM, respectively. CDK4/6-IN-7 can be used for the research of breast cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2649120-20-5
  • MF: C18H18ClN5O3
  • MW: 387.82
  • Catalog: CDK
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

NHC-triphosphate

NHC-triphosphate is an intracellular metabolite of β-d-N4-Hydroxycytidine (NHC) as a triphosphate form. NHC-triphosphate is a weak alternative substrate for the viral polymerase and changes the mobility of the product in polyacrylamide electrophoresis gels[1].

  • CAS Number: 34973-27-8
  • MF: C9H16N3O15P3
  • MW: 499.15600
  • Catalog: HCV
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5'-Deoxy-5'-iodouridine

5'-Deoxy-5'-iodouridine is a purine nucleoside analog. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 14259-58-6
  • MF: C9H11IN2O5
  • MW: 354.10
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: 2.118g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

5-Fluoro-2′-deoxy-UTP

5-Fluoro-2′-deoxy-UTP can be used as a substrate for DNA synthesis[1].

  • CAS Number: 2710-64-7
  • MF: C9H14FN2O14P3
  • MW: 486.13
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

AZD1390

AZD1390 is an ATM inhibitor.

  • CAS Number: 2089288-03-7
  • MF: C27H32FN5O2
  • MW: 477.57
  • Catalog: ATM/ATR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

Ascamycin

Ascamycin is a 5'-O-sulfonamide ribonucleoside antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp. JCM9888. Ascamycin has a selective antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas species with MIC values of 0.4 μg/mL, 12.5 μg/mL and 12.5 μg/mL for Xanthomonas citri, Xanthomonas oryzae and Mycobacterium phlei, respectively[1][2][3].

  • CAS Number: 91432-48-3
  • MF: C13H18ClN7O7S
  • MW: 451.84300
  • Catalog: Bacterial
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

B I09

B I09 is an IRE-1 RNase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 1230 nM.

  • CAS Number: 1607803-67-7
  • MF: C16H17NO5
  • MW: 303.31
  • Catalog: IRE1
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

m7GpppAmpG

m7GpppAmpG is a trinucleotide cap analog with the capping efficiencies for the obtained RNAs of 90%[1].

  • CAS Number: 62858-30-4
  • MF: C32H43N15O24P4
  • MW: 1145.66
  • Catalog: DNA/RNA Synthesis
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

HDAC-IN-29

HDAC-IN-29 (compound 13b) is a potent pan-HDAC inhibitor. HDAC-IN-29 shows antitumor activity[1].

  • CAS Number: 2695593-95-2
  • MF: C20H23N3O4S
  • MW: 401.48
  • Catalog: HDAC
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

CKI-7

CKI-7 is a potent and ATP-competitive casein kinase 1 (CK1) inhibitor with an IC50 of 6 μM and a Ki of 8.5 μM. CKI-7 is a selective Cdc7 kinase inhibitor. CKI-7 also inhibits SGK, ribosomal S6 kinase-1 (S6K1) and mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase-1 (MSK1). CKI-7 has a much weaker effect on casein kinase II and other protein kinases[1][2][3][4].

  • CAS Number: 120615-25-0
  • MF: C11H12ClN3O2S
  • MW: 285.75000
  • Catalog: Casein Kinase
  • Density: 1.432g/cm3
  • Boiling Point: 499.7ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 188-190ºC
  • Flash Point: 256ºC

Phosphoramide mustard (cyclohexanamine)

Phosphoramide mustard cyclohexanamine is the major metabolite for Cyclophosphamide (HY-17420), with anticancer activitiy. Phosphoramide mustard cyclohexanamine induces DNA adduct formation in ovarian granulosa cells, induces DNA damage and elicits the ovarian DNA repair response[1][2].

  • CAS Number: 1566-15-0
  • MF: C10H24Cl2N3O2P
  • MW: 320.19600
  • Catalog: DNA Alkylator/Crosslinker
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: 363.5ºC at 760mmHg
  • Melting Point: 100-103 °C
  • Flash Point: 173.6ºC

ATR-IN-13

ATR-IN-13 (compound A9) is a potent ATR kinase inhibitor, with an IC50 of 2 nM. ATR-IN-13 can be used for ATR kinase mediated diseases research, such as proliferative diseases and cancer[1].

  • CAS Number: 2758113-84-5
  • MF: C24H24FN9O
  • MW: 473.51
  • Catalog: ATM/ATR
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A

3’-Deoxy-5-methoxyuridine

3’-Deoxy-5-methoxyuridine is a purine nucleoside analogue. Purine nucleoside analogs have broad antitumor activity targeting indolent lymphoid malignancies. Anticancer mechanisms in this process rely on inhibition of DNA synthesis, induction of apoptosis, etc[1].

  • CAS Number: 2095417-49-3
  • MF:
  • MW:
  • Catalog: Nucleoside Antimetabolite/Analog
  • Density: N/A
  • Boiling Point: N/A
  • Melting Point: N/A
  • Flash Point: N/A